feat: defined exports for the package

BREAKING CHANGE: exports prevents access to internal files, but they arent intended for public use anyway
feat(conventional-changelog-presets): supported new preset format
2023-09-01 21:08:13 -05:00 · 2023-09-01 17:23:14 -05:00 · 2023-08-29 15:21:15 +00:00 · 2023-08-28 21:53:52 +00:00 · 2023-08-28 02:40:27 +00:00 · 2023-08-24 18:48:28 +00:00
126 changed files with 19343 additions and 3578 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# style: prettier (#2670)
+b06c9bbe4c6be121c5561b356d8c465c1cadffba
+# style: upgraded prettier to v3 (#2863)
+272af210523804de782b3076f05e56bcb4aeeb8f
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* text=auto eol=lf
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Bug report
-about: Something not working as expected
-
---
-
-## Current behavior
-
-<!-- Describe how the issue manifests. -->
-
-## Expected behavior
-
-<!-- Describe what the desired behavior would be. -->
-
-## Environment
-
- **semantic-release** version: <!-- Version set in package.json devDpendencies -->
- CI environment: <!-- CI service name -->
- Plugins used: <!-- List semantic-release plugin used if any -->
- **semantic-release** configuration: <!-- link to your repository or relevant part of the semantic-release config -->
- CI logs: <!-- link to your CI logs or semantic-release logs -->
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+name: Bug Report
+description: Something not working as expected
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Current behavior
+      description: Describe how the issue manifests.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Expected behavior
+      description: Describe what the desired behavior would be.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: input
+    attributes:
+      label: "`semantic-release` version"
+      description: Version set in `package.json` `devDpendencies`.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: input
+    attributes:
+      label: CI environment
+      description: CI service name.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Plugins used
+      description: List `semantic-release` plugin used, if any.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: "`semantic-release` configuration"
+      description: Link to your repository or relevant part of the `semantic-release` config.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: CI logs
+      description: Link to your CI logs or `semantic-release` logs.
+    validations:
+      required: true
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Feature request
-about: Wouldn’t it be nice if semantic-release could ...
-
---
-
-## New feature motivation
-
-<!-- Describe the context, the use-case and the advantages of the feature request. -->
-
-## New feature description
-
-<!-- Describe the functional changes that would have to be made in semantic-release or its plugins. -->
-
-## New feature implementation
-
-<!-- Optionally describe the technical changes to be made in semantic-release or its plugins. -->
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Feature request
+description: Wouldn't it be nice if `semantic-release` could ...
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: New feature motivation
+      description: Describe the context, the use-case and the advantages of the feature request.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: New feature description
+      description: Describe the functional changes that would have to be made in `semantic-release` or its plugins.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: New feature implementation
+      description: Optionally describe the technical changes to be made in `semantic-release` or its plugins.
+    validations:
+      required: false
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
---
-name: New plugin suggestion
-about: Integrate with a new platform, etc
-
---
-
-## New plugin motivation
-
-<!-- Describe the reasons to create a new plugin and why it's not covered by the existing ones. -->
-
-## Third-party documentation
-
-<!-- Provide explanation and documentation links for the platform to integrate with. -->
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: New plugin suggestion
+description: Integrate with a new platform, etc
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: New plugin motivation
+      description: Describe the reasons to create a new plugin and why it's not covered by the existing ones.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+
+  - type: textarea
+    attributes:
+      label: Third-party documentation
+      description: Provide explanation and documentation links for the platform to integrate with.
+    validations:
+      required: true
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-base: app0ZOxG0FnHmOiuU
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: Release
+"on":
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - next
+      - beta
+      - "*.x"
+permissions:
+  contents: read # for checkout
+jobs:
+  release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # to be able to publish a GitHub release
+      issues: write # to be able to comment on released issues
+      pull-requests: write # to be able to comment on released pull requests
+      id-token: write # to enable use of OIDC for npm provenance
+    name: release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f43a0e5ff2bd294095638e18286ca9a3d1956744 # v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@5e21ff4d9bc1a8cf6de233a3057d20ec6b3fb69d # v3
+        with:
+          cache: npm
+          node-version: lts/*
+      - run: npm clean-install
+      - run: npm audit signatures
+      # pinned version updated automatically by Renovate.
+      # details at https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/installation#global-installation
+      - run: npx semantic-release@21.0.2
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SEMANTIC_RELEASE_BOT_NPM_TOKEN }}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: OpenSSF Scorecard
+"on":
+  schedule:
+    - cron: 31 2 * * 1
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+permissions: read-all
+jobs:
+  analysis:
+    name: Scorecard analysis
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      security-events: write
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@f43a0e5ff2bd294095638e18286ca9a3d1956744 # v3.6.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Run analysis
+        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@08b4669551908b1024bb425080c797723083c031 # v2.2.0
+        with:
+          results_file: results.sarif
+          results_format: sarif
+          publish_results: true
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@0b7f8abb1508181956e8e162db84b466c27e18ce # v3.1.2
+        with:
+          name: SARIF file
+          path: results.sarif
+          retention-days: 5
+      - name: Upload to code-scanning
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@00e563ead9f72a8461b24876bee2d0c2e8bd2ee8 # v2.21.5
+        with:
+          sarif_file: results.sarif
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+name: Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      # renovate/** branches are generated by https://github.com/apps/renovate
+      - renovate/**
+
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - synchronize
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read # to fetch code (actions/checkout)
+
+jobs:
+  test_matrix:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        node-version:
+          - 18.0.0
+          - 19
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f43a0e5ff2bd294095638e18286ca9a3d1956744 # v3
+      - run: git config --global user.name github-actions
+      - run: git config --global user.email github-actions@github.com
+      - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-node@5e21ff4d9bc1a8cf6de233a3057d20ec6b3fb69d # v3
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
+          cache: npm
+      - run: npm clean-install
+      - name: Ensure dependencies are compatible with the version of node
+        run: npx ls-engines
+      - run: npm run test:ci
+
+  # separate job to set as required in branch protection,
+  # as the build names above change each time Node versions change
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test_matrix
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f43a0e5ff2bd294095638e18286ca9a3d1956744 # v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@5e21ff4d9bc1a8cf6de233a3057d20ec6b3fb69d # v3
+        with:
+          node-version: lts/*
+          cache: npm
+      - run: npm clean-install
+      - run: npm audit signatures
+      - run: npm run lint
@@ -125,9 +125,8 @@ $RECYCLE.BIN/
 # Windows shortcuts
 *.lnk

-# Lockfiles
-package-lock.json
-yarn.lock
-
 # Gitbook
 _book
+
+# Mockserver
+CertificateAuthorityCertificate.pem
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-package-lock=false
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-language: node_js
-
-services:
-  - docker
-
-node_js:
-  - 10
-  - 8
-
-# Trigger a push build on master and greenkeeper branches + PRs build on every branches
-# Avoid double build on PRs (See https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1147)
-branches:
-  only:
-    - master
-    - /^greenkeeper.*$/
-
-# Retry install on fail to avoid failing a build on network/disk/external errors
-install:
-  - travis_retry npm install
-
-script:
-  - npm run test
-
-after_success:
-  - npm run codecov
-
-jobs:
-  include:
-    - stage: release
-      node_js: lts/*
-      script:
-        - npm run semantic-release
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--install.no-lockfile true
@@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as contributo

 Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment include:

-* Using welcoming and inclusive language
-* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
-* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
-* Focusing on what is best for the community
-* Showing empathy towards other community members
+- Using welcoming and inclusive language
+- Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
+- Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
+- Focusing on what is best for the community
+- Showing empathy towards other community members

 Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:

-* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances
-* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
-* Public or private harassment
-* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission
-* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting
+- The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances
+- Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+- Public or private harassment
+- Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission
+- Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting

 ## Our Responsibilities

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 ✨ Thanks for contributing to **semantic-release**! ✨

 As a contributor, here are the guidelines we would like you to follow:
+
 - [Code of conduct](#code-of-conduct)
 - [How can I contribute?](#how-can-i-contribute)
 - [Using the issue tracker](#using-the-issue-tracker)
@@ -20,76 +21,96 @@ Help us keep **semantic-release** open and inclusive. Please read and follow our

 ### Improve documentation

-As a **semantic-release** user, you are the perfect candidate to help us improve our documentation: typo corrections, clarifications, more examples, new [recipes](docs/recipes/README.md), etc. Take a look at the [documentation issues that need help](https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3A%22help+wanted%22+label%3Adocs+).
+As a **semantic-release** user, you are the perfect candidate to help us improve our documentation: typo corrections, clarifications, more examples, new [recipes](docs/recipes), etc. Take a look at the [documentation issues that need help](https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3A%22help+wanted%22+label%3Adocs+).

 Please follow the [Documentation guidelines](#documentation).

 ### Give feedback on issues

-Some issues are created without information requested in the [Bug report guideline](#bug-report). Help make them easier to resolve by adding any relevant information.
+Some issues are created without information requested in the [Bug report guideline](#bug-report).
+Help make them easier to resolve by adding any relevant information.

-Issues with the [design label](https://github.com/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3Adesign) are meant to discuss the implementation of new features. Participating in the discussion is a good opportunity to get involved and influence the future direction of **semantic-release**.
+Issues with the [design label](https://github.com/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3Adesign) are meant to discuss the implementation of new features.
+Participating in the discussion is a good opportunity to get involved and influence the future direction of **semantic-release**.

 ### Fix bugs and implement features

-Confirmed bugs and ready-to-implement features are marked with the [help wanted label](https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3A%22help+wanted%22). Post a comment on an issue to indicate you would like to work on it and to request help from the [@semantic-release/maintainers](https://github.com/orgs/semantic-release/teams/contributors) and the community.
+Confirmed bugs and ready-to-implement features are marked with the [help wanted label](https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+user%3Asemantic-release+archived%3Afalse+label%3A%22help+wanted%22).
+Post a comment on an issue to indicate you would like to work on it and to request help from the [@semantic-release/maintainers](https://github.com/orgs/semantic-release/teams/contributors) and the community.

 ## Using the issue tracker

-The issue tracker is the channel for [bug reports](#bug-report), [features requests](#feature-request) and [submitting pull requests](#submitting-a-pull-request) only. Please use the [Support](docs/support/README.md) and [Get help](README.md#get-help) sections for support, troubleshooting and questions.
+The issue tracker is the channel for [bug reports](#bug-report), [features requests](#feature-request) and [submitting pull requests](#submitting-a-pull-request) only.
+Please use the [Support](docs/support/README.md) and [Get help](README.md#get-help) sections for support, troubleshooting and questions.

 Before opening an issue or a Pull Request, please use the [GitHub issue search](https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=user%3Asemantic-release) to make sure the bug or feature request hasn't been already reported or fixed.

 ### Bug report

-A good bug report shouldn't leave others needing to chase you for more information. Please try to be as detailed as possible in your report and fill the information requested in the [Bug report template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=bug-report.md).
+A good bug report shouldn't leave others needing to chase you for more information.
+Please try to be as detailed as possible in your report and fill the information requested in the [bug report template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=01_bug_report.md).

 ### Feature request

-Feature requests are welcome, but take a moment to find out whether your idea fits with the scope and aims of the project. It's up to you to make a strong case to convince the project's developers of the merits of this feature. Please provide as much detail and context as possible and fill the information requested in the [Feature request template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=feature-request.md).
+Feature requests are welcome, but take a moment to find out whether your idea fits with the scope and aims of the project.
+It's up to you to make a strong case to convince the project's developers of the merits of this feature.
+Please provide as much detail and context as possible and fill the information requested in the [feature request template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=02_feature_request.md).

 ### New plugin request

-[Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md) are a great way to extend **semantic-release** capabilities, integrate with other systems and support new project type. Please provide as much detail and context as possible and fill the information requested in the [New plugin request template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=plugin-request.md).
+[Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md) are a great way to extend **semantic-release** capabilities, integrate with other systems and support new project type.
+Please provide as much detail and context as possible and fill the information requested in the [plugin suggestion template](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/new?template=03_plugin_suggestion.md).

 ## Submitting a Pull Request

-Good pull requests, whether patches, improvements, or new features, are a fantastic help. They should remain focused in scope and avoid containing unrelated commits.
+Good pull requests, whether patches, improvements, or new features, are a fantastic help.
+They should remain focused in scope and avoid containing unrelated commits.

-**Please ask first** before embarking on any significant pull requests (e.g. implementing features, refactoring code), otherwise you risk spending a lot of time working on something that the project's developers might not want to merge into the project.
+**Please ask first** before embarking on any significant pull requests (e.g. implementing features, refactoring code), otherwise you risk spending a lot of time working on something that the project's maintainers might not want to merge into the project.

-If you have never created a pull request before, welcome 🎉 😄. [Here is a great tutorial](https://opensource.guide/how-to-contribute/#opening-a-pull-request) on how to send one :)
+If you have never created a pull request before, welcome 🎉 😄.
+[Here is a great tutorial](https://opensource.guide/how-to-contribute/#opening-a-pull-request) on how to send one :)

 Here is a summary of the steps to follow:

 1. [Set up the workspace](#set-up-the-workspace)
 2. If you cloned a while ago, get the latest changes from upstream and update dependencies:
+
 ```bash
 $ git checkout master
 $ git pull upstream master
 $ rm -rf node_modules
 $ npm install
 ```
+
 3. Create a new topic branch (off the main project development branch) to contain your feature, change, or fix:
+
 ```bash
 $ git checkout -b <topic-branch-name>
 ```
+
 4. Make your code changes, following the [Coding rules](#coding-rules)
 5. Push your topic branch up to your fork:
+
 ```bash
 $ git push origin <topic-branch-name>
 ```
+
 6. [Open a Pull Request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request/#creating-the-pull-request) with a clear title and description.

 **Tips**:
+
 - For ambitious tasks, open a Pull Request as soon as possible with the `[WIP]` prefix in the title, in order to get feedback and help from the community.
- [Allow semantic-release maintainers to make changes to your Pull Request branch](https://help.github.com/articles/allowing-changes-to-a-pull-request-branch-created-from-a-fork). This way, we can rebase it and make some minor changes if necessary. All changes we make will be done in new commit and we'll ask for your approval before merging them.
+- [Allow semantic-release maintainers to make changes to your Pull Request branch](https://help.github.com/articles/allowing-changes-to-a-pull-request-branch-created-from-a-fork).
+  This way, we can rebase it and make some minor changes if necessary.
+  All changes we make will be done in new commit, and we'll ask for your approval before merging them.

 ## Coding rules

 ### Source code

 To ensure consistency and quality throughout the source code, all code modifications must have:
+
 - No [linting](#lint) errors
 - A [test](#tests) for every possible case introduced by your code change
 - **100%** test coverage
@@ -100,6 +121,7 @@ To ensure consistency and quality throughout the source code, all code modificat
 ### Documentation

 To ensure consistency and quality, all documentation modifications must:
+
 - Refer to brand in [bold](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#styling-text) with proper capitalization, i.e. **GitHub**, **semantic-release**, **npm**
 - Prefer [tables](https://help.github.com/articles/organizing-information-with-tables) over [lists](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#lists) when listing key values, i.e. List of options with their description
 - Use [links](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#links) when you are referring to:
@@ -107,11 +129,11 @@ To ensure consistency and quality, all documentation modifications must:
  - a third-party product/brand/service, i.e. Integrate with [GitHub](https://github.com)
  - an external concept or feature, i.e. Create a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases)
  - a package or module, i.e. The [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) module
- Use the the [single backtick `code` quoting](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#quoting-code) for:
+- Use the [single backtick `code` quoting](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#quoting-code) for:
  - commands inside sentences, i.e. the `semantic-release` command
  - programming language keywords, i.e. `function`, `async`, `String`
  - packages or modules, i.e. The [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) module
- Use the the [triple backtick `code` formatting](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-and-highlighting-code-blocks) for:
+- Use the [triple backtick `code` formatting](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-and-highlighting-code-blocks) for:
  - code examples
  - configuration examples
  - sequence of command lines
@@ -121,6 +143,7 @@ To ensure consistency and quality, all documentation modifications must:
 #### Atomic commits

 If possible, make [atomic commits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_commit), which means:
+
 - a commit should contain exactly one self-contained functional change
 - a functional change should be contained in exactly one commit
 - a commit should not create an inconsistent state (such as test errors, linting errors, partial fix, feature with documentation etc...)
@@ -129,7 +152,8 @@ A complex feature can be broken down into multiple commits as long as each one m

 #### Commit message format

-Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body** and a **footer**. The header has a special format that includes a **type**, a **scope** and a **subject**:
+Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body** and a **footer**.
+The header has a special format that includes a **type**, a **scope** and a **subject**:

 ```commit
 <type>(<scope>): <subject>
@@ -145,14 +169,15 @@ The **footer** can contain a [closing reference to an issue](https://help.github

 #### Revert

-If the commit reverts a previous commit, it should begin with `revert: `, followed by the header of the reverted commit. In the body it should say: `This reverts commit <hash>.`, where the hash is the SHA of the commit being reverted.
+If the commit reverts a previous commit, it should begin with `revert: `, followed by the header of the reverted commit.
+In the body it should say: `This reverts commit <hash>.`, where the hash is the SHA of the commit being reverted.

 #### Type

 The type must be one of the following:

 | Type         | Description                                                                                                 |
-|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | **build**    | Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies (example scopes: gulp, broccoli, npm)         |
 | **ci**       | Changes to our CI configuration files and scripts (example scopes: Travis, Circle, BrowserStack, SauceLabs) |
 | **docs**     | Documentation only changes                                                                                  |
@@ -172,28 +197,31 @@ The subject contains succinct description of the change:
 - no dot (.) at the end

 #### Body
+
 Just as in the **subject**, use the imperative, present tense: "change" not "changed" nor "changes".
 The body should include the motivation for the change and contrast this with previous behavior.

 #### Footer
+
 The footer should contain any information about **Breaking Changes** and is also the place to reference GitHub issues that this commit **Closes**.

-**Breaking Changes** should start with the word `BREAKING CHANGE:` with a space or two newlines. The rest of the commit message is then used for this.
+**Breaking Changes** should start with the word `BREAKING CHANGE:` with a space or two newlines.
+The rest of the commit message is then used for this.

 #### Examples

 ```commit
-`fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied`
+fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied
 ```

 ```commit
-`feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option`
+feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option

 Fix #42
 ```

 ```commit
-perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option`
+perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option

 BREAKING CHANGE: The graphiteWidth option has been removed.

@@ -219,12 +247,14 @@ $ npm install

 ### Lint

-All the [semantic-release](https://github.com/semantic-release) repositories use [XO](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo) for linting and [Prettier](https://prettier.io) for formatting. Prettier formatting will be automatically verified and fixed by XO.
+All the [semantic-release](https://github.com/semantic-release) repositories use [XO](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo) for linting and [Prettier](https://prettier.io) for formatting.
+Prettier formatting will be automatically verified and fixed by XO.

 Before pushing your code changes make sure there are no linting errors with `npm run lint`.

 **Tips**:
- Most linting errors can be automatically fixed with `npm run lint --fix`.
+
+- Most linting errors can be automatically fixed with `npm run lint -- --fix`.
 - Install the [XO plugin](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo#editor-plugins) for your editor to see linting errors directly in your editor and automatically fix them on save.

 ### Tests
@@ -240,6 +270,7 @@ $ npm run test
 ```

 **Tips:** During development you can:
+
 - run only a subset of test files with `ava <glob>`, for example `ava test/mytestfile.test.js`
 - run in watch mode with `ava -w` to automatically run a test file when you modify it
 - run only the test you are working on by adding [`.only` to the test definition](https://github.com/avajs/ava#running-specific-tests)
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
 <h1 align="center" style="border-bottom: none;">📦🚀 semantic-release</h1>
 <h3 align="center">Fully automated version management and package publishing</h3>
 <p align="center">
-  <a href="https://spectrum.chat/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Join the community on Spectrum" src="https://withspectrum.github.io/badge/badge.svg">
+  <a href="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/discussions">
+    <img alt="Join the community on GitHub Discussions" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Join%20the%20community-on%20GitHub%20Discussions-blue">
  </a>
-  <a href="https://travis-ci.org/semantic-release/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Travis" src="https://img.shields.io/travis/semantic-release/semantic-release/master.svg">
+  <a href="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/actions?query=workflow%3ATest+branch%3Amaster">
+    <img alt="Build states" src="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/workflows/Test/badge.svg">
  </a>
-  <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/semantic-release/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Codecov" src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/semantic-release/semantic-release/master.svg">
-  </a>
-  <a href="https://greenkeeper.io">
-    <img alt="Greenkeeper" src="https://badges.greenkeeper.io/semantic-release/semantic-release.svg">
+  <a href="https://securityscorecards.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release">
+    <img alt="OpenSSF Scorecard" src="https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/badge">
  </a>
  <a href="#badge">
-    <img alt="semantic-release" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/%20%20%F0%9F%93%A6%F0%9F%9A%80-semantic--release-e10079.svg">
+    <img alt="semantic-release: angular" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/semantic--release-angular-e10079?logo=semantic-release">
  </a>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
@@ -24,11 +21,14 @@
  <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/semantic-release">
    <img alt="npm next version" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/semantic-release/next.svg">
  </a>
+  <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/semantic-release">
+    <img alt="npm beta version" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/semantic-release/beta.svg">
+  </a>
 </p>

-**semantic-release** automates the whole package release workflow including: determining the next version number, generating the release notes and publishing the package.
+**semantic-release** automates the whole package release workflow including: determining the next version number, generating the release notes, and publishing the package.

-This removes the immediate connection between human emotions and version numbers, strictly following the [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org) specification.
+This removes the immediate connection between human emotions and version numbers, strictly following the [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org) specification and communicating the **impact** of changes to consumers.

 > Trust us, this will change your workflow for the better. – [egghead.io](https://egghead.io/lessons/javascript-how-to-write-a-javascript-library-automating-releases-with-semantic-release)

@@ -39,47 +39,55 @@ This removes the immediate connection between human emotions and version numbers
 - New features and fixes are immediately available to users
 - Notify maintainers and users of new releases
 - Use formalized commit message convention to document changes in the codebase
- Integrate with your [continuous integration workflow](docs/recipes/README.md#ci-configurations)
+- Publish on different distribution channels (such as [npm dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)) based on git merges
+- Integrate with your [continuous integration workflow](docs/recipes/release-workflow/README.md#ci-configurations)
 - Avoid potential errors associated with manual releases
- Support any [package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md#package-managers-and-languages) via [plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
+- Support any [package managers and languages](docs/recipes/release-workflow/README.md#package-managers-and-languages) via [plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
 - Simple and reusable configuration via [shareable configurations](docs/usage/shareable-configurations.md)
+- Support for [npm package provenance](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-provenance) that promotes increased supply-chain security via signed attestations on GitHub Actions

 ## How does it work?

 ### Commit message format

-**semantic-release** uses the commit messages to determine the type of changes in the codebase. Following formalized conventions for commit messages, **semantic-release** automatically determines the next [semantic version](https://semver.org) number, generates a changelog and publishes the release.
+**semantic-release** uses the commit messages to determine the consumer impact of changes in the codebase.
+Following formalized conventions for commit messages, **semantic-release** automatically determines the next [semantic version](https://semver.org) number, generates a changelog and publishes the release.

-By default **semantic-release** uses [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines). The commit message format can be changed with the [`preset` or `config` options](docs/usage/configuration.md#options) of the [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer#options) and [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator#options) plugins.
+By default, **semantic-release** uses [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#-commit-message-format).
+The commit message format can be changed with the [`preset` or `config` options](docs/usage/configuration.md#options) of the [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer#options) and [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator#options) plugins.

-Tools such as [commitizen](https://github.com/commitizen/cz-cli), [commitlint](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/commitlint) or [semantic-git-commit-cli](https://github.com/JPeer264/node-semantic-git-commit-cli) can be used to help contributors and enforce valid commit messages.
+Tools such as [commitizen](https://github.com/commitizen/cz-cli) or [commitlint](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/commitlint) can be used to help contributors and enforce valid commit messages.

-Here is an example of the release type that will be done based on a commit messages:
+The table below shows which commit message gets you which release type when `semantic-release` runs (using the default configuration):

-| Commit message                                                                                                                                                                                   | Release type               |
-|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|
-| `fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied`                                                                                                                             | Patch Release              |
-| `feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option`                                                                                                                                                       | ~~Minor~~ Feature Release  |
-| `perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option`<br><br>`BREAKING CHANGE: The graphiteWidth option has been removed.`<br>`The default graphite width of 10mm is always used for performance reasons.` | ~~Major~~ Breaking Release |
+| Commit message                                                                                                                                                                                   | Release type                                                                                                    |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied`                                                                                                                             | ~~Patch~~ Fix Release                                                                                           |
+| `feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option`                                                                                                                                                       | ~~Minor~~ Feature Release                                                                                       |
+| `perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option`<br><br>`BREAKING CHANGE: The graphiteWidth option has been removed.`<br>`The default graphite width of 10mm is always used for performance reasons.` | ~~Major~~ Breaking Release <br /> (Note that the `BREAKING CHANGE: ` token must be in the footer of the commit) |

 ### Automation with CI

-**semantic-release** is meant to be executed on the CI environment after every successful build on the release branch. This way no human is directly involved in the release process and the releases are guaranteed to be [unromantic and unsentimental](http://sentimentalversioning.org).
+**semantic-release** is meant to be executed on the CI environment after every successful build on the release branch.
+This way no human is directly involved in the release process and the releases are guaranteed to be [unromantic and unsentimental](http://sentimentalversioning.org).

 ### Triggering a release

-For each new commits added to the release branch (i.e. `master`) with `git push` or by merging a pull request or merging from another branch, a CI build is triggered and runs the `semantic-release` command to make a release if there are codebase changes since the last release that affect the package functionalities.
+For each new commit added to one of the release branches (for example: `master`, `next`, `beta`), with `git push` or by merging a pull request or merging from another branch, a CI build is triggered and runs the `semantic-release` command to make a release if there are codebase changes since the last release that affect the package functionalities.

-If you need more control over the timing of releases you have a couple of options:
- Publish releases on a distribution channel (for example npm’s [dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)). This way you can keep control over what your users end up using by default, and you can decide when to make an automatically released version available to the stable channel, and promote it.
- Develop on a `dev` branch and merge it to the release branch (i.e. `master`) once you are ready to publish. **semantic-release** will run only on pushes to the release branch.
+**semantic-release** offers various ways to control the timing, the content and the audience of published releases.
+See example workflows in the following recipes:
+
+- [Using distribution channels](docs/recipes/release-workflow/distribution-channels.md#publishing-on-distribution-channels)
+- [Maintenance releases](docs/recipes/release-workflow/maintenance-releases.md#publishing-maintenance-releases)
+- [Pre-releases](docs/recipes/release-workflow/pre-releases.md#publishing-pre-releases)

 ### Release steps

 After running the tests, the command `semantic-release` will execute the following steps:

 | Step              | Description                                                                                                                     |
-|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | Verify Conditions | Verify all the conditions to proceed with the release.                                                                          |
 | Get last release  | Obtain the commit corresponding to the last release by analyzing [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). |
 | Analyze commits   | Determine the type of release based on the commits added since the last release.                                                |
@@ -90,6 +98,15 @@ After running the tests, the command `semantic-release` will execute the followi
 | Publish           | Publish the release.                                                                                                            |
 | Notify            | Notify of new releases or errors.                                                                                               |

+## Requirements
+
+In order to use **semantic-release** you need:
+
+- To host your code in a [Git repository](https://git-scm.com)
+- Use a Continuous Integration service that allows you to [securely set up credentials](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication)
+- A Git CLI version that meets [our version requirement](docs/support/git-version.md) installed in your Continuous Integration environment
+- A [Node.js](https://nodejs.org) version that meets [our version requirement](docs/support/node-version.md) installed in your Continuous Integration environment
+
 ## Documentation

 - Usage
@@ -98,17 +115,19 @@ After running the tests, the command `semantic-release` will execute the followi
  - [CI Configuration](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
  - [Configuration](docs/usage/configuration.md#configuration)
  - [Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
+  - [Workflow configuration](docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md)
  - [Shareable configurations](docs/usage/shareable-configurations.md)
 - Extending
  - [Plugins](docs/extending/plugins-list.md)
  - [Shareable configuration](docs/extending/shareable-configurations-list.md)
 - Recipes
-  - [CI configurations](docs/recipes/README.md)
-  - [Package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md)
+  - [CI configurations](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/README.md)
+  - [Git hosted services](docs/recipes/git-hosted-services/README.md)
+  - [Release workflow](docs/recipes/release-workflow/README.md)
 - Developer guide
  - [JavaScript API](docs/developer-guide/js-api.md)
-  - [Plugins](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
-  - [Shareable configuration](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
+  - [Plugins development](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
+  - [Shareable configuration development](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
 - Support
  - [Resources](docs/support/resources.md)
  - [Frequently Asked Questions](docs/support/FAQ.md)
@@ -118,25 +137,31 @@ After running the tests, the command `semantic-release` will execute the followi

 ## Get help

+- [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/discussions)
 - [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/semantic-release)
- [Spectrum community](https://spectrum.chat/semantic-release)
 - [Twitter](https://twitter.com/SemanticRelease)

 ## Badge

-Let people know that your package is published using **semantic-release** by including this badge in your readme.
+Let people know that your package is published using **semantic-release** and which [commit-convention](#commit-message-format) is followed by including this badge in your readme.

-[![semantic-release](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20%20%F0%9F%93%A6%F0%9F%9A%80-semantic--release-e10079.svg)](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release)
+[![semantic-release: angular](https://img.shields.io/badge/semantic--release-angular-e10079?logo=semantic-release)](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release)

 ```md
-[![semantic-release](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20%20%F0%9F%93%A6%F0%9F%9A%80-semantic--release-e10079.svg)](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release)
+[![semantic-release: angular](https://img.shields.io/badge/semantic--release-angular-e10079?logo=semantic-release)](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release)
 ```

 ## Team

-| [![Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann.png?size=100)](https://github.com/boennemann) | [![Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/relekang) | [![Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jo) | [![Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m.png?size=100)](https://github.com/gr2m) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/finnp.png?size=100)](https://github.com/finnp) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg.png?size=100)](https://github.com/pvdlg) | [![Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko.png?size=100)](https://github.com/christophwitzko) |
-|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| [Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann)                                                | [Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang)                                              | [Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo)                                        | [Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m)                                          | [Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp)                                                     | [Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg)                                           | [Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko)                                                     |
+| [![Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m.png?size=100)](https://github.com/gr2m) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg.png?size=100)](https://github.com/pvdlg) | [![Matt Travi](https://github.com/travi.png?size=100)](https://github.com/travi) |
+| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m)                                          | [Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg)                                           | [Matt Travi](https://github.com/travi)                                           |
+
+## Alumni
+
+| [![Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann.png?size=100)](https://github.com/boennemann) | [![Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/relekang) | [![Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jo) | [![Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp.png?size=100)](https://github.com/finnp) | [![Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko.png?size=100)](https://github.com/christophwitzko) |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann)                                                | [Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang)                                              | [Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo)                                        | [Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp)                                           | [Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko)                                                     |

 <p align="center">
  <img alt="Kill all humans" src="media/bender.png">
@@ -1,34 +1,46 @@
 # Summary

 ## Usage
- [Installation](docs/usage/installation.md#installation)
- [CI Configuration](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
- [Configuration](docs/usage/configuration.md#configuration)
+
+- [Getting started](docs/usage/getting-started.md#getting-started)
+- [Installation](docs/usage/installation.md)
+- [CI Configuration](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md)
+- [Configuration](docs/usage/configuration.md)
 - [Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
+- [Workflow configuration](docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md)
 - [Shareable configurations](docs/usage/shareable-configurations.md)

 ## Extending
+
 - [Plugins](docs/extending/plugins-list.md)
 - [Shareable configuration](docs/extending/shareable-configurations-list.md)

 ## Recipes
- [CI configurations](docs/recipes/README.md)
-	- [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](docs/recipes/circleci-workflows.md)
-	- [Travis CI](docs/recipes/travis.md)
-	- [Travis CI with build stages](docs/recipes/travis-build-stages.md)
-	- [GitLab CI](docs/recipes/gitlab-ci.md)
- [Git hosted services](docs/recipes/README.md)
-	- [Git authentication with SSH keys](docs/recipes/git-auth-ssh-keys.md)
- [Package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md)
+
+- [CI configurations](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/README.md)
+  - [CircleCI 2.0](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/circleci-workflows.md)
+  - [Travis CI](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/travis.md)
+  - [GitLab CI](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/gitlab-ci.md)
+  - [GitHub Actions](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/github-actions.md)
+  - [Jenkins CI](docs/recipes/ci-configurations/jenkins-ci.md)
+- [Git hosted services](docs/recipes/git-hosted-services/README.md)
+  - [Git authentication with SSH keys](docs/recipes/git-hosted-services/git-auth-ssh-keys.md)
+- [Release Workflow](docs/recipes/release-workflow/README.md)
+  - [Publishing on distribution channels](docs/recipes/release-workflow/distribution-channels.md)
+  - [Publishing maintenance releases](docs/recipes/release-workflow/maintenance-releases.md)
+  - [Publishing pre-releases](docs/recipes/release-workflow/pre-releases.md)

 ## Developer guide
+
 - [JavaScript API](docs/developer-guide/js-api.md)
- [Plugin](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
- [Shareable configuration](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
+- [Plugin development](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
+- [Shareable configuration development](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)

 ## Support
+
 - [Resources](docs/support/resources.md)
 - [Frequently Asked Questions](docs/support/FAQ.md)
 - [Troubleshooting](docs/support/troubleshooting.md)
 - [Node version requirement](docs/support/node-version.md)
 - [Node Support Policy](docs/support/node-support-policy.md)
+- [Git version requirement](docs/support/git-version.md)
@@ -1,46 +1,47 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node

-// Bad news: We have to write plain ES5 in this file
-// Good news: It's the only file of the entire project
-
 /* eslint-disable no-var */

-var semver = require('semver');
-var execa = require('execa');
-var findVersions = require('find-versions');
-var pkg = require('../package.json');
+import semver from "semver";
+import { execa } from "execa";
+import findVersions from "find-versions";
+import cli from "../cli.js";
+import { createRequire } from "node:module";

-var MIN_GIT_VERSION = '2.0.0';
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+const { engines } = require("../package.json");
+const { satisfies, lt } = semver;

-if (!semver.satisfies(process.version, pkg.engines.node)) {
+const MIN_GIT_VERSION = "2.7.1";
+
+if (!satisfies(process.version, engines.node)) {
  console.error(
-    `[semantic-release]: node version ${pkg.engines.node} is required. Found ${process.version}.
+    `[semantic-release]: node version ${engines.node} is required. Found ${process.version}.

 See https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/blob/master/docs/support/node-version.md for more details and solutions.`
  );
  process.exit(1);
 }

-execa
-  .stdout('git', ['--version'])
-  .then(stdout => {
-    var gitVersion = findVersions(stdout)[0];
-    if (semver.lt(gitVersion, MIN_GIT_VERSION)) {
+execa("git", ["--version"])
+  .then(({ stdout }) => {
+    const gitVersion = findVersions(stdout, { loose: true })[0];
+    if (lt(gitVersion, MIN_GIT_VERSION)) {
      console.error(`[semantic-release]: Git version ${MIN_GIT_VERSION} is required. Found ${gitVersion}.`);
      process.exit(1);
    }
  })
-  .catch(error => {
+  .catch((error) => {
    console.error(`[semantic-release]: Git version ${MIN_GIT_VERSION} is required. No git binary found.`);
    console.error(error);
    process.exit(1);
  });

-// Node 8+ from this point on
-require('../cli')()
-  .then(exitCode => {
+cli()
+  .then((exitCode) => {
    process.exitCode = exitCode;
  })
-  .catch(() => {
+  .catch((error) => {
+    console.error(error);
    process.exitCode = 1;
  });
@@ -1,62 +1,62 @@
-const {argv, env, stderr} = require('process'); // eslint-disable-line node/prefer-global/process
-const util = require('util');
-const hideSensitive = require('./lib/hide-sensitive');
+import util from "node:util";
+import yargs from "yargs";
+import { hideBin } from "yargs/helpers";
+import hideSensitive from "./lib/hide-sensitive.js";

 const stringList = {
-  type: 'string',
+  type: "string",
  array: true,
-  coerce: values =>
-    values.length === 1 && values[0].trim() === 'false'
+  coerce: (values) =>
+    values.length === 1 && values[0].trim() === "false"
      ? []
-      : values.reduce((values, value) => values.concat(value.split(',').map(value => value.trim())), []),
+      : values.reduce((values, value) => values.concat(value.split(",").map((value) => value.trim())), []),
 };

-module.exports = async () => {
-  const cli = require('yargs')
-    .command('$0', 'Run automated package publishing', yargs => {
+export default async () => {
+  const cli = yargs(hideBin(process.argv))
+    .command("$0", "Run automated package publishing", (yargs) => {
      yargs.demandCommand(0, 0).usage(`Run automated package publishing

 Usage:
  semantic-release [options] [plugins]`);
    })
-    .option('b', {alias: 'branch', describe: 'Git branch to release from', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('r', {alias: 'repository-url', describe: 'Git repository URL', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('t', {alias: 'tag-format', describe: 'Git tag format', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('p', {alias: 'plugins', describe: 'Plugins', ...stringList, group: 'Options'})
-    .option('e', {alias: 'extends', describe: 'Shareable configurations', ...stringList, group: 'Options'})
-    .option('ci', {describe: 'Toggle CI verifications', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('verify-conditions', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('analyze-commits', {type: 'string', group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('verify-release', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('generate-notes', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('prepare', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('publish', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('success', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('fail', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('debug', {describe: 'Output debugging information', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('d', {alias: 'dry-run', describe: 'Skip publishing', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('h', {alias: 'help', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('v', {alias: 'version', group: 'Options'})
+    .option("b", { alias: "branches", describe: "Git branches to release from", ...stringList, group: "Options" })
+    .option("r", { alias: "repository-url", describe: "Git repository URL", type: "string", group: "Options" })
+    .option("t", { alias: "tag-format", describe: "Git tag format", type: "string", group: "Options" })
+    .option("p", { alias: "plugins", describe: "Plugins", ...stringList, group: "Options" })
+    .option("e", { alias: "extends", describe: "Shareable configurations", ...stringList, group: "Options" })
+    .option("ci", { describe: "Toggle CI verifications", type: "boolean", group: "Options" })
+    .option("verify-conditions", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("analyze-commits", { type: "string", group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("verify-release", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("generate-notes", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("prepare", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("publish", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("success", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("fail", { ...stringList, group: "Plugins" })
+    .option("debug", { describe: "Output debugging information", type: "boolean", group: "Options" })
+    .option("d", { alias: "dry-run", describe: "Skip publishing", type: "boolean", group: "Options" })
+    .option("h", { alias: "help", group: "Options" })
    .strict(false)
    .exitProcess(false);

  try {
-    const {help, version, ...opts} = cli.parse(argv.slice(2));
+    const { help, version, ...options } = cli.parse(process.argv.slice(2));

    if (Boolean(help) || Boolean(version)) {
      return 0;
    }

-    if (opts.debug) {
+    if (options.debug) {
      // Debug must be enabled before other requires in order to work
-      require('debug').enable('semantic-release:*');
+      (await import("debug")).default.enable("semantic-release:*");
    }

-    await require('.')(opts);
+    await (await import("./index.js")).default(options);
    return 0;
  } catch (error) {
-    if (error.name !== 'YError') {
-      stderr.write(hideSensitive(env)(util.inspect(error, {colors: true})));
+    if (error.name !== "YError") {
+      process.stderr.write(hideSensitive(process.env)(util.inspect(error, { colors: true })));
    }

    return 1;
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # semantic-release documentation

 - [Usage](usage/README.md) - **semantic-release** installation and configuration
- [Extending](extending/README.md)- Extending **semantic-release** with plugins and shareable configurations
- [Recipes](recipes/README.md) - Community written recipes for common **semantic-release** use-cases
+- [Extending](extending/README.md) - Extending **semantic-release** with plugins and shareable configurations
+- [Recipes](recipes/release-workflow/README.md) - Community written recipes for common **semantic-release** use-cases
 - [Developer Guide](developer-guide/README.md) - The essentials of writing a **semantic-release** plugin or shareable configurations
 - [Support](support/README.md) - FAQ and troubleshooting
@@ -3,36 +3,48 @@
 ## Usage

 ```js
-const semanticRelease = require('semantic-release');
-const {WritableStreamBuffer} = require('stream-buffers');
+const semanticRelease = require("semantic-release");
+const { WritableStreamBuffer } = require("stream-buffers");

-const stdoutBuffer = WritableStreamBuffer();
-const stderrBuffer = WritableStreamBuffer();
+const stdoutBuffer = new WritableStreamBuffer();
+const stderrBuffer = new WritableStreamBuffer();

 try {
-  const result = await semanticRelease({
-    // Core options
-    branch: 'master',
-    repositoryUrl: 'https://github.com/me/my-package.git',
-    // Shareable config
-    extends: 'my-shareable-config',
-    // Plugin options
-    githubUrl: 'https://my-ghe.com',
-    githubApiPathPrefix: '/api-prefix'
-  }, {
-    // Run semantic-release from `/path/to/git/repo/root` without having to change local process `cwd` with `process.chdir()`
-    cwd: '/path/to/git/repo/root',
-    // Pass the variable `MY_ENV_VAR` to semantic-release without having to modify the local `process.env`
-    env: {...process.env, MY_ENV_VAR: 'MY_ENV_VAR_VALUE'},
-    // Store stdout and stderr to use later instead of writing to `process.stdout` and `process.stderr`
-    stdout: stdoutBuffer,
-    stderr: stderrBuffer
-  });
+  const result = await semanticRelease(
+    {
+      // Core options
+      branches: [
+        "+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x",
+        "master",
+        "next",
+        "next-major",
+        { name: "beta", prerelease: true },
+        { name: "alpha", prerelease: true },
+      ],
+      repositoryUrl: "https://github.com/me/my-package.git",
+      // Shareable config
+      extends: "my-shareable-config",
+      // Plugin options
+      githubUrl: "https://my-ghe.com",
+      githubApiPathPrefix: "/api-prefix",
+    },
+    {
+      // Run semantic-release from `/path/to/git/repo/root` without having to change local process `cwd` with `process.chdir()`
+      cwd: "/path/to/git/repo/root",
+      // Pass the variable `MY_ENV_VAR` to semantic-release without having to modify the local `process.env`
+      env: { ...process.env, MY_ENV_VAR: "MY_ENV_VAR_VALUE" },
+      // Store stdout and stderr to use later instead of writing to `process.stdout` and `process.stderr`
+      stdout: stdoutBuffer,
+      stderr: stderrBuffer,
+    }
+  );

  if (result) {
-    const {lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases} = result;
+    const { lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases } = result;

-    console.log(`Published ${nextRelease.type} release version ${nextRelease.version} containing ${commits.length} commits.`);
+    console.log(
+      `Published ${nextRelease.type} release version ${nextRelease.version} containing ${commits.length} commits.`
+    );

    if (lastRelease.version) {
      console.log(`The last release was "${lastRelease.version}".`);
@@ -42,14 +54,14 @@ try {
      console.log(`The release was published with plugin "${release.pluginName}".`);
    }
  } else {
-    console.log('No release published.');
+    console.log("No release published.");
  }

  // Get stdout and stderr content
-  const logs = stdoutBuffer.getContentsAsString('utf8');
-  const errors = stderrBuffer.getContentsAsString('utf8');
+  const logs = stdoutBuffer.getContentsAsString("utf8");
+  const errors = stderrBuffer.getContentsAsString("utf8");
 } catch (err) {
-  console.error('The automated release failed with %O', err)
+  console.error("The automated release failed with %O", err);
 }
 ```

@@ -123,20 +135,23 @@ Type: `Object`

 Information related to the last release found:

-| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                        |
-|---------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| version | `String` | The version of the last release.                                                                   |
-| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the last release.                                         |
-| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the last release. |
+| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                                                         |
+| ------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| version | `String` | The version of the last release.                                                                                                    |
+| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the last release.                                                                          |
+| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the last release.                                  |
+| channel | `String` | The distribution channel on which the last release was initially made available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |

-**Notes**: If no previous release is found, `lastRelease` will be an empty `Object`.
+**Note**: If no previous release is found, `lastRelease` will be an empty `Object`.

 Example:
+
 ```js
 {
  gitHead: 'da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709',
  version: '1.0.0',
  gitTag: 'v1.0.0',
+  channel: 'next'
 }
 ```

@@ -148,7 +163,7 @@ The list of commit included in the new release.<br>
 Each commit object has the following properties:

 | Name            | Type     | Description                                     |
-|-----------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------|
+| --------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
 | commit          | `Object` | The commit abbreviated and full hash.           |
 | commit.long     | `String` | The commit hash.                                |
 | commit.short    | `String` | The commit abbreviated hash.                    |
@@ -170,6 +185,7 @@ Each commit object has the following properties:
 | committerDate   | `String` | The committer date.                             |

 Example:
+
 ```js
 [
  {
@@ -206,15 +222,17 @@ Type: `Object`

 Information related to the newly published release:

-| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                       |
-|---------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| type    | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).               |
-| version | `String` | The version of the new release.                                                                   |
-| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the new release.                                         |
-| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the new release. |
-| notes   | `String` | The release notes for the new release.                                                            |
+| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                                                   |
+| ------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| type    | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).                                           |
+| version | `String` | The version of the new release.                                                                                               |
+| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the new release.                                                                     |
+| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the new release.                             |
+| notes   | `String` | The release notes for the new release.                                                                                        |
+| channel | `String` | The distribution channel on which the next release will be made available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |

 Example:
+
 ```js
 {
  type: 'minor',
@@ -222,6 +240,7 @@ Example:
  version: '1.1.0',
  gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
  notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
+  channel : 'next'
 }
 ```

@@ -229,21 +248,23 @@ Example:

 Type: `Array<Object>`

-The list of releases published, one release per [publish plugin](../usage/plugins.md#publish-plugin).<br>
+The list of releases published or made available to a distribution channel.<br>
 Each release object has the following properties:

-| Name       | Type     | Description                                                                                   |
-|------------|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| name       | `String` | **Optional.** The release name, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.            |
-| url        | `String` | **Optional.** The release URL, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.             |
-| type       | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).           |
-| version    | `String` | The version of the release.                                                                   |
-| gitHead    | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the release.                                         |
-| gitTag     | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the release. |
-| notes      | `String` | The release notes for the release.                                                            |
-| pluginName | `String` | The name of the plugin that published the release.                                            |
+| Name       | Type     | Description                                                                                                    |
+| ---------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| name       | `String` | **Optional.** The release name, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.                             |
+| url        | `String` | **Optional.** The release URL, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.                              |
+| type       | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).                            |
+| version    | `String` | The version of the release.                                                                                    |
+| gitHead    | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the release.                                                          |
+| gitTag     | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the release.                  |
+| notes      | `String` | The release notes for the release.                                                                             |
+| pluginName | `String` | The name of the plugin that published the release.                                                             |
+| channel    | `String` | The distribution channel on which the release is available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |

 Example:
+
 ```js
 [
  {
@@ -255,6 +276,7 @@ Example:
    gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
    notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
    pluginName: '@semantic-release/github'
+    channel: 'next'
  },
  {
    name: 'npm package (@latest dist-tag)',
@@ -265,6 +287,7 @@ Example:
    gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
    notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
    pluginName: '@semantic-release/npm'
+    channel: 'next'
   }
 ]
 ```
@@ -1 +1,284 @@
-# Plugin developer guide
+# Plugin Developer Guide
+
+To create a plugin for `semantic-release`, you need to decide which parts of the release lifecycle are important to that plugin. For example, it is best to always have a `verifyConditions` step because you may be receiving inputs from a user and want to make sure they exist. A plugin can abide by any of the following lifecycles:
+
+- `verifyConditions`
+- `analyzeCommits`
+- `verifyRelease`
+- `generateNotes`
+- `addChannel`
+- `prepare`
+- `publish`
+- `success`
+- `fail`
+
+`semantic-release` will require the plugin via `node` and look through the required object for methods named like the lifecycles stated above. For example, if your plugin only had a `verifyConditions` and `success` step, the `main` file for your object would need to `export` an object with `verifyConditions` and `success` functions.
+
+In addition to the lifecycle methods, each lifecycle is passed two objects:
+
+1. `pluginConfig` - an object containing the options that a user may pass in via their `release.config.js` file (or similar)
+2. `context` - provided by `semantic-release` for access to things like `env` variables set on the running process.
+
+For each lifecycle you create, you will want to ensure it can accept `pluginConfig` and `context` as parameters.
+
+## Creating a Plugin Project
+
+It is recommended that you generate a new project with `yarn init`. This will provide you with a basic node project to get started with. From there, create an `index.js` file, and make sure it is specified as the `main` in the `package.json`. We will use this file to orchestrate the lifecycle methods later on.
+
+Next, create a `src` or `lib` folder in the root of the project. This is where we will store our logic and code for how our lifecycle methods work. Finally, create a `test` folder so you can write tests related to your logic.
+
+We recommend you setup a linting system to ensure good javascript practices are enforced. ESLint is usually the system of choice, and the configuration can be whatever you or your team fancies.
+
+## Exposing Lifecycle Methods
+
+In your `index.js` file, you can start by writing the following code
+
+```javascript
+const verify = require("./src/verify");
+
+let verified;
+
+/**
+ * Called by semantic-release during the verification step
+ * @param {*} pluginConfig The semantic-release plugin config
+ * @param {*} context The context provided by semantic-release
+ */
+async function verifyConditions(pluginConfig, context) {
+  await verify(pluginConfig, context);
+  verified = true;
+}
+
+module.exports = { verifyConditions };
+```
+
+Then, in your `src` folder, create a file called `verify.js` and add the following
+
+```javascript
+const AggregateError = require("aggregate-error");
+
+/**
+ * A method to verify that the user has given us a slack webhook url to post to
+ */
+module.exports = async (pluginConfig, context) => {
+  const { logger } = context;
+  const errors = [];
+
+  // Throw any errors we accumulated during the validation
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+};
+```
+
+As of right now, this code won't do anything. However, if you were to run this plugin via `semantic-release`, it would run when the `verify` step occurred.
+
+Following this structure, you can create different steps and checks to run through out the release process.
+
+## Supporting Options
+
+Let's say we want to verify that an `option` is passed. An `option` is a configuration object that is specific to your plugin. For example, the user may set an `option` in their release config like:
+
+```js
+{
+  prepare: {
+    path: "@semantic-release/my-special-plugin";
+    message: "My cool release message";
+  }
+}
+```
+
+This `message` option will be passed to the `pluginConfig` object mentioned earlier. We can use the validation method we created to verify this option exists so we can perform logic based on that knowledge. In our `verify` file, we can add the following:
+
+```js
+const { message } = pluginConfig;
+
+if (message.length) {
+  //...
+}
+```
+
+## Context
+
+### Common context keys
+
+- `stdout`
+- `stderr`
+- `logger`
+
+### Context object keys by lifecycle
+
+#### verifyConditions
+
+Initially the context object contains the following keys (`verifyConditions` lifecycle):
+
+- `cwd`
+  - Current working directory
+- `env`
+  - Environment variables
+- `envCi`
+  - Information about CI environment
+  - Contains (at least) the following keys:
+    - `isCi`
+      - Boolean, true if the environment is a CI environment
+    - `commit`
+      - Commit hash
+    - `branch`
+      - Current branch
+- `options`
+  - Options passed to `semantic-release` via CLI, configuration files etc.
+- `branch`
+  - Information on the current branch
+  - Object keys:
+    - `channel`
+    - `tags`
+    - `type`
+    - `name`
+    - `range`
+    - `accept`
+    - `main`
+- `branches`
+  - Information on branches
+  - List of branch objects (see above)
+
+#### analyzeCommits
+
+Compared to the verifyConditions, `analyzeCommits` lifecycle context has keys
+
+- `commits` (List)
+  - List of commits taken into account when determining the new version.
+  - Keys:
+    - `commit` (Object)
+      - Keys:
+        - `long` (String, Commit hash)
+        - `short` (String, Commit hash)
+    - `tree` (Object)
+      - Keys:
+        - `long` (String, Commit hash)
+        - `short` (String, Commit hash)
+    - `author` (Object)
+      - Keys:
+        - `name` (String)
+        - `email` (String)
+        - `date` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    - `committer` (Object)
+      - Keys:
+        - `name` (String)
+        - `email` (String)
+        - `date` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    - `subject` (String, Commit message subject)
+    - `body` (String, Commit message body)
+    - `hash` (String, Commit hash)
+    - `committerDate` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    - `message` (String)
+    - `gitTags` (String, List of git tags)
+- `releases` (List)
+- `lastRelease` (Object)
+  - Keys
+    - `version` (String)
+    - `gitTag` (String)
+    - `channels` (List)
+    - `gitHead` (String, Commit hash)
+    - `name` (String)
+
+#### verifyRelease
+
+Additional keys:
+
+- `nextRelease` (Object)
+  - `type` (String)
+  - `channel` (String)
+  - `gitHead` (String, Git hash)
+  - `version` (String, version without `v`)
+  - `gitTag` (String, version with `v`)
+  - `name` (String)
+
+#### generateNotes
+
+No new content in the context.
+
+#### addChannel
+
+_This is run only if there are releases that have been merged from a higher branch but not added on the channel of the current branch._
+
+Context content is similar to lifecycle `verifyRelease`.
+
+#### prepare
+
+Only change is that `generateNotes` has populated `nextRelease.notes`.
+
+#### publish
+
+No new content in the context.
+
+#### success
+
+Lifecycles `success` and `fail` are mutually exclusive, only one of them will be run.
+
+Additional keys:
+
+- `releases`
+  - Populated by `publish` lifecycle
+
+#### fail
+
+Lifecycles `success` and `fail` are mutually exclusive, only one of them will be run.
+
+Additional keys:
+
+- `errors`
+
+### Supporting Environment Variables
+
+Similar to `options`, environment variables exist to allow users to pass tokens and set special URLs. These are set on the `context` object instead of the `pluginConfig` object. Let's say we wanted to check for `GITHUB_TOKEN` in the environment because we want to post to GitHub on the user's behalf. To do this, we can add the following to our `verify` command:
+
+```js
+const { env } = context;
+
+if (env.GITHUB_TOKEN) {
+  //...
+}
+```
+
+## Logger
+
+Use `context.logger` to provide debug logging in the plugin.
+
+```js
+const { logger } = context;
+
+logger.log('Some message from plugin.').
+```
+
+The above usage yields the following where `PLUGIN_PACKAGE_NAME` is automatically inferred.
+
+```
+[3:24:04 PM] [semantic-release] [PLUGIN_PACKAGE_NAME] › ℹ  Some message from plugin.
+```
+
+## Execution order
+
+For the lifecycles, the list at the top of the readme contains the order. If there are multiple plugins for the same lifecycle, then the order of the plugins determines the order in which they are executed.
+
+## Handling errors
+
+In order to be able to detect and handle errors properly, the errors thrown from the must be of type [SemanticReleaseError](https://github.com/semantic-release/error) or extend it as described in the package readme. This way the errors are handled properly and plugins using the `fail` lifecycle receive the errors correctly. For any other types of errors the internal error handling does nothing, lets them through up until the final catch and does not call any `fail` plugins.
+
+## Advanced
+
+Knowledge that might be useful for plugin developers.
+
+### Multiple analyzeCommits plugins
+
+While it may be trivial that multiple analyzeCommits (or any lifecycle plugins) can be defined, it is not that self-evident that the plugins executed AFTER the first one (for example, the default one: `commit-analyzer`) can change the result. This way it is possible to create more advanced rules or situations, e.g. if none of the commits would result in new release, then a default can be defined.
+
+The commit must be a known release type, for example the commit-analyzer has the following default types:
+
+- major
+- premajor
+- minor
+- preminor
+- patch
+- prepatch
+- prerelease
+
+If the analyzeCommits-lifecycle plugin does not return anything, then the earlier result is used, but if it returns a supported string value, then that overrides the previous result.
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Plugins list

 ## Official plugins
+
 - [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer)
  - **Note**: this is already part of semantic-release and does not have to be installed separately
  - `analyzeCommits`: Determine the type of release by analyzing commits with [conventional-changelog](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog)
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@
  - `publish`: Publish the package on the npm registry
 - [@semantic-release/gitlab](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the GitLab authentication and release configuration
-  - `publish`: Publish a [GitLab release](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/workflow/releases.html)
+  - `publish`: Publish a [GitLab release](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/releases/)
 - [@semantic-release/git](https://github.com/semantic-release/git)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the Git authentication and release configuration
  - `prepare`: Push a release commit and tag, including configurable files
@@ -52,11 +53,15 @@
 - [semantic-release-docker](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-docker)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the Docker registry.
  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to Docker Hub and update the latest tag
+- [@semantic-release-plus/docker](https://github.com/semantic-release-plus/semantic-release-plus/tree/master/packages/plugins/docker)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the configured docker registry.
+  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version and channel and push it to the configured docker registry.
+  - `addChannel`: Updates a release published on one channel with the destinations channel tag and pushes to the registry i.e.: next to latest.
 - [semantic-release-gcr](https://github.com/carlos-cubas/semantic-release-gcr)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the Docker registry
  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to Docker Hub and update the latest tag
 - [semantic-release-vsce](https://github.com/raix/semantic-release-vsce)
-  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the vsce authentication and release configuration
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the "VS Code extension" authentication and release configuration
  - `prepare`: Create a `.vsix` for distribution
  - `publish`: Publish the package to the Visual Studio Code marketplace
 - [semantic-release-verify-deps](https://github.com/piercus/semantic-release-verify-deps)
@@ -65,10 +70,10 @@
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the authentication (set via environment variables)
  - `prepare`: Write the correct version to the `manifest.json` and creates a zip file of the whole dist folder
  - `publish`: Uploads the generated zip file to the webstore, and publish the item
- [semantic-release-firefox](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-firefox)
-  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the authentication (set via environment variables)
-  - `prepare`: Write the correct version to the `manifest.json`, creates a `xpi` file of the dist folder and a zip of the sources
-  - `publish`: Submit the generated archives to the webstore for review, and publish the item including release notes
+- [semantic-release-firefox-add-on](https://github.com/tophat/semantic-release-firefox-add-on)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all required options are present and authentication is set via environment variables
+  - `prepare`: Write the correct version to the `manifest.json`
+  - `publish`: Creates an unsigned `.xpi` file, and submits it to the Mozilla Add On store for signing. Once the package is signed, downloads the signed `.xpi` to a local directory
 - [semantic-release-gerrit](https://github.com/pascalMN/semantic-release-gerrit)
  - `generateNotes`: Generate release notes with Gerrit reviews URL
 - [semantic-release-expo](https://github.com/bycedric/semantic-release-expo)
@@ -80,7 +85,7 @@
  - `prepare`: Changes the version number in the `pom.xml` (or all `pom.xml` files in maven projects with multiple `pom.xml` files) and optionally creates a commit with this version number and pushes it to `master`
  - `publish`: Runs `mvn deploy` to deploy to maven central and optionally will update to next snapshot version and merge changes to development branch
 - [semantic-release-ado](https://github.com/lluchmk/semantic-release-ado)
-  - `prepare`: Stores the version number as an Azure DevOps pipeline variable availabe to downstream steps on the job
+  - `prepare`: Stores the version number as an Azure DevOps pipeline variable available to downstream steps on the job
 - [gradle-semantic-release](https://github.com/KengoTODA/gradle-semantic-release-plugin)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that project has a Gradle wrapper script, and `build.gradle` contains a task to publish artifacts.
  - `prepare`: Changes the version number in the `gradle.properties`
@@ -91,3 +96,89 @@
 - [semantic-release-github-pages](https://github.com/qiwi/semantic-release-gh-pages-plugin)
  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the auth token set via environment variables.
  - `publish`: Pushes commit to the documentation branch.
+- [semantic-release-github-pullrequest](https://github.com/asbiin/semantic-release-github-pullrequest)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the GitHub authentication and other configuration.
+  - `publish`: Create a branch to upload all assets and create the pull request on the base branch on GitHub.
+- [leiningen-semantic-release](https://github.com/NoxHarmonium/leiningen-semantic-release)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Checks the project.clj is syntactically valid.
+  - `prepare`: Update the project.clj version and package the output jar file.
+  - `publish`: Publish the jar (and generated Maven metadata) to a maven repository (or clojars).
+- [@saithodev/semantic-release-gitea](https://github.com/saitho/semantic-release-gitea)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the authentication and the assets option configuration.
+  - `publish`: Publish a Gitea release, optionally uploading file assets.
+  - `addChannel`: Update a Gitea release's pre-release field.
+- [semantic-release-replace-plugin](https://github.com/jpoehnelt/semantic-release-replace-plugin)
+  - `prepare`: Replace version strings in files using regex and glob.
+- [semantic-release-rubygem](https://github.com/Gusto/semantic-release-rubygem)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Locate and validate a `.gemspec` file, locate and validate a `lib/**/version.rb` file, verify the presence of the `GEM_HOST_API_KEY` environment variable, and create a credentials file with the API key.
+  - `prepare`: Update the version in the `lib/**/version.rb` version file and [build](https://guides.rubygems.org/command-reference/#gem-build) the gem.
+  - `publish`: [Push the Ruby gem](https://guides.rubygems.org/command-reference/#gem-push) to the gem server.
+- [semantic-release-npm-deprecate-old-versions](https://github.com/ghusse/semantic-release-npm-deprecate-old-versions)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validates configuration.
+  - `publish`: Deprecates old versions, based on the declaration of supported versions in the config.
+- [amanda-mitchell/semantic-release-npm-multiple](https://github.com/amanda-mitchell/semantic-release-npm-multiple)
+  - **Note**: this is a thin wrapper around the built-in npm plugin that can target multiple registries
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the npm authentication and release configuration for multiple registries
+  - `prepare`: Update the package.json version and create the npm package tarball
+  - `publish`: Publish the package on the npm registry for multiple registries
+- [semantic-release-license](https://github.com/cbhq/semantic-release-license) Automatically update dates and more in your license file for new releases.
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of a license file
+  - `prepare`: Update the license file based on its type
+- [semantic-release-pypi](https://github.com/abichinger/semantic-release-pypi)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the environment variable `PYPI_TOKEN` and installation of build tools
+  - `prepare`: Update the version in `setup.cfg` and create the distribution packages
+  - `publish`: Publish the python package to a repository (default: pypi)
+- [semantic-release-helm](https://github.com/m1pl/semantic-release-helm)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and (if present) credentials
+  - `prepare`: Update version and appVersion in `Chart.yaml`
+  - `publish`: Publish the chart to a registry (if configured)
+- [semantic-release-codeartifact](https://github.com/ryansonshine/semantic-release-codeartifact)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration, get AWS CodeArtifact authentication and repository, validate `publishConfig` or `.npmrc` (if they exist), then pass the configuration to the associated plugins.
+- [semantic-release-telegram](https://github.com/pustovitDmytro/semantic-release-telegram)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and verify `TELEGRAM_BOT_ID` and `TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN`
+  - `success`: Publish a message about the successful release to a telegram chat
+  - `fail`: publish a message about failure to a telegram chat
+- [semantic-release-heroku](https://github.com/pustovitDmytro/semantic-release-heroku)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and verify `HEROKU_API_KEY`
+  - `prepare`: Update the package.json version and create release tarball
+  - `publish`: Publish version to heroku
+- [semantic-release-mattermost](https://github.com/ttrobisch/semantic-release-mattermost)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that the webhook is setup and release-notes-generator is present.
+  - `success`: Send a message about the new release and its notes to a [mattermost](https://mattermost.com/) webhook.
+- [semantic-release-github-milestones](https://github.com/nitzano/semantic-release-github-milestones)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify github tokens are present and valid.
+  - `verifyRelease`: Display information regarding the matching github milestone.
+- [semantic-release-telegram-bot](https://github.com/skoropadas/semantic-release-telegram-bot)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and verify `TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN` and package name
+  - `success`: Publish a success message to certain telegram chats
+  - `fail`: Publish a fail message to certain telegram chats
+- [semantic-release-npm-deprecate](https://github.com/jpoehnelt/semantic-release-npm-deprecate)
+  - `publish`: Automatically mark old versions as deprecated.
+- [@eshepelyuk/semantic-release-helm-oci](https://github.com/eshepelyuk/semantic-release-helm-oci)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify plugin configuration and login to Helm registry
+  - `prepare`: Package Helm chart to local folder
+  - `publish`: Publish Helm chart to OCI registry
+- [semantic-release-space](https://github.com/123FLO321/semantic-release-space)
+  - `verifyConditions` Verifies that all required options are set.
+  - `prepare` Creates a JetBrains Space Deployment Target if it does not yet exist.
+  - `publish` Starts a JetBrains Space Deployment.
+  - `success` Marks the JetBrains Space Deployment as completed.
+  - `fail` Marks the JetBrains Space Deployment as failed.
+- [semantic-release-react-native](https://github.com/alexandermendes/semantic-release-react-native)
+  - `verifyConditions` Validate configuration.
+  - `prepare` Version native iOS and Android files.
+- [semantic-release-cargo](https://github.com/buehler/semantic-release-cargo)
+  - `verifyConditions` Validate configuration, `Cargo.toml`, and local cargo executable. Also, logs in into `crates.io`.
+  - `prepare` Write the new version number into `Cargo.toml` file and perform `cargo check` if configured.
+  - `publish` Publish the Rust crate to `crates.io`
+- [semantic-release-coralogix](https://github.com/adobe/semantic-release-coralogix)
+  - `verifyConditions` Verified that required credentials are provided and API is accessible
+  - `publish` add a release tag to Coralogix
+- [semantic-release-major-tag](https://github.com/doteric/semantic-release-major-tag)
+  - `success` Create major version tag, for example `v1`.
+- [semantic-release-yarn](https://github.com/hongaar/semantic-release-yarn)
+  - **Note**: this is an alternative to the default `@semantic-release/npm` plugin and adds support for monorepos.
+  - `verifyConditions` Verify Yarn 2 or higher is installed, verify the presence of a NPM auth token (either in an environment variable or a `.yarnrc.yml` file) and verify the authentication method is valid.
+  - `prepare` Update the `package.json` version and create the package tarball.
+  - `addChannel` Add a tag for the release.
+  - `publish` Publish to the npm registry.
@@ -1,7 +1,22 @@
 # Shareable configurations list

 ## Official configurations
+
 - [@semantic-release/apm-config](https://github.com/semantic-release/apm-config) - semantic-release shareable configuration for releasing atom packages
 - [@semantic-release/gitlab-config](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab-config) - semantic-release shareable configuration for GitLab

 ## Community configurations
+
+- [@jedmao/semantic-release-npm-github-config](https://github.com/jedmao/semantic-release-npm-github-config)
+  - Provides an informative [Git](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) commit message for the release commit that does not trigger continuous integration and conforms to the [conventional commits specification](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) (e.g., `chore(release): 1.2.3 [skip ci]\n\nnotes`).
+  - Creates a tarball that gets uploaded with each [GitHub release](https://github.com/semantic-release/github).
+  - Publishes the same tarball to [npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm).
+  - Commits the version change in `package.json`.
+  - Creates or updates a [changelog](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) file.
+- [semantic-release-npm-github-publish](https://github.com/oleg-koval/semantic-release-npm-github-publish)
+  - Based on [angular preset](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog/tree/master/packages/conventional-changelog-angular).
+  - Adds more keywords for the `chore` **PATCH** release.
+  - Generates or updates a [changelog](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) file including all **PATCH** keywords (not included in default angular package).
+  - Updates GitHub release with release-notes.
+  - Bumps a version in package.json.
+  - Publishes the new version to [NPM](https://npmjs.org).
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# Recipes
-
-## CI configurations
- [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](circleci-workflows.md)
- [Travis CI](travis.md)
- [GitLab CI](gitlab-ci.md)
-
-## Git hosted services
- [Git authentication with SSH keys](git-auth-ssh-keys.md)
-
-## Package managers and languages
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# CI configurations
+
+- [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](circleci-workflows.md)
+- [Travis CI](travis.md)
+- [GitLab CI](gitlab-ci.md)
+- [GitHub Actions](github-actions.md)
+- [Jenkins CI](jenkins-ci.md)
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [CircleCi Project Settings](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/env-vars/#adding-environment-variables-in-the-app)..
+
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).
+
+## Multiple Node jobs configuration
+
+### `.circleci/config.yml` configuration for multiple Node jobs
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with tests running against Node 16 and 14.
+See [CircleCI documentation](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0) for additional configuration options.
+
+In this example, the [`circleci/node`](https://circleci.com/developer/orbs/orb/circleci/node) orb is imported (Which makes some node operations easier), then a `release` job is defined which will run `semantic-release`.
+
+To run our `release` job, we have created a workflow named `test_and_release` which will run two jobs, `node/test`, which comes from the node orb and will test our application, and our release job.
+Here, we are actually making use of [matrix jobs](https://circleci.com/blog/circleci-matrix-jobs/) so that our single `node/test` job will actually be executed twice, once for Node version 16, and once for version 14.
+Finally, we call our release job with a `requires` parameter so that `release` will run against the latest LTS version of node, only after `node/test` has successfully tested against v14 and v16.
+
+```yaml
+version: 2.1
+orbs:
+  node: circleci/node@5.0.0
+jobs:
+  release:
+    executor: node/default
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - node/install-packages # Install and automatically cache packages
+      # Run optional required steps before releasing
+      # - run: npm run build-script
+      - run: npx semantic-release
+
+workflows:
+  test_and_release:
+    # Run the test jobs first, then the release only when all the test jobs are successful
+    jobs:
+      - node/test:
+          matrix:
+            parameters:
+              version:
+                - 16.1.0
+                - 14.17.0
+      - release:
+          requires:
+            - node/test
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [GitHub Actions](https://help.github.com/en/categories/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Secret Variables](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/encrypted-secrets).
+
+In this example a publish type [`NPM_TOKEN`](https://docs.npmjs.com/creating-and-viewing-authentication-tokens) is required to publish a package to the npm registry. GitHub Actions [automatically populate](https://help.github.com/en/articles/virtual-environments-for-github-actions#github_token-secret) a [`GITHUB_TOKEN`](https://help.github.com/en/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) environment variable which can be used in Workflows.
+
+## npm provenance
+
+Since GitHub Actions is a [supported provider](https://docs.npmjs.com/generating-provenance-statements#provenance-limitations) for [npm provenance](https://docs.npmjs.com/generating-provenance-statements), it is recommended to enable this to increase supply-chain security for your npm packages.
+Find more detail about configuring npm to publish with provenance through semantic-release [in the documentation for our npm plugin](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-provenance).
+
+## Node project configuration
+
+[GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions) support [Workflows](https://help.github.com/en/articles/configuring-workflows), allowing to run tests on multiple Node versions and publish a release only when all test pass.
+
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run on a [Node version that meets our version requirement](../../support/node-version.md).
+
+### `.github/workflows/release.yml` configuration for Node projects
+
+The following is a minimal configuration for [`semantic-release`](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release) with a build running on the latest LTS version of Node when a new commit is pushed to a `master` branch.
+See [Configuring a Workflow](https://help.github.com/en/articles/configuring-a-workflow) for additional configuration options.
+
+```yaml
+name: Release
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read # for checkout
+
+jobs:
+  release:
+    name: Release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # to be able to publish a GitHub release
+      issues: write # to be able to comment on released issues
+      pull-requests: write # to be able to comment on released pull requests
+      id-token: write # to enable use of OIDC for npm provenance
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: "lts/*"
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: npm clean-install
+      - name: Verify the integrity of provenance attestations and registry signatures for installed dependencies
+        run: npm audit signatures
+      - name: Release
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
+        run: npx semantic-release
+```
+
+## Pushing `package.json` changes to a `master` branch
+
+To keep `package.json` updated in the `master` branch, [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin can be used.
+
+**Note**: Automatically populated `GITHUB_TOKEN` cannot be used if branch protection is enabled for the target branch. It is **not** advised to mitigate this limitation by overriding an automatically populated `GITHUB_TOKEN` variable with a [Personal Access Tokens](https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line), as it poses a security risk. Since Secret Variables are available for Workflows triggered by any branch, it becomes a potential vector of attack, where a Workflow triggered from a non-protected branch can expose and use a token with elevated permissions, yielding branch protection insignificant. One can use Personal Access Tokens in trusted environments, where all developers should have the ability to perform administrative actions in the given repository and branch protection is enabled solely for convenience purposes, to remind about required reviews or CI checks.
+
+If the risk is acceptable, some extra configuration is needed. The [actions/checkout `persist-credentials`](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/checkout#usage) option needs to be `false`, otherwise the generated `GITHUB_TOKEN` will interfere with the custom one. Example:
+
+```yaml
+- name: Checkout
+    uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    with:
+      fetch-depth: 0
+      persist-credentials: false # <--- this
+```
+
+## Trigger semantic-release on demand
+
+### Using GUI:
+
+You can use [Manual Triggers](https://github.blog/changelog/2020-07-06-github-actions-manual-triggers-with-workflow_dispatch/) for GitHub Actions.
+
+### Using HTTP:
+
+Use [`repository_dispatch`](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/events-that-trigger-workflows#repository_dispatch) event to have control on when to generate a release by making an HTTP request, e.g.:
+
+```yaml
+name: Release
+on:
+  repository_dispatch:
+    types: [semantic-release]
+jobs:
+# ...
+```
+
+To trigger a release, call (with a [Personal Access Tokens](https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) stored in `GITHUB_TOKEN` environment variable):
+
+```
+$ curl -v -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.everest-preview+json" -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" https://api.github.com/repos/[org-name-or-username]/[repository]/dispatches -d '{ "event_type": "semantic-release" }'
+```
+
+### Using 3rd party apps:
+
+If you'd like to use a GitHub app to manage this instead of creating a personal access token, you could consider using a project like:
+
+- [Actions Panel](https://www.actionspanel.app/) - A declaratively configured way for triggering GitHub Actions
+- [Action Button](https://github-action-button.web.app/#details) - A simple badge based mechanism for triggering GitHub Actions
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [GitLab CI](https://about.gitlab.com/features/gitlab-ci-cd)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Protected variables](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/variables/README.html#protected-environment-variables).
+
+**Note**: Make sure to configure your release branch as [protected](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/protected_branches.html) in order for the CI/CD build to access the protected variables.
+
+## npm provenance
+
+Since GitLab CI is a [supported provider](https://docs.npmjs.com/generating-provenance-statements#provenance-limitations) for [npm provenance](https://docs.npmjs.com/generating-provenance-statements), it is recommended to enable this to increase supply-chain security for your npm packages.
+Find more detail about configuring npm to publish with provenance through semantic-release [in the documentation for our npm plugin](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-provenance).
+
+## Node project configuration
+
+GitLab CI supports [Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines.html) allowing to test on multiple Node versions and publishing a release only when all test pass.
+
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a [Node version that meets our version requirement](../../support/node-version.md).
+
+### `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration for Node projects
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 10 and 12. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with `.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.
+
+**Note**: The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending on whether you are using a [local](../../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```yaml
+# The release pipeline will run only if all jobs in the test pipeline are successful
+stages:
+  - test
+  - release
+
+before_script:
+  - npm install
+
+node:10:
+  image: node:10
+  stage: test
+  script:
+    - npm test
+
+node:12:
+  image: node:12
+  stage: test
+  script:
+    - npm test
+
+publish:
+  image: node:12
+  stage: release
+  script:
+    - npx semantic-release
+```
+
+### `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration for all projects
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 10 and 12. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with `.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.
+
+**Note**: The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending if you are using a [local](../../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```yaml
+# The release pipeline will run only on the master branch a commit is triggered
+stages:
+  - release
+
+release:
+  image: node:10-buster-slim
+  stage: release
+  before_script:
+    - apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git-core ca-certificates
+    - npm install -g semantic-release @semantic-release/gitlab
+  script:
+    - semantic-release
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "master"
+
+release:
+  image: node:12-buster-slim
+  stage: release
+  before_script:
+    - apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git-core ca-certificates
+    - npm install -g semantic-release @semantic-release/gitlab
+  script:
+    - semantic-release
+  rules:
+    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "master"
+```
+
+### `package.json` configuration
+
+A `package.json` is required only for [local](../../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```json
+{
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "semantic-release": "^15.0.0"
+  }
+}
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [Jenkins CI](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Jenkins Project Settings](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/tour/environment/)..
+
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).
+
+## Node.js project configuration
+
+### `Jenkinsfile (Declarative Pipeline)` configuration for a Node.js job
+
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a Node version that [meets our requirement](../../support/node-version.md).
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running a version of Node labelled as "node LTS".
+Since versions of Node are manually downloaded and labelled, we recommend keeping the version used for the release steps up-to-date with the latest LTS version.
+See the [Jenkins documentation](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/) for additional configuration options.
+
+```yaml
+// The release stage in the pipeline will run only if the test stage in the pipeline is successful
+pipeline {
+    agent any
+    environment {
+        GH_TOKEN  = credentials('some-id')
+    }
+    stages {
+        stage('Test') {
+            steps {
+                sh '''
+                # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, tests etc)
+                npm install
+                npm test
+                '''
+            }
+        }
+        stage('Release') {
+            tools {
+                nodejs "node LTS"
+            }
+            steps {
+                sh '''
+                # Run optional required steps before releasing
+                npx semantic-release
+                '''
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### `package.json` configuration for a Node job
+
+A `package.json` is required only for [local](../../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```json
+{
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "semantic-release": "^18.0.0"
+  }
+}
+```
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@

 ## Environment variables

-The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Travis Repository Settings](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#defining-variables-in-repository-Settings) or with the [travis env set CLI](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis.rb#env).
+The [Authentication](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Travis Repository Settings](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#defining-variables-in-repository-Settings) or with the [travis env set CLI](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis.rb#env).

-Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).

 ## Node.js projects configuration

 ### `.travis.yml` configuration for multiple Node.js jobs

-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 14 and 16. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.

-This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
+This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

 It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` s
 language: node_js

 node_js:
-  - 8
-  - 6
+  - 14
+  - 16

 jobs:
  include:
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ jobs:

 ### `package.json` configuration for multiple Node jobs

-A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+A `package.json` is required only for [local](../../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.

 ```json
 {
  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^15.0.0"
+    "semantic-release": "^18.0.0"
  }
 }
 ```
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-ins

 For projects that require to be tested with one or multiple version of a Non-JavaScript [language](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages), optionally on multiple [Operating Systems](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/multi-os).

-This recipe cover the Travis specifics only. See [Non JavaScript projects recipe](../support/FAQ.md#can-i-use-semantic-release-to-publish-non-javascript-packages) for more information on the **semantic-release** configuration.
+This recipe cover the Travis specifics only. See [Non JavaScript projects recipe](../../support/FAQ.md#can-i-use-semantic-release-to-publish-non-javascript-packages) for more information on the **semantic-release** configuration.

 ### `.travis.yml` configuration for non-JavaScript projects

 This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running [Go 1.6 and 1.7](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/go). See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.

-This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
+This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

 It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.

@@ -92,4 +92,6 @@ jobs:
          # Use nvm to install and use the Node LTS version (nvm is installed on all Travis images)
          - nvm install lts/*
          - npx semantic-release
+        on:
+          all_branches: true
 ```
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# Using semantic-release with [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows)
-
-## Environment variables
-
-The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [CircleCi Project Settings](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/env-vars/#adding-environment-variables-in-the-app)..
-
-Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).
-
-## Multiple Node jobs configuration
-
-### `.circleci/config.yml` configuration for multiple Node jobs
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [CircleCI documentation](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0) for additional configuration options.
-
-This example create the workflows `test_node_4`, `test_node_6`, `test_node_8` and `release`. The release workflows will [run `semantic-release` only after the all the `test_node_*` are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
-
-```yaml
-version: 2
-jobs:
-  test_node_6:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:6
-    steps:
-      # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, cache management, tests etc...)
-
-  test_node_8:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:8
-    steps:
-      # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, cache management, tests etc...)
-
-  release:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:8
-    steps:
-      - checkout
-      - run: npm install
-      # Run optional required steps before releasing
-      # - run: npm run build-script
-      - run: npx semantic-release
-
-workflows:
-  version: 2
-  test_and_release:
-    # Run the test jobs first, then the release only when all the test jobs are successful
-    jobs:
-      - test_node_6
-      - test_node_8
-      - release:
-          requires:
-            - test_node_6
-            - test_node_8
-```
-
-### `package.json` configuration for multiple Node jobs
-
-A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
-
-```json
-{
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^15.0.0"
-  }
-}
-```
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Git hosted services
+
+- [Git authentication with SSH keys](git-auth-ssh-keys.md)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Git authentication with SSH keys

-When using [environment variables](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) to set up the Git authentication, the remote Git repository will automatically be accessed via [https](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols#_the_http_protocols), independently of the [`repositoryUrl`](../usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl) format configured in the **semantic-release** [Configuration](../usage/configuration.md#configuration) (the format will be automatically converted as needed).
+When using [environment variables](../../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) to set up the Git authentication, the remote Git repository will automatically be accessed via [https](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols#_the_http_protocols), independently of the [`repositoryUrl`](../../usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl) format configured in the **semantic-release** [Configuration](../../usage/configuration.md#configuration) (the format will be automatically converted as needed).

 Alternatively the Git repository can be accessed via [SSH](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols#_the_ssh_protocol) by creating SSH keys, adding the public one to your Git hosted account and making the private one available on the CI environment.

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ This will generate a public key in `git_deploy_key.pub` and a private key in `gi
 ## Adding the SSH public key to the Git hosted account

 Step by step instructions are provided for the following Git hosted services:
+
 - [GitHub](#adding-the-ssh-public-key-to-github)

 ### Adding the SSH public key to GitHub
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ See [Adding a new SSH key to your GitHub account](https://help.github.com/articl
 In order to be available on the CI environment, the SSH private key must be encrypted, committed to the Git repository and decrypted by the CI service.

 Step by step instructions are provided for the following environments:
+
 - [Travis CI](#adding-the-ssh-private-key-to-travis-ci)
 - [Circle CI](#adding-the-ssh-private-key-to-circle-ci)

@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ $ git push

 ### Adding the SSH private key to Circle CI

-First we encrypt the `git_deploy_key` (private key) using a symmetric encryption (AES-256).  Run the following `openssl` command and *make sure to note the output which we'll need later*:
+First we encrypt the `git_deploy_key` (private key) using a symmetric encryption (AES-256). Run the following `openssl` command and _make sure to note the output which we'll need later_:

 ```bash
 $ openssl aes-256-cbc -e -p -in git_deploy_key -out git_deploy_key.enc -K `openssl rand -hex 32` -iv `openssl rand -hex 16`
@@ -119,6 +121,7 @@ iv =VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV
 ```

 Add the following [environment variables](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/env-vars/#adding-environment-variables-in-the-app) to Circle CI:
+
 - `SSL_PASSPHRASE` - the value set during the [SSH keys generation](#generating-the-ssh-keys) step.
 - `REPO_ENC_KEY` - the `key` (KKK) value from the `openssl` step above.
 - `REPO_ENC_IV` - the `iv` (VVV) value from the `openssl` step above.
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-# Using semantic-release with [GitLab CI](https://about.gitlab.com/features/gitlab-ci-cd)
-
-## Environment variables
-
-The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Secret variables](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/variables/README.html#secret-variables).
-
-## Node project configuration
-
-GitLab CI supports [Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines.html) allowing to test on multiple Node versions and publishing a release only when all test pass.
-
-**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a [Node >= 8 version](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83).
-
-### `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration for Node projects
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with .gitlab-ci.yml](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.
-
-**Note**: The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending if you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
-
-```yaml
-# The release pipeline will run only if all jobs in the test pipeline are successful
-stages:
-    - test
-    - release
-
-before_script:
-  - npm install
-
-node:6:
-  image: node:6
-  stage: test
-  script:
-    - npm test
-
-node:8:
-  image: node:8
-  stage: test
-  script:
-    - npm test
-
-publish:
-  image: node:8
-  stage: release
-  script:
-    - npx semantic-release
-```
-
-### `package.json` configuration
-
-A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
-
-```json
-{
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^15.0.0"
-  }
-}
-```
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Release workflow
+
+- [Publishing on distribution channels](distribution-channels.md)
+- [Publishing maintenance releases](maintenance-releases.md)
+- [Publishing pre-releases](pre-releases.md)
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# Publishing on distribution channels
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses distribution channels to make releases available only to a subset of users, in order to collect feedback before distributing the release to all users.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+
+- [branches](../../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix
+
+We can now continue to commit changes and release updates to our users. For example we can commit a bug fix with the message `fix: a fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature on next
+
+We now want to develop an important feature, which is a breaking change. Considering the scope of this feature we want to make it available, at first, only to our most dedicated users in order to get feedback. Once we get that feedback we can make improvements and ultimately make the new feature available to all users.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `next` and commit our feature to this branch. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@next`. That means only the users installing our module with `npm install example-module@next` will receive the version `2.0.0`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.1`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix on next
+
+One of our users starts to use the new `2.0.0` release and reports a bug. We develop a bug fix and commit it to the `next` branch with the message `fix: fix something on the big feature`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.1` on the dist-tag `@next`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature on latest
+
+We now want to develop a smaller, non-breaking feature. Its scope is small enough that we don't need to have a phase of feedback and we can release it to all users right away.
+
+If we were to commit that feature on `next` only a subset of users would get it, and we would need to wait for the end of our feedback period in order to make both the big and the small feature available to all users.
+
+Instead, we develop that small feature commit it to `master` with the message `feat: a small feature`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.0` on the dist-tag `@latest` so all users can benefit from it right away.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Porting a feature to next
+
+Most of our users now have access to the small feature, but we still need to make it available to our users using the `@next` dist-tag. To do so we need to merge our changes made on `master` (the commit `feat: a small feature`) into `next`. As `master` and `next` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `next`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.0` on the dist-tag `@next` which contains both our small and big feature.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+|  * Merge branch master into next # => v2.1.0 on @next
+```
+
+## Adding a version to latest
+
+After a period of feedback from our users using the `@next` dist-tag we feel confident to make our big feature available to all users. To do so we merge the `next` branch into `master`. There should be no conflict as `next` is strictly ahead of `master`.
+
+Once the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will add the version `2.1.0` to the dist-tag `@latest` so all users will receive it when installing out module with `npm install example-module`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+|  * Merge branch master into next # => v2.1.0 on @next
+| /|
+*  | Merge branch next into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+We can now continue to push new fixes and features on `master`, or a new breaking change on `next` as we did before.
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# Publishing maintenance releases
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses Git branches and distribution channels to publish fixes and features for old versions of a package.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+
+- [branches](../../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit`. When pushing that commit, on `master` **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a breaking change
+
+We now decide to drop Node.js 6 support for our package, and require Node.js 8 or higher, which is a breaking change.
+
+We commit that change with the message `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature for version 1.x users
+
+One of our users request a new feature, however they cannot migrate to Node.js 8 or higher due to corporate policies.
+
+If we were to push that feature on `master` and release it, the new version would require Node.js 8 or higher as the release would also contain the commit `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required`.
+
+Instead, we create the branch `1.x` from the tag `v1.0.0` with the command `git checkout -b 1.x v1.0.0` and we commit that feature with the message `feat: a feature` to the branch `1.x`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.0` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` so users who can't migrate to Node.js 8 or higher can benefit from it.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  * feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix for version 1.0.x users
+
+Another user currently using version `1.0.0` reports a bug. They cannot migrate to Node.js 8 or higher and they also cannot migrate to `1.1.0` as they do not use the feature developed in `feat: a feature` and their corporate policies require to go through a costly quality assurance process for each `minor` upgrades.
+
+In order to deliver the bug fix in a `patch` release, we create the branch `1.0.x` from the tag `v1.0.0` with the command `git checkout -b 1.0.x v1.0.0` and we commit that fix with the message `fix: a fix` to the branch `1.0.x`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@release-1.0.x` so users who can't migrate to `1.1.x` or `2.x` can benefit from it.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+```
+
+## Porting a bug fix from 1.0.x to 1.x
+
+Now that we have released a fix in version `1.0.1` we want to make it available to `1.1.x` users as well.
+
+To do so we need to merge the changes made on `1.0.x` (the commit `fix: a fix`) into the `1.x` branch. As `1.0.x` and `1.x` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to the branch `1.x`, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.1` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` which contains both our feature and bug fix.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+```
+
+## Porting bug fixes and features to master
+
+Finally we want to make both our feature and bug fix available to users using the `@latest` dist-tag.
+
+To do so we need to merge the changes made on `1.x` (the commits `feat: a feature` and `fix: a fix`) into `master`. As `1.x` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.0` on the dist-tag `@latest` which now contains the breaking change feature, the feature and the bug fix.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix for version 2.1.0 users
+
+One of our users using the version `2.1.0` version reports a bug.
+
+We can simply commit the bug fix with the message `fix: another fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+*  |  | fix: another fix # => v2.1.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Porting a bug fix from master to 1.x
+
+The bug fix `fix: another fix` also affects version `1.1.1` users, so we want to port it to the `1.x` branch.
+
+To do so we need to cherry pick our fix commit made on `master` (`fix: another fix`) into `1.x` with `git checkout 1.x && git cherry-pick <sha of fix: another fix>`. As `master` and `1.x` branches have diverged, the cherry picking might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the commit is pushed to `1.x`, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.2` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` which contains `feat: a feature`, `fix: a fix` and `fix: another fix` but not `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+*  |  | fix: another fix # => v2.1.1 on @latest
+|  |  |
+|  *  | fix: another fix # => v1.1.2 on @1.x
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+# Publishing pre-releases
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses pre-releases to publish beta versions while working on a future major release and then make only one release on the default distribution.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+
+- [branches](../../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit`. When pushing that commit, on `master` **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on a future release
+
+We now decide to work on a future major release, which will be composed of multiple features, some of them being breaking changes. We want to publish our package for each new feature developed for test purpose, however we do not want to increment our package version or make it available to our users until all the features are developed and tested.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `beta` and commit our first feature there. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `2.0.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@beta`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.0`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
+
+We can continue to work on our future release by committing and pushing other features or bug fixes on the `beta` branch. With each push, **semantic-release** will publish a new pre-release on the dist-tag `@beta`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+With another feature, the Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix on the default distribution channel
+
+In the meantime we can also continue to commit changes and release updates to our users.
+
+For example, we can commit a bug fix with the message `fix: a fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on another future release
+
+We now decide to work on another future major release, in parallel of the beta one, which will also be composed of multiple features, some of them being breaking changes.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `alpha` from the branch `beta` and commit our first feature there. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.0.0-alpha.1` on the dist-tag `@alpha`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@alpha`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.1`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+```
+
+We can continue to work on our future release by committing and pushing other features or bug fixes on the `alpha` branch. With each push, **semantic-release** will publish a new pre-release on the dist-tag `@alpha`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+With another feature, the Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+```
+
+## Publishing the 2.0.0 beta release to the default distribution channel
+
+Once we've developed and pushed all the feature we want to include in the future version `2.0.0` in the `beta` branch and all our tests are successful we can release it to our users.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `beta` into `master`. As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Publishing the 3.0.0 alpha release to the beta distribution channel
+
+Now that we published our the version `2.0.0` that was previously in beta, we decide to promote the version `3.0.0` in alpha to beta.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `alpha` into `beta`. There should be no conflict as `alpha` is strictly ahead of `master`.
+
+Once the merge commit is pushed to `beta`, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.0.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
+
+## Publishing the 3.0.0 beta release to the default distribution channel
+
+Once we've developed and pushed all the feature we want to include in the future version `3.0.0` in the `beta` branch and all our tests are successful we can release it to our users.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `beta` into `master`. As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `3.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v3.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on a third future release
+
+We can now start to work on a new future major release, version `4.0.0`, on the `@beta` distribution channel.
+
+To do so we first need to update the `beta` branch with all the changes from `master` (the commits `fix: a fix`). As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+We can now commit our new feature on `beta`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.1.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@beta`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `3.0.0`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v3.0.0 on @latest
+| \|  |
+|  *  | Merge branch master into beta
+|  *  | feat: new feature # => v3.1.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@

 ## Why is the `package.json`’s version not updated in my repository?

-**semantic-release** takes care of updating the `package.json`’s version before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com).
+[`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) takes care of updating the `package.json`’s version before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com).

-By default, only the published package will contains the version, which is the only place where it is *really* required, but the updated `package.json` will not be pushed to the Git repository
+By default, only the published package will contain the version, which is the only place where it is _really_ required, but the updated `package.json` will not be pushed to the Git repository

 However, the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin can be used to push the updated `package.json` as well as other files to the Git repository.

+If you wish to only update the `package.json` and push via Git you can set the project to `"private": true,` within your `package.json` to prevent publishing to [the npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com).
+
 ## How can I use a npm build script that requires the `package.json`’s version ?

 The `package.json`’s version will be updated by the `semantic-release` command just before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com), therefore it won't be available for scripts ran before the `semantic-release` command.
@@ -15,19 +17,24 @@ The `package.json`’s version will be updated by the `semantic-release` command
 As the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin uses the [npm CLI](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/npm) to update the `package.json` version and publish the package, all [npm hook scripts](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts#description) will be executed.

 You can run your build script in:
+
 - the `prepublishOnly` or `prepack` hook so it will be executed during the `publish` step of `@semantic-release/npm`
 - the `postversion` hook so it will be executed during the `prepare` step of `@semantic-release/npm`, which allow for example to update files before committing them with the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin

 If using npm hook scripts is not possible, and alternative solution is to [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin to run your script in the `prepare` step:
+
 ```json
 {
  "plugins": [
    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
    "@semantic-release/npm",
-    ["@semantic-release/exec", {
-      "prepareCmd": "./my-build-script.sh ${nextRelease.version}",
-    }],
+    [
+      "@semantic-release/exec",
+      {
+        "prepareCmd": "./my-build-script.sh ${nextRelease.version}"
+      }
+    ]
  ]
 }
 ```
@@ -36,48 +43,19 @@ If using npm hook scripts is not possible, and alternative solution is to [`@sem

 Yes with the [dry-run options](../usage/configuration.md#dryrun) which prints to the console the next version to be published and the release notes.

-## Can I use semantic-release with Yarn?
-
-If you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation and run multiple CI jobs with different versions, the `yarn install` command will fail on jobs running with Node < 8 as **semantic-release** requires [Node >= 8.3](#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83) and specifies it in its `package.json`s [`engines`](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json#engines) key.
-
-The recommended solution is to use the [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com) [--ignore-engines](https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/cli/install#toc-yarn-install-ignore-engines) option to install the project dependencies on the CI environment, so Yarn will ignore the **semantic-release**'s `engines` key:
-
-```bash
-$ yarn install --ignore-engines
-```
-
-**Note**: Several CI services use Yarn by default if your repository contains a `yarn.lock` file. So you should override the install step to specify `yarn install --ignore-engines`.
-
-Alternatively you can use a [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation and make sure to install and run the `semantic-release` command only in a CI jobs running with Node >= 8.3.
-
-If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can switch to Node 8 before installing and running the `semantic-release` command:
-
-```bash
-$ nvm install 8 && yarn global add semantic-release && semantic-release
-```
-
-See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.
-
-As `semantic-release` is recommended to be executed with [`npx`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/npx) an alternative is required for usage with Yarn. Even though it is possible to install npx with Yarn, it's not recommended. Yarn and npx would be using different cache locations.
-
-For [local installation](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) replace
-`npx semantic-release` with `yarn run semantic-release`.
-
-For [global installation](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) replace
-`npx semantic-release` with `yarn global add semantic-release && semantic-release`.
-
 ## Can I use semantic-release to publish non-JavaScript packages?

-Yes, **semantic-release** is a Node CLI application but it can be used to publish any type of packages.
+Yes, **semantic-release** is a Node CLI application, but it can be used to publish any type of packages.

 To publish a non-Node package (without a `package.json`) you would need to:
+
 - Use a [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation
- Set **semantic-release** [options](../usage/configuration.md#options) via [CLI arguments or rc file](../usage/configuration.md#configuration)
- Make sure your CI job executing the `semantic-release` command has access to [Node >= 8](#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83) to execute the `semantic-release` command
+- Set **semantic-release** [options](../usage/configuration.md#options) via [CLI arguments or `.rc` file](../usage/configuration.md#configuration)
+- Make sure your CI job executing the `semantic-release` command has access to a version of Node that [meets our version requirement](./node-version.md) to execute the `semantic-release` command

-See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.
+See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/release-workflow/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.

-In addition you will need to configure the **semantic-release** [plugins](../usage/plugins.md#plugins) to disable the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin which is used by default and use a plugin for your project type.
+In addition, you will need to configure the **semantic-release** [plugins](../usage/plugins.md#plugins) to disable the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin which is used by default and use a plugin for your project type.

 If there is no specific plugin for your project type you can use the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin to publish the release with a shell command.

@@ -89,25 +67,29 @@ Here is a basic example to create [GitHub releases](https://help.github.com/arti
    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
    "@semantic-release/github",
-    ["@semantic-release/exec", {
-      "prepareCmd" : "set-version ${nextRelease.version}",
-      "publishCmd" : "publish-package"
-      }]
+    [
+      "@semantic-release/exec",
+      {
+        "prepareCmd": "set-version ${nextRelease.version}",
+        "publishCmd": "publish-package"
+      }
+    ]
  ]
 }
 ```

 **Note**: This is a theoretical example where the command `set-version` update the project version with the value passed as its first argument and `publish-package` publishes the package to a registry.

-See the [package managers and languages recipes](../recipes/README.md#package-managers-and-languages) for more details on specific project types.
+See the [package managers and languages recipes](../recipes/release-workflow/README.md#package-managers-and-languages) for more details on specific project types.

 ## Can I use semantic-release with any CI service?

 Yes, **semantic-release** can be used with any CI service, as long as it provides:
+
 - A way to set [authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) via environment variables
 - A way to guarantee that the `semantic-release` command is [executed only after all the tests of all the jobs in the CI build pass](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded)

-See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.
+See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/release-workflow/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.

 ## Can I run semantic-release on my local machine rather than on a CI server?

@@ -123,11 +105,11 @@ However this is not the recommended approach, as running unit and integration te

 Yes, with the [`@semantic-release/gitlab-config`](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab-config) shareable configuration.

-See the [GitLab CI recipes](../recipes/gitlab-ci.md#using-semantic-release-with-gitlab-ci) for the CI configuration.
+See the [GitLab CI recipes](../recipes/ci-configurations/gitlab-ci.md#using-semantic-release-with-gitlab-ci) for the CI configuration.

 ## Can I use semantic-release with any Git hosted environment?

-By default **semantic-release** uses the [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) plugin to publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases). For other Git hosted environment the  [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) and [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) plugins can be used via [plugins configuration](../usage/plugins.md).
+By default **semantic-release** uses the [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) plugin to publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases). For other Git hosted environment the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) and [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) plugins can be used via [plugins configuration](../usage/plugins.md).

 See the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git#semantic-releasegit) [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog#semantic-releasechangelog) plugins documentation for more details.

@@ -140,16 +122,17 @@ See the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#semant
 ## How can I revert a release?

 If you have introduced a breaking bug in a release you have 2 options:
+
 - If you have a fix immediately ready, commit and push it (or merge it via a pull request) to the release branch
- Otherwise [revert the commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert) that introduced the bug and push the revert commit (or merge it via a pull request) to the release branch
+- Otherwise, [revert the commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert) that introduced the bug and push the revert commit (or merge it via a pull request) to the release branch

-In both cases **semantic-release** will publish a new release, so your package users' will get the fixed/reverted version.
+In both cases **semantic-release** will publish a new release, so your package users will get the fixed/reverted version.

-Depending on the package manager you are using, you might be able to un-publish or deprecate a release, in order to prevent users from downloading it by accident. For example npm allows you to [un-publish](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/unpublish) [within 72 hours](https://www.npmjs.com/policies/unpublish) after releasing. You may also [deprecate](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/deprecate) a release if you would rather avoid un-publishing.
+Depending on the package manager you are using, you might be able to un-publish or deprecate a release, in order to prevent users from downloading it by accident. For example, npm allows you to [un-publish](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/unpublish) [within 72 hours](https://www.npmjs.com/policies/unpublish) after release. You may also [deprecate](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/deprecate) a release if you would rather avoid un-publishing.

 In any case **do not remove the Git tag associated with the buggy version**, otherwise **semantic-release** will later try to republish that version. Publishing a version after un-publishing is not supported by most package managers.

-**Note**: If you are using the default [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines) be aware that it uses a different revert commit format than the standard one created by [git revert](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), contrary to what is [claimed in the  convention](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). Therefore, if you revert a commit with [`git revert`](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), use the [`--edit` option](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert#git-revert---edit) to format the message according to the [Angular revert commit message format](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). See [conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog#348](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog/issues/348) for more details.
+**Note**: If you are using the default [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines) be aware that it uses a different revert commit format than the standard one created by [git revert](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), contrary to what is [claimed in the convention](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). Therefore, if you revert a commit with [`git revert`](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), use the [`--edit` option](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert#git-revert---edit) to format the message according to the [Angular revert commit message format](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). See [conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog#348](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog/issues/348) for more details.

 ## Can I use `.npmrc` options?

@@ -175,17 +158,9 @@ Or with the `publishConfig.access` key in your project's `package.json`:
 }
 ```

-## Can I use semantic-release to publish a package on Artifactory?
-
-Any npm compatible registry is supported with the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin. For Artifactory versions prior to 5.4, the legacy authentication has to be used (with `NPM_USERNAME`, `NPM_PASSWORD` and `NPM_EMAIL` [environment variables](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#environment-variables)).
-
-See [npm registry authentication](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-registry-authentication) for more details.
-
-See [Artifactory - npm Registry](https://www.jfrog.com/confluence/display/RTF/Npm+Registry#NpmRegistry-AuthenticatingthenpmClient) documentation for Artifactiry configuration.
-
 ## Can I manually trigger the release of a specific version?

-You can trigger a release by pushing to your Git repository. You deliberately cannot trigger a *specific* version release, because this is the whole point of semantic-release.
+You can trigger a release by pushing to your Git repository. You deliberately cannot trigger a _specific_ version release, because this is the whole point of semantic-release.

 ## Can I exclude commits from the analysis?

@@ -196,7 +171,7 @@ Yes, every commits that contains `[skip release]` or `[release skip]` in their m
 By default **semantic-release** uses the [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines) and triggers releases based on the following rules:

 | Commit                      | Release type               |
-|-----------------------------|----------------------------|
+| --------------------------- | -------------------------- |
 | Commit with breaking change | ~~Major~~ Breaking release |
 | Commit with type `feat`     | ~~Minor~~ Feature release  |
 | Commit with type `fix`      | Patch release              |
@@ -206,9 +181,9 @@ See the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-co

 This is fully customizable with the [`@semantic-release/commit-analyzer`](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer) plugin's [`release-rules` option](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer#release-rules).

-## Is it *really* a good idea to release on every push?
+## Is it _really_ a good idea to release on every push?

-It is indeed a great idea because it *forces* you to follow best practices. If you don’t feel comfortable releasing every feature or fix on your `master` you might not treat your `master` branch as intended.
+It is indeed a great idea because it _forces_ you to follow best practices. If you don’t feel comfortable releasing every feature or fix on your `master` you might not treat your `master` branch as intended.

 From [Understanding the GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/index.html):

@@ -222,21 +197,15 @@ If you need more control over the timing of releases, see [Triggering a release]

 This is not supported by **semantic-release** as it's not considered a good practice, mostly because [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org) rules applies differently to major version zero.

-In early development phase when your package is not ready for production yet we recommend to publish releases on a distribution channel (for example npm’s [dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)) or to develop on a `dev` branch and merge it to `master` periodically. See [Triggering a release](../../README.md#triggering-a-release) for more details on those solutions.
+If your project is under heavy development, with frequent breaking changes, and is not production ready yet we recommend [publishing pre-releases](../recipes/release-workflow/pre-releases.md#publishing-pre-releases).

 See [“Introduction to SemVer” - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semver-d272990c44f2) for more details on [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org) and the recommendation to start at version `1.0.0`.

 ## Can I trust semantic-release with my releases?

-**semantic-release** has a full unit and integration test suite that tests `npm` publishes against the [npm-registry-couchapp](https://github.com/npm/npm-registry-couchapp).
+**semantic-release** has a full unit and integration test suite that tests `npm` publishes against the [verdaccio](https://www.npmjs.com/package/verdaccio).

-In addition the [verify conditions step](../../README.md#release-steps) verifies that all necessary conditions for proceeding with a release are met, and a new release will be performed [only if all your tests pass](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
-
-## Why does semantic-release require Node version >= 8.3?
-
-**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which **requires Node version 8.3 or higher**.
-
-See [Node version requirement](../support/node-version.md#node-version-requirement) for more details and solutions.
+In addition, the [verify conditions step](../../README.md#release-steps) verifies that all necessary conditions for proceeding with a release are met, and a new release will be performed [only if all your tests pass](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

 ## What is npx?

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Git version requirement
+
+**semantic-release** uses Git CLI commands to read information about the repository such as branches, commit history and tags.
+Certain commands and options (such as [the `--merged` option of the `git tag` command](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-tag/2.7.0#git-tag---no-mergedltcommitgt) or bug fixes related to `git ls-files`) used by **semantic-release** are only available in Git version 2.7.1 and higher.
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 # Node Support Policy

-We only support [Long-Term Support](https://github.com/nodejs/Release) versions of Node starting with [Node 8.9.0 (LTS)](https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v8.9.0).
+We will always support at least the latest [Long-Term Support](https://github.com/nodejs/Release) version of Node, but provide no promise of support for older versions.
+The supported range will always be defined in the `engines.node` property of the `package.json` of our packages.

 We specifically limit our support to LTS versions of Node, not because this package won't work on other versions, but because we have a limited amount of time, and supporting LTS offers the greatest return on that investment.

-It's possible this package will work correctly on newer versions of Node. It may even be possible to use this package on older versions of Node, though that's more unlikely as we'll make every effort to take advantage of features available in the oldest LTS version we support.
+It's possible this package will work correctly on newer versions of Node.
+It may even be possible to use this package on older versions of Node, though that's more unlikely as we'll make every effort to take advantage of features available in the oldest LTS version we support.

-As each Node LTS version reaches its end-of-life we will remove that version from the node engines property of our package's package.json file. Removing a Node version is considered a breaking change and will entail the publishing of a new major version of this package. We will not accept any requests to support an end-of-life version of Node. Any merge requests or issues supporting an end-of-life version of Node will be closed.
+As new Node LTS versions become available we may remove previous versions from the `engines.node` property of our package's `package.json` file.
+Removing a Node version is considered a breaking change and will entail the publishing of a new major version of this package.
+We will not accept any requests to support an end-of-life version of Node.
+Any merge requests or issues supporting an end-of-life version of Node will be closed.

-We will accept code that allows this package to run on newer, non-LTS, versions of Node. Furthermore, we will attempt to ensure our own changes work on the latest version of Node. To help in that commitment, our continuous integration setup runs against all LTS versions of Node in addition the most recent Node release; called current.
+We will accept code that allows this package to run on newer, non-LTS, versions of Node.
+Furthermore, we will attempt to ensure our own changes work on the latest version of Node.
+To help in that commitment, our continuous integration setup runs against all LTS versions of Node in addition the most recent Node release; called current.

-JavaScript package managers should allow you to install this package with any version of Node, with, at most, a warning if your version of Node does not fall within the range specified by our node engines property. If you encounter issues installing this package, please report the issue to your package manager.
+JavaScript package managers should allow you to install this package with any version of Node, with, at most, a warning if your version of Node does not fall within the range specified by our node engines property.
+If you encounter issues installing this package, please report the issue to your package manager.
@@ -1,35 +1,38 @@
 # Node version requirement

-**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which requires **requires Node version 8.3 or higher**.
+**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which **requires Node version 18.0.0 or higher**.

-**semantic-release** is meant to be used in a CI environment as a development support tool, not as a production dependency. Therefore the only constraint is to run the `semantic-release` in a CI environment providing Node 8 or higher.
+**semantic-release** is meant to be used in a CI environment as a development support tool, not as a production dependency.
+Therefore, the only constraint is to run the `semantic-release` in a CI environment providing version of Node that meets our version requirement.

 See our [Node Support Policy](node-support-policy.md) for our long-term promise regarding Node version support.

 ## Recommended solution

-### Run at least one CI job with Node >= 8.3
+### Run at least one CI job with a version of Node that meets our version requirement

-The recommended approach is to run the `semantic-release` command from a CI job running on Node 8.3 or higher. This can either be a job used by your project to test on Node >= 8.3 or a dedicated job for the release steps.
+The recommended approach is to run the `semantic-release` command from a CI job running on the latest available LTS version of node.
+This can either be a job used by your project to test on the latest Node LTS version or a dedicated job for the release steps.

-See [CI configuration](../usage/ci-configuration.md) and [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details.
+See [CI configuration](../usage/ci-configuration.md) and [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/ci-configurations/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details.

 ## Alternative solutions

-### Use `npx`
+### Use `npx` to execute in the latest LTS version of Node

-`npx` is included with npm >= 5.2 and can be used to download the latest [Node 8 package published on npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node). Use it to execute the `semantic-release` command.
+`npx` is included with npm >= 5.2 and can be used to download the latest [Node LTS package published on npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node).
+Use it to execute the `semantic-release` command.

 ```bash
-$ npx -p node@8 -c "npx semantic-release"
+$ npx -p node@v18-lts -c "npx semantic-release"
 ```

-**Note:**: See [What is npx](./FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.
+**Note**: See [What is npx](./FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.

 ### Use `nvm`

-If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can use it to switch to Node 8 before running the `semantic-release` command.
+If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can use it to switch to the latest LTS version of Node before running the `semantic-release` command.

 ```bash
-$ nvm install 8 && npx semantic-release
+$ nvm install 'lts/*' && npx semantic-release
 ```
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@

 - ["Introduction to SemVer" - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semver-d272990c44f2)
 - ["Introduction to Semantic Release" - liv](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semantic-release-33f73b117c8)
+- ["Series - Semantic Release Automation" - Abdelrahman Wahdan](https://dev.to/abdelrahmanahmed/semantic-release-and-how-to-automate-it-part-1-4pa2)
+- ["Explain semantic release and how to use it on GitLab pipeline"](https://regoo707.medium.com/auto-bump-apps-versions-and-releases-using-gitlab-pipeline-e32f1d7fa3ee)

 ## Tutorials

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ This is most likely related to a misconfiguration of the [npm registry authentic
 It might also happen if the package name you are trying to publish already exists (in the case of npm, you may be trying to publish a new version of a package that is not yours, hence the permission error).

 To verify if your package name is available you can use [npm-name-cli](https://github.com/sindresorhus/npm-name-cli):
+
 ```bash
 $ npm install --global npm-name-cli
 $ npm-name <package-name>
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ When [squashing commits](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-Hist

 When squashing commits make sure to rewrite the resulting commit message to be compliant with the project's commit message convention.

-**Note**: if the resulting squashed commit would encompasses multiple changes (for example multiple unrelated features or fixes) then it's probably not a good idea to squash those commits together. A commit should contain exactly one self-contained functional change and a functional change should be contained in exactly one commit. See [atomic commits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_commit).
+**Note**: if the resulting squashed commit encompasses multiple changes (for example multiple unrelated features or fixes) then it's probably not a good idea to squash those commits together. A commit should contain exactly one self-contained functional change and a functional change should be contained in exactly one commit. See [atomic commits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_commit).

 ## `reference already exists` error when pushing tag

@@ -54,3 +55,16 @@ $ git branch --contains <tag name>
 $ git tag -d <tag name>
 $ git push origin :refs/tags/<tag name>
 ```
+
+## release not found release branch after `git push --force`
+
+**semantic-release** is using both [git tags](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-tag) and [git notes](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-notes) to store information about which releases happened in which branch.
+
+After a git history rewrite due to a `git push --force`, the git tags and notes referencing the commits that were rewritten are lost.
+
+To recover from that situation, do the following:
+
+1. Delete the tag(s) for the release(s) that have been lost from the git history. You can delete each tag from remote using `git push origin -d :[TAG NAME]`, e.g. `git push origin -d :v2.0.0-beta.1`. You can delete tags locally using `git tag -d [TAG NAME]`, e.g. `git tag -d v2.0.0-beta.1`.
+2. Re-create the tags locally: `git tag [TAG NAME] [COMMIT HASH]`, where `[COMMIT HASH]` is the new commit that created the release for the lost tag. E.g. `git tag v2.0.0-beta.1 abcdef0`
+3. Re-create the git notes for each release tag, e.g. `git notes --ref semantic-release add -f -m '{"channels":["beta"]}' v2.0.0-beta.1`. If the release was also published in the default channel (usually `master`), then set the first channel to `null`, e.g. `git notes --ref semantic-release add -f -m '{"channels":[null, "beta"]}'`
+4. Push the local notes: `git push --force origin refs/notes/semantic-release`. The `--force` is needed after the rebase. Be careful.
@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@
 - [CI Configuration](ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
 - [Configuration](configuration.md#configuration)
 - [Plugins](plugins.md)
+- [Workflow configuration](workflow-configuration.md)
 - [Shareable configurations](shareable-configurations.md)
@@ -2,27 +2,42 @@

 ## Run `semantic-release` only after all tests succeeded

-The `semantic-release` command must be executed only after all the tests in the CI build pass. If the build runs multiple jobs (for example to test on multiple Operating Systems or Node versions) the CI has to be configured to guarantee that the `semantic-release` command is executed only after all jobs are successful. This can be achieved with [Travis Build Stages](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages), [CircleCI Workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows), [Codeship Deployment Pipelines](https://documentation.codeship.com/basic/builds-and-configuration/deployment-pipelines), [GitLab Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines.html#introduction-to-pipelines-and-jobs), [Codefresh Pipelines](https://codefresh.io/docs/docs/configure-ci-cd-pipeline/introduction-to-codefresh-pipelines), [Wercker Workflows](http://devcenter.wercker.com/docs/workflows) or [GoCD Pipelines](https://docs.gocd.org/current/introduction/concepts_in_go.html#pipeline).
+The `semantic-release` command must be executed only after all the tests in the CI build pass. If the build runs multiple jobs (for example to test on multiple Operating Systems or Node versions) the CI has to be configured to guarantee that the `semantic-release` command is executed only after all jobs are successful.
+Here are a few examples of the CI services that can be used to achieve this:

-See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details.
+- [Travis Build Stages](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages)
+- [CircleCI Workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows)
+- [GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions)
+- [Codeship Deployment Pipelines](https://documentation.codeship.com/basic/builds-and-configuration/deployment-pipelines)
+- [GitLab Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/introduction/)
+- [Codefresh Pipelines](https://codefresh.io/docs/docs/configure-ci-cd-pipeline/introduction-to-codefresh-pipelines)
+- [Wercker Workflows](http://devcenter.wercker.com/docs/workflows)
+- [GoCD Pipelines](https://docs.gocd.org/current/introduction/concepts_in_go.html#pipeline).
+
+See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/ci-configurations/README.md) for more details.

 ## Authentication

+### Push access to the remote repository
+
 **semantic-release** requires push access to the project Git repository in order to create [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). The Git authentication can be set with one of the following environment variables:

-| Variable                        | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| `GH_TOKEN` or `GITHUB_TOKEN`    | A GitHub [personal access token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line).                                                                                                    |
-| `GL_TOKEN` or `GITLAB_TOKEN`    | A GitLab [personal access token](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html).                                                                                                                       |
-| `BB_TOKEN` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN` | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html).                                                                                                 |
-| `GIT_CREDENTIALS`               | [URL encoded](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding) Git username and password in the format `<username>:<password>`. The username and password must each be individually URL encoded, not the `:` separating them. |
+| Variable                                              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `GH_TOKEN` or `GITHUB_TOKEN`                          | A GitHub [personal access token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line).                                                                                                    |
+| `GL_TOKEN` or `GITLAB_TOKEN`                          | A GitLab [personal access token](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html).                                                                                                                       |
+| `BB_TOKEN` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN`                       | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html).                                                                                                 |
+| `BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH` | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html) with basic auth support. For clarification `user:token` has to be the value of this env.         |
+| `GIT_CREDENTIALS`                                     | [URL encoded](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding) Git username and password in the format `<username>:<password>`. The username and password must each be individually URL encoded, not the `:` separating them. |

-Alternatively the Git authentication can be set up via [SSH keys](../recipes/git-auth-ssh-keys.md).
+Alternatively the Git authentication can be set up via [SSH keys](../recipes/git-hosted-services/git-auth-ssh-keys.md).
+
+### Authentication for plugins

 Most **semantic-release** [plugins](plugins.md) require setting up authentication in order to publish to a package manager registry. The default [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#environment-variables) and [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#environment-variables) plugins require the following environment variables:

 | Variable    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
-|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | `NPM_TOKEN` | npm token created via [npm token create](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/working_with_tokens#how-to-create-new-tokens).<br/>**Note**: Only the `auth-only` [level of npm two-factor authentication](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/using-two-factor-authentication#levels-of-authentication) is supported. |
 | `GH_TOKEN`  | GitHub authentication token.<br/>**Note**: Only the [personal token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) authentication is supported.                                                                                                                                 |

@@ -30,4 +45,6 @@ See each plugin's documentation for the environment variables required.

 The authentication token/credentials have to be made available in the CI service via environment variables.

-See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on how to configure environment variables in your CI service.
+See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/ci-configurations/README.md) for more details on how to configure environment variables in your CI service.
+
+**Note**: The environment variables `GH_TOKEN`, `GITHUB_TOKEN`, `GL_TOKEN` and `GITLAB_TOKEN` can be used for both the Git authentication and the API authentication required by [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) and [@semantic-release/gitlab](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab).
@@ -1,60 +1,56 @@
 # Configuration

 **semantic-release** configuration consists of:
- Git repository options ([URL](#repositoryurl), [release branch](#branch) and [tag format](#tagformat))
- [plugins](#plugins) definition
- run mode ([debug](#debug), [dry run](#dryrun) and [local (no CI)](#ci))

-All of these options can be configured directly or by extending a [shareable configuration](shareable-configurations.md).
+- Git repository ([URL](#repositoryurl) and options [release branches](#branches) and [tag format](#tagformat))
+- Plugins [declaration](#plugins) and options
+- Run mode ([debug](#debug), [dry run](#dryrun) and [local (no CI)](#ci))
+
+All of these options can be configured through config file, CLI arguments or by extending a [shareable configuration](shareable-configurations.md).

 Additionally, metadata of Git tags generated by **semantic-release** can be customized via standard [Git environment variables](#git-environment-variables).

 ## Configuration file

-**semantic-release**’s [options](#options), mode and [plugins](plugins.md) can be set via:
- A `.releaserc` file, written in YAML or JSON, with optional extensions: .`yaml`/`.yml`/`.json`/`.js`
- A `release.config.js` file that exports an object
+**semantic-release**’s [options](#options), mode and [plugins](plugins.md) can be set via either:
+
+- A `.releaserc` file, written in YAML or JSON, with optional extensions: `.yaml`/`.yml`/`.json`/`.js`/`.cjs`
+- A `release.config.(js|cjs)` file that exports an object
 - A `release` key in the project's `package.json` file

 Alternatively, some options can be set via CLI arguments.

 The following three examples are the same.

-Via `release` key in the project's `package.json` file:
+- Via `release` key in the project's `package.json` file:

 ```json
 {
  "release": {
-    "branch": "next"
+    "branches": ["master", "next"]
  }
 }
 ```
-```bash
-$ semantic-release
-```

-Via `.releaserc` file:
+- Via `.releaserc` file:

 ```json
 {
-  "branch": "next"
+  "branches": ["master", "next"]
 }
 ```
-```bash
-$ semantic-release
-```

-Via CLI argument:
+- Via CLI argument:

 ```bash
-$ semantic-release --branch next
+$ semantic-release --branches next
 ```

 **Note**: CLI arguments take precedence over options configured in the configuration file.

 **Note**: Plugin options cannot be defined via CLI arguments and must be defined in the configuration file.

-**Note**: When configuring via `package.json`, the configuration must be under the `release` property. However, when using a `.releaserc` or a `release.config.js` file, the configuration must be set without a `release` property.
+**Note**: When configuring via `package.json`, the configuration must be under the `release` property. However, when using a `.releaserc` or a `release.config` file, the configuration must be set without a `release` property.

 ## Options

@@ -67,13 +63,26 @@ List of modules or file paths containing a [shareable configuration](shareable-c

 **Note**: Options defined via CLI arguments or in the configuration file will take precedence over the ones defined in any shareable configuration.

-### branch
+### branches

-Type: `String`<br>
-Default: `master`<br>
-CLI arguments: `-b`, `--branch`
+Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`<br>
+Default: `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`<br>
+CLI arguments: `--branches`

-The branch on which releases should happen.
+The branches on which releases should happen. By default **semantic-release** will release:
+
+- regular releases to the default distribution channel from the branch `master`
+- regular releases to a distribution channel matching the branch name from any existing branch with a name matching a maintenance release range (`N.N.x` or `N.x.x` or `N.x` with `N` being a number)
+- regular releases to the `next` distribution channel from the branch `next` if it exists
+- regular releases to the `next-major` distribution channel from the branch `next-major` if it exists
+- pre-releases to the `beta` distribution channel from the branch `beta` if it exists
+- pre-releases to the `alpha` distribution channel from the branch `alpha` if it exists
+
+**Note**: If your repository does not have a release branch, then **semantic-release** will fail with an `ERELEASEBRANCHES` error message. If you are using the default configuration, you can fix this error by pushing a `master` branch.
+
+**Note**: Once **semantic-release** is configured, any user with the permission to push commits on one of those branches will be able to publish a release. It is recommended to protect those branches, for example with [GitHub protected branches](https://docs.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/about-protected-branches).
+
+See [Workflow configuration](workflow-configuration.md#workflow-configuration) for more details.

 ### repositoryUrl

@@ -113,7 +122,9 @@ Type: `Boolean`<br>
 Default: `false` if running in a CI environment, `true` otherwise<br>
 CLI arguments: `-d`, `--dry-run`

-Dry-run mode, skip publishing, print next version and release notes.
+The objective of the dry-run mode is to get a preview of the pending release. Dry-run mode skips the following steps: prepare, publish, addChannel, success and fail. In addition to this it prints the next version and release notes to the console.
+
+**Note**: The Dry-run mode verifies the repository push permission, even though nothing will be pushed. The verification is done to help user to figure out potential configuration issues.

 ### ci

@@ -138,7 +149,7 @@ Output debugging information. This can also be enabled by setting the `DEBUG` en
 ## Git environment variables

 | Variable              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Default                              |
-|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
+| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ |
 | `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`     | The author name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).     | @semantic-release-bot.               |
 | `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`    | The author email associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).    | @semantic-release-bot email address. |
 | `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`  | The committer name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).  | @semantic-release-bot.               |
@@ -146,7 +157,8 @@ Output debugging information. This can also be enabled by setting the `DEBUG` en

 ## Existing version tags

-**semantic-release** uses [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) to determine the commits added since the last release. If a release has been published before setting up **semantic-release** you must make sure the most recent commit included in the last published release is in the [release branch](#branch) history and is tagged with the version released, formatted according to the [tag format](#tagformat) configured (defaults to `vx.y.z`).
+**semantic-release** uses [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) to determine the commits added since the last release.
+If a release has been published before setting up **semantic-release** you must make sure the most recent commit included in the last published release is in the [release branches](#branches) history and is tagged with the version released, formatted according to the [tag format](#tagformat) configured (defaults to `vx.y.z`).

 If the previous releases were published with [`npm publish`](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/publish) this should already be the case.

@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 # Getting started

 In order to use **semantic-release** you must follow these steps:
- [Install](./installation.md#installation) **semantic-release** in your project
- Configure your Continuous Integration service to [run **semantic-release**](./ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded)
- Configure your Git repository and package manager repository [authentication](ci-configuration.md#authentication) in your Continuous Integration service
- Configure **semantic-release** [options and plugins](./configuration.md#configuration)
+
+1. [Install](./installation.md#installation) **semantic-release** in your project
+2. Configure your Continuous Integration service to [run **semantic-release**](./ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded)
+3. Configure your Git repository and package manager repository [authentication](ci-configuration.md#authentication) in your Continuous Integration service
+4. Configure **semantic-release** [options and plugins](./configuration.md#configuration)

 Alternatively those steps can be easily done with the [**semantic-release** interactive CLI](https://github.com/semantic-release/cli):

 ```bash
-npm install -g semantic-release-cli
-
 cd your-module
-semantic-release-cli setup
+npx semantic-release-cli setup
 ```

 ![dialogue](../../media/semantic-release-cli.png)
@@ -24,6 +24,28 @@ For other type of projects we recommend installing **semantic-release** directly
 $ npx semantic-release
 ```

-**Note:** For a global installation, it's recommended to specify the major **semantic-release** version to install (for example with with `npx semantic-release@15`, or `npm install -g semantic-release@15`). This way your build will not automatically use the next major **semantic-release** release that could possibly break your build. You will have to upgrade manually when a new major version is released.
+### Notes

-**Note:** `npx` is a tool bundled with `npm@>=5.2.0`. It is used to conveniently install the semantic-release binary and to execute it. See [What is npx](../support/FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.
+1. If you've globally installed **semantic-release** then we recommend that you set the major **semantic-release** version to install.
+   For example, by using `npx semantic-release@18`.
+   This way you control which major version of **semantic-release** is used by your build, and thus avoid breaking the build when there's a new major version of **semantic-release**.
+   This also means you, or a bot, must upgrade **semantic-release** when a new major version is released.
+2. Pinning **semantic-release** to an exact version makes your releases even more deterministic.
+   But pinning also means you, or a bot, must update to newer versions of **semantic-release** more often.
+3. You can use [Renovate's regex manager](https://docs.renovatebot.com/modules/manager/regex/) to get automatic updates for **semantic-release** in either of the above scenarios.
+   Put this in your Renovate configuration file:
+   ```json
+   {
+     "regexManagers": [
+       {
+         "description": "Update semantic-release version used by npx",
+         "fileMatch": ["^\\.github/workflows/[^/]+\\.ya?ml$"],
+         "matchStrings": ["\\srun: npx semantic-release@(?<currentValue>.*?)\\s"],
+         "datasourceTemplate": "npm",
+         "depNameTemplate": "semantic-release"
+       }
+     ]
+   }
+   ```
+4. `npx` is a tool bundled with `npm@>=5.2.0`. You can use it to install (and run) the **semantic-release** binary.
+   See [What is npx](../support/FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.
@@ -5,36 +5,43 @@ Each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) is implemented by configurabl
 A plugin is a npm module that can implement one or more of the following steps:

 | Step               | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
-|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| ------------------ | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | `verifyConditions` | No       | Responsible for verifying conditions necessary to proceed with the release: configuration is correct, authentication token are valid, etc...                                                                         |
 | `analyzeCommits`   | Yes      | Responsible for determining the type of the next release (`major`, `minor` or `patch`). If multiple plugins with a `analyzeCommits` step are defined, the release type will be the highest one among plugins output. |
 | `verifyRelease`    | No       | Responsible for verifying the parameters (version, type, dist-tag etc...) of the release that is about to be published.                                                                                              |
 | `generateNotes`    | No       | Responsible for generating the content of the release note. If multiple plugins with a `generateNotes` step are defined, the release notes will be the result of the concatenation of each plugin output.            |
 | `prepare`          | No       | Responsible for preparing the release, for example creating or updating files such as `package.json`, `CHANGELOG.md`, documentation or compiled assets and pushing a commit.                                         |
 | `publish`          | No       | Responsible for publishing the release.                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `addChannel`       | No       | Responsible for adding a release channel (e.g. adding an npm dist-tag to a release).                                                                                                                                 |
 | `success`          | No       | Responsible for notifying of a new release.                                                                                                                                                                          |
 | `fail`             | No       | Responsible for notifying of a failed release.                                                                                                                                                                       |

+Release steps will run in that order. At each step, **semantic-release** will run every plugin in the [`plugins` array](#plugins-declaration-and-execution-order), as long as the plugin implements the step.
+
 **Note:** If no plugin with a `analyzeCommits` step is defined `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer` will be used.

 ## Plugins installation

-These five plugins are already part of **semantic-release** and don't have to be installed separately:
+### Default plugins
+
+These four plugins are already part of **semantic-release** and are listed in order of execution. They do not have to be installed separately:
+
 ```
-"@semantic-release/commit-analyzer"	
-"@semantic-release/error"	
-"@semantic-release/github"	
-"@semantic-release/npm"	
+"@semantic-release/commit-analyzer"
 "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator"
+"@semantic-release/npm"
+"@semantic-release/github"
 ```

+### Additional plugins
+
 [Additional plugins](../extending/plugins-list.md) have to be installed via npm:

 ```bash
 $ npm install @semantic-release/git @semantic-release/changelog -D
 ```

-## Plugins configuration
+## Plugins declaration and execution order

 Each plugin must be configured with the [`plugins` options](./configuration.md#plugins) by specifying the list of plugins by npm module name.

@@ -44,9 +51,9 @@ Each plugin must be configured with the [`plugins` options](./configuration.md#p
 }
 ```

-## Plugin ordering
+**Note:** If the `plugins` option is defined, it overrides the default plugin list, rather than merging with it.

-For each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) the plugins that implement that step will be executed in the order in which the are defined.
+For each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) the plugins that implement that step will be executed in the order in which they are defined.

 ```json
 {
@@ -60,26 +67,32 @@ For each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) the plugins that implemen
 ```

 With this configuration **semantic-release** will:
+
 - execute the `verifyConditions` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm` then `@semantic-release/git`
 - execute the `analyzeCommits` implementation of `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer`
- execute the `prepare` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm` then `@semantic-release/git`
 - execute the `generateNotes` implementation of `@semantic-release/release-notes-generator`
+- execute the `prepare` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm` then `@semantic-release/git`
 - execute the `publish` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm`

-## Plugin options
+Order is first determined by release steps (such as `verifyConditions` → `analyzeCommits`). At each release step, plugins are executed in the order in which they are defined.

-A plugin options can specified by wrapping the name and an options object in an array. Options configured this way will be passed only to that specific plugin.
+## Plugin options configuration

-Global plugin options can defined at the root of the **semantic-release** configuration object. Options configured this way will be passed to all plugins.
+A plugin configuration can be specified by wrapping the name and an options object in an array. Options configured this way will be passed only to that specific plugin.
+
+Global plugin configuration can be defined at the root of the **semantic-release** configuration object. Options configured this way will be passed to all plugins.

 ```json
 {
  "plugins": [
    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
-    ["@semantic-release/github", {
-      "assets": ["dist/**"]
-      }],
+    [
+      "@semantic-release/github",
+      {
+        "assets": ["dist/**"]
+      }
+    ],
    "@semantic-release/git"
  ],
  "preset": "angular"
@@ -87,5 +100,6 @@ Global plugin options can defined at the root of the **semantic-release** config
 ```

 With this configuration:
+
 - All plugins will receive the `preset` option, which will be used by both `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer` and `@semantic-release/release-notes-generator` (and ignored by `@semantic-release/github` and `@semantic-release/git`)
 - The `@semantic-release/github` plugin will receive the `assets` options (`@semantic-release/git` will not receive it and therefore will use it's default value for that option)
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+# Workflow configuration
+
+**semantic-release** allow to manage and automate complex release workflow, based on multiple Git branches and distribution channels. This allow to:
+
+- Distribute certain releases to a particular group of users via distribution channels
+- Manage the availability of releases on distribution channels via branches merge
+- Maintain multiple lines of releases in parallel
+- Work on large future releases outside the normal flow of one version increment per Git push
+
+See [Release workflow recipes](../recipes/release-workflow/README.md#release-workflow) for detailed examples.
+
+The release workflow is configured via the [branches option](./configuration.md#branches) which accepts a single or an array of branch definitions.
+Each branch can be defined either as a string, a [glob](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features) or an object. For string and glob definitions each [property](#branches-properties) will be defaulted.
+
+A branch can be defined as one of three types:
+
+- [release](#release-branches): to make releases on top of the last version released
+- [maintenance](#maintenance-branches): to make releases on top of an old release
+- [pre-release](#pre-release-branches): to make pre-releases
+
+The type of the branch is automatically determined based on naming convention and/or [properties](#branches-properties).
+
+## Branches properties
+
+| Property     | Branch type                               | Description                                                                                                                                                                             | Default                                                                                         |
+| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `name`       | All                                       | **Required.** The Git branch holding the commits to analyze and the code to release. See [name](#name).                                                                                 | - The value itself if defined as a `String` or the matching branches name if defined as a glob. |
+| `channel`    | All                                       | The distribution channel on which to publish releases from this branch. Set to `false` to force the default distribution channel instead of using the default. See [channel](#channel). | `undefined` for the first release branch, the value of `name` for subsequent ones.              |
+| `range`      | [maintenance](#maintenance-branches) only | **Required unless `name` is formatted like `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number).** The range of [semantic versions](https://semver.org) to support on this branch. See [range](#range).   | The value of `name`.                                                                            |
+| `prerelease` | [pre-release](#pre-release-branches) only | **Required.** The pre-release denotation to append to [semantic versions](https://semver.org) released from this branch. See [prerelease](#prerelease).                                 | -                                                                                               |
+
+### name
+
+A `name` is required for any type of branch.
+It can be defined as a [glob](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features) in which case the definition will be expanded to one per matching branch existing in the repository.
+
+If `name` doesn't match to any branch existing in the repository, the definition will be ignored. For example the default configuration includes the definition `next` and `next-major` which will become active only when the branches `next` and/or `next-major` are created in the repository. This allow to define your workflow once with all potential branches you might use and have the effective configuration evolving as you create new branches.
+
+For example the configuration `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next']` will be expanded as:
+
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    { name: "1.x", range: "1.x", channel: "1.x" }, // Only after the `1.x` is created in the repo
+    { name: "2.x", range: "2.x", channel: "2.x" }, // Only after the `2.x` is created in the repo
+    { name: "master" },
+    { name: "next", channel: "next" }, // Only after the `next` is created in the repo
+  ];
+}
+```
+
+### channel
+
+The `channel` can be defined for any branch type. By default releases will be done on the default distribution channel (for example the `@latest` [dist-tag](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag) for npm) for the first [release branch](#release-branches) and on a distribution channel named based on the branch `name` for any other branch.
+If the `channel` property is set to `false` the default channel will be used.
+
+The value of `channel`, if defined as a string, is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the variable `name` available.
+
+For example the configuration `['master', {name: 'next', channel: 'channel-${name}'}]` will be expanded as:
+
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    { name: "master" }, // `channel` is undefined so the default distribution channel will be used
+    { name: "next", channel: "channel-next" }, // `channel` is built with the template `channel-${name}`
+  ];
+}
+```
+
+### range
+
+A `range` only applies to maintenance branches, is required and must be formatted like `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number). In case the `name` is formatted as a range (for example `1.x` or `1.5.x`) the branch will be considered a maintenance branch and the `name` value will be used for the `range`.
+
+For example the configuration `['1.1.x', '1.2.x', 'master']` will be expanded as:
+
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    { name: "1.1.x", range: "1.1.x", channel: "1.1.x" },
+    { name: "1.2.x", range: "1.2.x", channel: "1.2.x" },
+    { name: "master" },
+  ];
+}
+```
+
+### prerelease
+
+A `prerelease` property applies only to pre-release branches and the `prerelease` value must be valid per the [Semantic Versioning Specification](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9). It will determine the name of versions (for example if `prerelease` is set to `beta` the version be formatted like `2.0.0-beta.1`, `2.0.0-beta.2` etc...).
+If the `prerelease` property is set to `true` the `name` value will be used.
+
+The value of `prerelease`, if defined as a string, is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the variable `name` available.
+
+For example the configuration `['master', {name: 'pre/rc', prerelease: '${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, "")}'}, {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}]` will be expanded as:
+
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    { name: "master" },
+    { name: "pre/rc", channel: "pre/rc", prerelease: "rc" }, // `prerelease` is built with the template `${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, "")}`
+    { name: "beta", channel: "beta", prerelease: true }, // `prerelease` is set to `beta` as it is the value of `name`
+  ];
+}
+```
+
+## Branch types
+
+### Release branches
+
+A release branch is the base type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [semantic version](https://semver.org), optionally on a specific distribution channel. Distribution channels (for example [npm dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag) or [Chrome release channels](https://www.chromium.org/getting-involved/dev-channel)) are a way to distribute new releases only to a subset of users in order to get early feedback. Later on, those releases can be added to the general distribution channel to be made available to all users.
+
+**semantic-release** will automatically add releases to the corresponding distribution channel when code is [merged from a release branch to another](#merging-into-a-release-branch).
+
+A project must define a minimum of 1 release branch and can have a maximum of 3. The order of the release branch definitions is significant, as versions released on a given branch must always be higher than the last release made on the previous branch. This allow to avoid situation that would lead to an attempt to publish releases with the same version number but different codebase. When multiple release branches are configured and a commit that would create a version conflict is pushed, **semantic-release** will not perform the release and will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error, listing the problematic commits and the valid branches on which to move them.
+
+**Note:** With **semantic-release** as with most package managers, a release version must be unique, independently of the distribution channel on which it is available.
+
+See [publishing on distribution channels recipe](../recipes/release-workflow/distribution-channels.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", "next"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` and the last one from `next` is `2.0.0` then:
+
+- Only versions in range `1.x.x` can be published from `master`, so only `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `master`
+- Once `next` get merged into `master` the release `2.0.0` will be made available on the channel associated with `master` and both `master` and `next` will accept any commit type
+
+This verification prevent scenario such as:
+
+1. Create a `feat` commit on `next` which triggers the release of version `1.0.0` on the `next` channel
+2. Merge `next` into `master` which adds `1.0.0` on the default channel
+3. Create a `feat` commit on `next` which triggers the release of version `1.1.0` on the `next` channel
+4. Create a `feat` commit on `master` which would attempt to release the version `1.1.0` on the default channel
+
+In step 4 **semantic-release** will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error to prevent the attempt at releasing version `1.1.0` which was already released on step 3 with a different codebase. The error will indicate that the commit should be created on `next` instead. Alternatively if the `next` branch is merged into `master`, the version `1.1.0` will be made available on the default channel and the `feat` commit would be allowed on `master` to release `1.2.0`.
+
+#### Merging into a release branch
+
+When merging commits associated with a release from one release branch to another, **semantic-release** will make the corresponding version available on the channel associated with the target branch.
+
+When merging commits not associated with a release, commits from a [maintenance branch](#maintenance-branches) or commits from a [pre-release branch](#pre-release-branches) **semantic-release** will treat them as [pushed commits](#pushing-to-a-release-branch) and publish a new release if necessary.
+
+### Maintenance branches
+
+A maintenance branch is a type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [semantic version](https://semver.org) on top of the codebase of an old release. This is useful when you need to provide fixes or features to users who cannot upgrade to the last version of your package.
+
+A maintenance branch is characterized by a range which defines the versions that can be published from it. The [`range`](#range) value of each maintenance branch must be unique across the project.
+
+**semantic-release** will always publish releases to a distribution channel specific to the range, so only the users who choose to use that particular line of versions will receive new releases.
+
+Maintenance branches are always considered lower than [release branches](#release-branches) and similarly to them, when a commit that would create a version conflict is pushed, **semantic-release** will not perform the release and will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error, listing the problematic commits and the valid branches on which to move them.
+
+**semantic-release** will automatically add releases to the corresponding distribution channel when code is [merged from a release or maintenance branch to another maintenance branch](#merging-into-a-maintenance-branch), however only versions within the branch `range` can be merged. If a merged version is outside the maintenance branch `range`, **semantic-release** will not add to the corresponding channel and will throw an `EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE` error.
+
+See [publishing maintenance releases recipe](../recipes/release-workflow/maintenance-releases.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a maintenance branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["1.0.x", "1.x", "master"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.5.0` then:
+
+- Only versions in range `>=1.0.0 <1.1.0` can be published from `1.0.x`, so only `fix` commits can be pushed to `1.0.x`
+- Only versions in range `>=1.1.0 <1.5.0` can be published from `1.x`, so only `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `1.x` as long the resulting release is lower than `1.5.0`
+- Once `2.0.0` is released from `master`, versions in range `>=1.1.0 <2.0.0` can be published from `1.x`, so any number of `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `1.x`
+
+#### Merging into a maintenance branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["1.0.x", "1.x", "master"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` then:
+
+- Creating the branch `1.0.x` from `master` will make the `1.0.0` release available on the `1.0.x` distribution channel
+- Pushing a `fix` commit on the `1.0.x` branch will release the version `1.0.1` on the `1.0.x` distribution channel
+- Creating the branch `1.x` from `master` will make the `1.0.0` release available on the `1.x` distribution channel
+- Merging the branch `1.0.x` into `1.x` will make the version `1.0.1` available on the `1.x` distribution channel
+
+### Pre-release branches
+
+A pre-release branch is a type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [pre-release version](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9).
+Using a pre-release version allow to publish multiple releases with the same version. Those release will be differentiated via their identifiers (in `1.0.0-alpha.1` the identifier is `alpha.1`).
+This is useful when you need to work on a future major release that will include many breaking changes but you do not want to increment the version number for each breaking change commit.
+
+A pre-release branch is characterized by the `prerelease` property that defines the static part of the version released (in `1.0.0-alpha.1` the static part fo the identifier is `alpha`). The [`prerelease`](#prerelease) value of each pre-release branch must be unique across the project.
+
+**semantic-release** will always publish pre-releases to a specific distribution channel, so only the users who choose to use that particular line of versions will receive new releases.
+
+When merging commits associated with an existing release, **semantic-release** will treat them as [pushed commits](#pushing-to-a-pre-release-branch) and publish a new release if necessary, but it will never add those releases to the distribution channel corresponding to the pre-release branch.
+
+See [publishing pre-releases recipe](../recipes/release-workflow/pre-releases.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a pre-release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", {"name": "beta", "prerelease": true}]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` then:
+
+- Pushing a `BREAKING CHANGE` commit on the `beta` branch will release the version `2.0.0-beta.1` on the `beta` distribution channel
+- Pushing either a `fix`, `feat` or a `BREAKING CHANGE` commit on the `beta` branch will release the version `2.0.0-beta.2` (then `2.0.0-beta.3`, `2.0.0-beta.4`, etc...) on the `beta` distribution channel
+
+#### Merging into a pre-release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", {"name": "beta", "prerelease": true}]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` and the last one published from `beta` is `2.0.0-beta.1` then:
+
+- Pushing a `fix` commit on the `master` branch will release the version `1.0.1` on the default distribution channel
+- Merging the branch `master` into `beta` will release the version `2.0.0-beta.2` on the `beta` distribution channel
@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+declare interface AggregateError extends Error {
+  errors: any[];
+}
+
+declare module "semantic-release" {
+  import { Signale } from "signale";
+  export interface EnvCi {
+    /**
+     * Boolean, true if the environment is a CI environment
+     */
+    isCi: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * Commit hash
+     */
+    commit: string;
+
+    /**
+     * Current branch name
+     */
+    branch: string;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Base context used in every semantic release step.
+   */
+  export interface BaseContext {
+    /**
+     * stdout for semantic-release process
+     */
+    stdout: NodeJS.WriteStream;
+
+    /**
+     * stderr for semantic-release process
+     */
+    stderr: NodeJS.WriteStream;
+
+    /**
+     * Signale console loger instance.
+     *
+     * Has error, log and success methods.
+     */
+    logger: Signale<"error" | "log" | "success">;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the verify conditions step.
+   */
+  export interface VerifyConditionsContext extends BaseContext {
+    /**
+     * The current working directory to use. It should be configured to
+     * the root of the Git repository to release from.
+     *
+     * It allows to run semantic-release from a specific path without
+     * having to change the local process cwd with process.chdir().
+     *
+     * @default process.cwd
+     */
+    cwd?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The environment variables to use.
+     *
+     * It allows to run semantic-release with specific environment
+     * variables without having to modify the local process.env.
+     *
+     * @default process.env
+     */
+    env: Record<string, string>;
+
+    /**
+     * Information about the CI environment.
+     */
+    envCi: EnvCi;
+
+    /**
+     * Information of the current branch
+     */
+    branch: BranchObject;
+
+    /**
+     * Information on branches
+     */
+    branches: ReadonlyArray<BranchObject>;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the analyze commits step.
+   */
+  export interface AnalyzeCommitsContext extends VerifyConditionsContext {
+    /**
+     * List of commits taken into account when determining the new version.
+     */
+    commits: ReadonlyArray<Commit>;
+
+    /**
+     * List of releases
+     */
+    releases: ReadonlyArray<Release>;
+
+    /**
+     * Last release
+     */
+    lastRelease: LastRelease;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the verify release step.
+   */
+  export interface VerifyReleaseContext extends AnalyzeCommitsContext {
+    /**
+     * The next release.
+     */
+    nextRelease: NextRelease;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the generate notes step.
+   */
+  export type GenerateNotesContext = VerifyReleaseContext;
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the add channel step.
+   */
+  export type AddChannelContext = VerifyReleaseContext;
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the prepare step.
+   */
+  export type PrepareContext = VerifyReleaseContext;
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the publish step.
+   */
+  export type PublishContext = VerifyReleaseContext;
+
+  /**
+   * Context used for the success step.
+   */
+  export type SuccessContext = VerifyReleaseContext;
+
+  export interface FailContext extends BaseContext {
+    /**
+     * Errors that occurred during the release process.
+     */
+    errors: AggregateError;
+  }
+
+  export interface Commit {
+    /**
+     * The commit abbreviated and full hash.
+     */
+    commit: {
+      /**
+       * The commit hash.
+       */
+      long: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The commit abbreviated hash.
+       */
+      short: string;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The commit abbreviated and full tree hash.
+     */
+    tree: {
+      /**
+       * The commit tree hash.
+       */
+      long: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The commit abbreviated tree hash.
+       */
+      short: string;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The commit author information.
+     */
+    author: {
+      /**
+       * The commit author name.
+       */
+      name: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The commit author email.
+       */
+      email: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The commit author date.
+       */
+      short: string;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The committer information.
+     */
+    committer: {
+      /**
+       * The committer name.
+       */
+      name: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The committer email.
+       */
+      email: string;
+
+      /**
+       * The committer date.
+       */
+      short: string;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The commit subject.
+     */
+    subject: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The commit body.
+     */
+    body: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The commit full message (subject and body).
+     */
+    message: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The commit hash.
+     */
+    hash: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The committer date.
+     */
+    committerDate: string;
+  }
+
+  export interface BranchObject {
+    /**
+     * The name of git branch.
+     *
+     * A `name` is required for all types of branch. It can be defined as a
+     * [glob](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features)
+     * in which case the definition will be expanded to one per matching
+     * branch existing in the repository.
+     *
+     * If `name` doesn't match any branch existing in the repository, the
+     * definition will be ignored. For example, the default configuration
+     * includes the definition `next` and `next-major` which will become
+     * active only  when the branches `next` and/or `next-major` are
+     * created in the repository.
+     */
+    name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The distribution channel on which to publish releases from this
+     * branch.
+     *
+     * If this field is set to `false`, then the branch will be released
+     * on the default distribution channel (for example the `@latest`
+     * [dist-tag](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag) for npm). This is
+     * also the default behavior for the first
+     * [release branch](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/workflow-configuration#release-branches)
+     * if the channel property is not set.
+     *
+     * For all other branches, if the channel property is not set, then the
+     * channel name will be the same as the branch name.
+     *
+     * The value of `channel`, if defined as a string, is generated with
+     * [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the
+     * variable `name` set to the branch name.
+     *
+     * For example `{name: 'next', channel: 'channel-${name}'}` will be
+     * expanded to `{name: 'next', channel: 'channel-next'}`.
+     */
+    channel?: string | false | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The range of [semantic versions](https://semver.org/) to support on
+     * this branch.
+     *
+     * A `range` only applies to maintenance branches and must be formatted
+     * like `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number). If no range is specified
+     * but the `name` is formatted as a range, then the branch will be
+     * considered a maintenance branch and the `name` value will be used
+     * for the `range`.
+     *
+     * Required for maintenance branches, unless `name` is formatted like
+     * `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number).
+     */
+    range?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The pre-release identifier to append to [semantic versions](https://semver.org/)
+     * released from this branch.
+     *
+     * A `prerelease` property applies only to pre-release branches and
+     * the `prerelease` value must be valid per the [Semantic Versioning
+     * Specification](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9). It will determine
+     * the name of versions. For example if `prerelease` is set to
+     * `"beta"`, the version will be formatted like `2.0.0-beta.1`,
+     * `2.0.0-beta.2`, etc.
+     *
+     * The value of `prerelease`, if defined as a string, is generated with
+     * [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the
+     * variable `name` set to the name of the branch.
+     *
+     * If the `prerelease property is set to `true` then the name of the
+     * branch is used as the pre-release identifier.
+     *
+     * Required for pre-release branches.
+     */
+    prerelease?: string | boolean | undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Specifies a git branch holding commits to analyze and code to release.
+   *
+   * Each branch may be defined either by a string or an object. Specifying
+   * a string is a shortcut for specifying that string as the `name` field,
+   * for example `"master"` expands to `{name: "master"}`.
+   */
+  export type BranchSpec = string | BranchObject;
+
+  /**
+   * A semver release type.
+   * See https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer/blob/master/lib/default-release-types.js
+   */
+  export type ReleaseType = "prerelease" | "prepatch" | "patch" | "preminor" | "minor" | "premajor" | "major";
+
+  /**
+   * Details of a release published by a publish plugin.
+   */
+  export interface Release {
+    /**
+     * The release name, only if set by the corresponding publish plugin.
+     */
+    name?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The release URL, only if set by the corresponding publish plugin.
+     */
+    url?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The semver export type of the release.
+     */
+    type: ReleaseType;
+
+    /**
+     * The version of the release.
+     */
+    version: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The sha of the last commit being part of the release.
+     */
+    gitHead: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The Git tag associated with the release.
+     */
+    gitTag: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The release notes for the release.
+     */
+    notes: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the plugin that published the release.
+     */
+    pluginName: string;
+  }
+
+  export interface LastRelease {
+    /**
+     * The version name of the release.
+     */
+    version: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The Git tag of the release.
+     */
+    gitTag: string;
+
+    /**
+     * List of channels the release was published to.
+     */
+    channels: string[];
+
+    /**
+     * The Git checksum of the last commit of the release.
+     */
+    gitHead: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The Release name
+     */
+    name: string;
+  }
+
+  export interface NextRelease extends Omit<LastRelease, "channels"> {
+    /**
+     * The semver export type of the release.
+     */
+    type: ReleaseType;
+
+    /**
+     * The release channel of the release.
+     */
+    channel: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The release notes of the next release.
+     */
+    notes?: string | undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Specifies a plugin to use.
+   *
+   * The plugin is specified by its module name.
+   *
+   * To pass options to a plugin, specify an array containing the plugin module
+   * name and an options object.
+   */
+  export type PluginSpec<T = any> = string | [string, T];
+
+  /**
+   * semantic-release options, after normalization and defaults have been
+   * applied.
+   */
+  export interface GlobalConfig extends Options {
+    /**
+     * The branches on which releases should happen. By default
+     * **semantic-release** will release:
+     *
+     *  * regular releases to the default distribution channel from the
+     *    branch `master`
+     *  * regular releases to a distribution channel matching the branch
+     *    name from any existing branch with a name matching a maintenance
+     *    release range (`N.N.x` or `N.x.x` or `N.x` with `N` being a
+     *    number)
+     *  * regular releases to the `next` distribution channel from the
+     *    branch `next` if it exists
+     *  * regular releases to the `next-major` distribution channel from
+     *    the branch `next-major` if it exists.
+     *  * prereleases to the `beta` distribution channel from the branch
+     *    `beta` if it exists
+     *  * prereleases to the `alpha` distribution channel from the branch
+     *    `alpha` if it exists
+     *
+     * **Note**: If your repository does not have a release branch, then
+     * **semantic-release** will fail with an `ERELEASEBRANCHES` error
+     * message. If you are using the default configuration, you can fix
+     * this error by pushing a `master` branch.
+     *
+     * **Note**: Once **semantic-release** is configured, any user with the
+     * permission to push commits on one of those branches will be able to
+     * publish a release. It is recommended to protect those branches, for
+     * example with [GitHub protected branches](https://help.github.com/articles/about-protected-branches).
+     *
+     * See [Workflow configuration](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/workflow-configuration#workflow-configuration)
+     * for more details.
+     */
+    branches: ReadonlyArray<BranchSpec> | BranchSpec;
+
+    /**
+     * The git repository URL.
+     *
+     * Any valid git url format is supported (see
+     * [git protocols](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols))
+     *
+     * Default: `repository` property in `package.json`, or git origin url.
+     */
+    repositoryUrl: string;
+
+    /**
+     * The git tag format used by **semantic-release** to identify
+     * releases. The tag name is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template)
+     * and will be compiled with the `version` variable.
+     *
+     * **Note**: The `tagFormat` must contain the `version` variable
+     * exactly once and compile to a
+     * [valid git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).
+     */
+    tagFormat: string;
+
+    /**
+     * Define the list of plugins to use. Plugins will run in series, in
+     * the order defined, for each [step](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/#release-steps)
+     * if they implement it.
+     *
+     * Plugins configuration can be defined by wrapping the name and an
+     * options object in an array.
+     *
+     * See [Plugins configuration](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/plugins#plugins)
+     * for more details.
+     *
+     * Default: `[
+     *     "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+     *     "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+     *     "@semantic-release/npm",
+     *     "@semantic-release/github"
+     * ]`
+     */
+    plugins: ReadonlyArray<PluginSpec>;
+  }
+
+  /** semantic-release configuration specific for API usage. */
+  export interface Config {
+    /**
+     * The current working directory to use. It should be configured to
+     * the root of the Git repository to release from.
+     *
+     * It allows to run semantic-release from a specific path without
+     * having to change the local process cwd with process.chdir().
+     *
+     * @default process.cwd
+     */
+    cwd?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The environment variables to use.
+     *
+     * It allows to run semantic-release with specific environment
+     * variables without having to modify the local process.env.
+     *
+     * @default process.env
+     */
+    env?: Record<string, any> | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The writable stream used to log information.
+     *
+     * It allows to configure semantic-release to write logs to a specific
+     * stream rather than the local process.stdout.
+     *
+     * @default process.stdout
+     */
+    stdout?: NodeJS.WriteStream | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The writable stream used to log errors.
+     *
+     * It allows to configure semantic-release to write errors to a
+     * specific stream rather than the local process.stderr.
+     *
+     * @default process.stderr
+     */
+    stderr?: NodeJS.WriteStream | undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * semantic-release options.
+   *
+   * Can be used to set any core option or plugin options.
+   * Each option will take precedence over options configured in the
+   * configuration file and shareable configurations.
+   */
+  export interface Options {
+    /**
+     * List of modules or file paths containing a
+     * [shareable configuration](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/shareable-configurations).
+     * If multiple shareable configurations are set, they will be imported
+     * in the order defined with each configuration option taking
+     * precedence over the options defined in a previous shareable
+     * configuration.
+     *
+     * **Note**: Options defined via CLI arguments or in the configuration
+     * file will take precedence over the ones defined in any shareable
+     * configuration.
+     */
+    extends?: ReadonlyArray<string> | string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The branches on which releases should happen. By default
+     * **semantic-release** will release:
+     *
+     *  * regular releases to the default distribution channel from the
+     *    branch `master`
+     *  * regular releases to a distribution channel matching the branch
+     *    name from any existing branch with a name matching a maintenance
+     *    release range (`N.N.x` or `N.x.x` or `N.x` with `N` being a
+     *    number)
+     *  * regular releases to the `next` distribution channel from the
+     *    branch `next` if it exists
+     *  * regular releases to the `next-major` distribution channel from
+     *    the branch `next-major` if it exists.
+     *  * prereleases to the `beta` distribution channel from the branch
+     *    `beta` if it exists
+     *  * prereleases to the `alpha` distribution channel from the branch
+     *    `alpha` if it exists
+     *
+     * **Note**: If your repository does not have a release branch, then
+     * **semantic-release** will fail with an `ERELEASEBRANCHES` error
+     * message. If you are using the default configuration, you can fix
+     * this error by pushing a `master` branch.
+     *
+     * **Note**: Once **semantic-release** is configured, any user with the
+     * permission to push commits on one of those branches will be able to
+     * publish a release. It is recommended to protect those branches, for
+     * example with [GitHub protected branches](https://help.github.com/articles/about-protected-branches).
+     *
+     * See [Workflow configuration](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/workflow-configuration#workflow-configuration)
+     * for more details.
+     */
+    branches?: ReadonlyArray<BranchSpec> | BranchSpec | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The git repository URL.
+     *
+     * Any valid git url format is supported (see
+     * [git protocols](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols))
+     *
+     * Default: `repository` property in `package.json`, or git origin url.
+     */
+    repositoryUrl?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * The git tag format used by **semantic-release** to identify
+     * releases. The tag name is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template)
+     * and will be compiled with the `version` variable.
+     *
+     * **Note**: The `tagFormat` must contain the `version` variable
+     * exactly once and compile to a
+     * [valid git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).
+     */
+    tagFormat?: string | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * Define the list of plugins to use. Plugins will run in series, in
+     * the order defined, for each [step](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/#release-steps)
+     * if they implement it.
+     *
+     * Plugins configuration can be defined by wrapping the name and an
+     * options object in an array.
+     *
+     * See [Plugins configuration](https://semantic-release.gitbook.io/semantic-release/usage/plugins#plugins)
+     * for more details.
+     *
+     * Default: `[
+     *     "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+     *     "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+     *     "@semantic-release/npm",
+     *     "@semantic-release/github"
+     * ]`
+     */
+    plugins?: ReadonlyArray<PluginSpec> | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * Dry-run mode, skip publishing, print next version and release notes.
+     */
+    dryRun?: boolean | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * Set to false to skip Continuous Integration environment verifications.
+     * This allows for making releases from a local machine.
+     */
+    ci?: boolean | undefined;
+
+    /**
+     * Any other options supported by plugins.
+     */
+    [name: string]: any;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * An object with details of the release if a release was published, or
+   * false if no release was published.
+   */
+  export type Result =
+    | false
+    | {
+        /**
+         * Information related to the last release found.
+         */
+        lastRelease: LastRelease;
+
+        /**
+         * The list of commits included in the new release.
+         */
+        commits: Commit[];
+
+        /**
+         * Information related to the newly published release.
+         */
+        nextRelease: NextRelease;
+
+        /**
+         * The list of releases published, one release per publish plugin.
+         */
+        releases: Release[];
+      };
+
+  /**
+   * Run semantic-release and returns a Promise that resolves to a Result
+   * object.
+   * @async
+   */
+  export default function (options: Options, environment?: Config): Promise<Result>;
+}
@@ -1,40 +1,57 @@
-const {template, pick} = require('lodash');
-const marked = require('marked');
-const TerminalRenderer = require('marked-terminal');
-const envCi = require('env-ci');
-const hookStd = require('hook-std');
-const pkg = require('./package.json');
-const hideSensitive = require('./lib/hide-sensitive');
-const getConfig = require('./lib/get-config');
-const verify = require('./lib/verify');
-const getNextVersion = require('./lib/get-next-version');
-const getCommits = require('./lib/get-commits');
-const getLastRelease = require('./lib/get-last-release');
-const {extractErrors} = require('./lib/utils');
-const getGitAuthUrl = require('./lib/get-git-auth-url');
-const getLogger = require('./lib/get-logger');
-const {fetch, verifyAuth, isBranchUpToDate, getGitHead, tag, push} = require('./lib/git');
-const getError = require('./lib/get-error');
-const {COMMIT_NAME, COMMIT_EMAIL} = require('./lib/definitions/constants');
+import { createRequire } from "node:module";
+import { pick } from "lodash-es";
+import * as marked from "marked";
+import envCi from "env-ci";
+import { hookStd } from "hook-std";
+import semver from "semver";
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";
+import hideSensitive from "./lib/hide-sensitive.js";
+import getConfig from "./lib/get-config.js";
+import verify from "./lib/verify.js";
+import getNextVersion from "./lib/get-next-version.js";
+import getCommits from "./lib/get-commits.js";
+import getLastRelease from "./lib/get-last-release.js";
+import getReleaseToAdd from "./lib/get-release-to-add.js";
+import { extractErrors, makeTag } from "./lib/utils.js";
+import getGitAuthUrl from "./lib/get-git-auth-url.js";
+import getBranches from "./lib/branches/index.js";
+import getLogger from "./lib/get-logger.js";
+import { addNote, getGitHead, getTagHead, isBranchUpToDate, push, pushNotes, tag, verifyAuth } from "./lib/git.js";
+import getError from "./lib/get-error.js";
+import { COMMIT_EMAIL, COMMIT_NAME } from "./lib/definitions/constants.js";

-marked.setOptions({renderer: new TerminalRenderer()});
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+const pkg = require("./package.json");

+let markedOptionsSet = false;
+async function terminalOutput(text) {
+  if (!markedOptionsSet) {
+    const { default: TerminalRenderer } = await import("marked-terminal"); // eslint-disable-line node/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax
+    marked.setOptions({ renderer: new TerminalRenderer() });
+    markedOptionsSet = true;
+  }
+
+  return marked.parse(text);
+}
+
+/* eslint complexity: off */
 async function run(context, plugins) {
-  const {cwd, env, options, logger} = context;
-  const {isCi, branch: ciBranch, isPr} = envCi({env, cwd});
+  const { cwd, env, options, logger, envCi } = context;
+  const { isCi, branch, prBranch, isPr } = envCi;
+  const ciBranch = isPr ? prBranch : branch;

  if (!isCi && !options.dryRun && !options.noCi) {
-    logger.warn('This run was not triggered in a known CI environment, running in dry-run mode.');
+    logger.warn("This run was not triggered in a known CI environment, running in dry-run mode.");
    options.dryRun = true;
  } else {
-    // When running on CI, set the commits author and commiter info and prevent the `git` CLI to prompt for username/password. See #703.
+    // When running on CI, set the commits author and committer info and prevent the `git` CLI to prompt for username/password. See #703.
    Object.assign(env, {
      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: COMMIT_NAME,
      GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: COMMIT_EMAIL,
      GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: COMMIT_NAME,
      GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL: COMMIT_EMAIL,
      ...env,
-      GIT_ASKPASS: 'echo',
+      GIT_ASKPASS: "echo",
      GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT: 0,
    });
  }
@@ -44,30 +61,35 @@ async function run(context, plugins) {
    return false;
  }

-  if (ciBranch !== options.branch) {
+  // Verify config
+  await verify(context);
+
+  options.repositoryUrl = await getGitAuthUrl({ ...context, branch: { name: ciBranch } });
+  context.branches = await getBranches(options.repositoryUrl, ciBranch, context);
+  context.branch = context.branches.find(({ name }) => name === ciBranch);
+
+  if (!context.branch) {
    logger.log(
-      `This test run was triggered on the branch ${ciBranch}, while semantic-release is configured to only publish from ${
-        options.branch
-      }, therefore a new version won’t be published.`
+      `This test run was triggered on the branch ${ciBranch}, while semantic-release is configured to only publish from ${context.branches
+        .map(({ name }) => name)
+        .join(", ")}, therefore a new version won’t be published.`
    );
    return false;
  }

-  logger[options.dryRun ? 'warn' : 'success'](
-    `Run automated release from branch ${ciBranch}${options.dryRun ? ' in dry-run mode' : ''}`
+  logger[options.dryRun ? "warn" : "success"](
+    `Run automated release from branch ${ciBranch} on repository ${options.originalRepositoryURL}${
+      options.dryRun ? " in dry-run mode" : ""
+    }`
  );

-  await verify(context);
-
-  options.repositoryUrl = await getGitAuthUrl(context);
-
  try {
    try {
-      await verifyAuth(options.repositoryUrl, options.branch, {cwd, env});
+      await verifyAuth(options.repositoryUrl, context.branch.name, { cwd, env });
    } catch (error) {
-      if (!(await isBranchUpToDate(options.branch, {cwd, env}))) {
+      if (!(await isBranchUpToDate(options.repositoryUrl, context.branch.name, { cwd, env }))) {
        logger.log(
-          `The local branch ${options.branch} is behind the remote one, therefore a new version won't be published.`
+          `The local branch ${context.branch.name} is behind the remote one, therefore a new version won't be published.`
        );
        return false;
      }
@@ -75,29 +97,100 @@ async function run(context, plugins) {
      throw error;
    }
  } catch (error) {
-    logger.error(`The command "${error.cmd}" failed with the error message ${error.stderr}.`);
-    throw getError('EGITNOPERMISSION', {options});
+    logger.error(`The command "${error.command}" failed with the error message ${error.stderr}.`);
+    throw getError("EGITNOPERMISSION", context);
  }

  logger.success(`Allowed to push to the Git repository`);

  await plugins.verifyConditions(context);

-  await fetch(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+  const errors = [];
+  context.releases = [];
+  const releaseToAdd = getReleaseToAdd(context);
+
+  if (releaseToAdd) {
+    const { lastRelease, currentRelease, nextRelease } = releaseToAdd;
+
+    nextRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(nextRelease.gitHead, { cwd, env });
+    currentRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(currentRelease.gitHead, { cwd, env });
+    if (context.branch.mergeRange && !semver.satisfies(nextRelease.version, context.branch.mergeRange)) {
+      errors.push(getError("EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE", { ...context, nextRelease }));
+    } else {
+      const commits = await getCommits({ ...context, lastRelease, nextRelease });
+      nextRelease.notes = await plugins.generateNotes({ ...context, commits, lastRelease, nextRelease });
+
+      if (options.dryRun) {
+        logger.warn(`Skip ${nextRelease.gitTag} tag creation in dry-run mode`);
+      } else {
+        await addNote({ channels: [...currentRelease.channels, nextRelease.channel] }, nextRelease.gitHead, {
+          cwd,
+          env,
+        });
+        await push(options.repositoryUrl, { cwd, env });
+        await pushNotes(options.repositoryUrl, { cwd, env });
+        logger.success(
+          `Add ${nextRelease.channel ? `channel ${nextRelease.channel}` : "default channel"} to tag ${
+            nextRelease.gitTag
+          }`
+        );
+      }
+
+      context.branch.tags.push({
+        version: nextRelease.version,
+        channel: nextRelease.channel,
+        gitTag: nextRelease.gitTag,
+        gitHead: nextRelease.gitHead,
+      });
+
+      const releases = await plugins.addChannel({ ...context, commits, lastRelease, currentRelease, nextRelease });
+      context.releases.push(...releases);
+      await plugins.success({ ...context, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases });
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+
+  context.lastRelease = getLastRelease(context);
+  if (context.lastRelease.gitHead) {
+    context.lastRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(context.lastRelease.gitHead, { cwd, env });
+  }
+
+  if (context.lastRelease.gitTag) {
+    logger.log(
+      `Found git tag ${context.lastRelease.gitTag} associated with version ${context.lastRelease.version} on branch ${context.branch.name}`
+    );
+  } else {
+    logger.log(`No git tag version found on branch ${context.branch.name}`);
+  }

-  context.lastRelease = await getLastRelease(context);
  context.commits = await getCommits(context);

-  const nextRelease = {type: await plugins.analyzeCommits(context), gitHead: await getGitHead({cwd, env})};
-
+  const nextRelease = {
+    type: await plugins.analyzeCommits(context),
+    channel: context.branch.channel || null,
+    gitHead: await getGitHead({ cwd, env }),
+  };
  if (!nextRelease.type) {
-    logger.log('There are no relevant changes, so no new version is released.');
-    return false;
+    logger.log("There are no relevant changes, so no new version is released.");
+    return context.releases.length > 0 ? { releases: context.releases } : false;
  }

  context.nextRelease = nextRelease;
  nextRelease.version = getNextVersion(context);
-  nextRelease.gitTag = template(options.tagFormat)({version: nextRelease.version});
+  nextRelease.gitTag = makeTag(options.tagFormat, nextRelease.version);
+  nextRelease.name = nextRelease.gitTag;
+
+  if (context.branch.type !== "prerelease" && !semver.satisfies(nextRelease.version, context.branch.range)) {
+    throw getError("EINVALIDNEXTVERSION", {
+      ...context,
+      validBranches: context.branches.filter(
+        ({ type, accept }) => type !== "prerelease" && accept.includes(nextRelease.type)
+      ),
+    });
+  }

  await plugins.verifyRelease(context);

@@ -109,62 +202,74 @@ async function run(context, plugins) {
    logger.warn(`Skip ${nextRelease.gitTag} tag creation in dry-run mode`);
  } else {
    // Create the tag before calling the publish plugins as some require the tag to exists
-    await tag(nextRelease.gitTag, {cwd, env});
-    await push(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+    await tag(nextRelease.gitTag, nextRelease.gitHead, { cwd, env });
+    await addNote({ channels: [nextRelease.channel] }, nextRelease.gitHead, { cwd, env });
+    await push(options.repositoryUrl, { cwd, env });
+    await pushNotes(options.repositoryUrl, { cwd, env });
    logger.success(`Created tag ${nextRelease.gitTag}`);
  }

-  context.releases = await plugins.publish(context);
+  const releases = await plugins.publish(context);
+  context.releases.push(...releases);

-  await plugins.success(context);
+  await plugins.success({ ...context, releases });

-  logger.success(`Published release ${nextRelease.version}`);
+  logger.success(
+    `Published release ${nextRelease.version} on ${nextRelease.channel ? nextRelease.channel : "default"} channel`
+  );

  if (options.dryRun) {
    logger.log(`Release note for version ${nextRelease.version}:`);
    if (nextRelease.notes) {
-      context.stdout.write(marked(nextRelease.notes));
+      context.stdout.write(await terminalOutput(nextRelease.notes));
    }
  }

-  return pick(context, ['lastRelease', 'commits', 'nextRelease', 'releases']);
+  return pick(context, ["lastRelease", "commits", "nextRelease", "releases"]);
 }

-function logErrors({logger, stderr}, err) {
-  const errors = extractErrors(err).sort(error => (error.semanticRelease ? -1 : 0));
+async function logErrors({ logger, stderr }, err) {
+  const errors = extractErrors(err).sort((error) => (error.semanticRelease ? -1 : 0));
  for (const error of errors) {
    if (error.semanticRelease) {
      logger.error(`${error.code} ${error.message}`);
      if (error.details) {
-        stderr.write(marked(error.details));
+        stderr.write(await terminalOutput(error.details)); // eslint-disable-line no-await-in-loop
      }
    } else {
-      logger.error('An error occurred while running semantic-release: %O', error);
+      logger.error("An error occurred while running semantic-release: %O", error);
    }
  }
 }

 async function callFail(context, plugins, err) {
-  const errors = extractErrors(err).filter(err => err.semanticRelease);
+  const errors = extractErrors(err).filter((err) => err.semanticRelease);
  if (errors.length > 0) {
    try {
-      await plugins.fail({...context, errors});
+      await plugins.fail({ ...context, errors });
    } catch (error) {
-      logErrors(context, error);
+      await logErrors(context, error);
    }
  }
 }

-module.exports = async (opts = {}, {cwd = process.cwd(), env = process.env, stdout, stderr} = {}) => {
-  const {unhook} = hookStd(
-    {silent: false, streams: [process.stdout, process.stderr, stdout, stderr].filter(Boolean)},
+export default async (cliOptions = {}, { cwd = process.cwd(), env = process.env, stdout, stderr } = {}) => {
+  const { unhook } = hookStd(
+    { silent: false, streams: [process.stdout, process.stderr, stdout, stderr].filter(Boolean) },
    hideSensitive(env)
  );
-  const context = {cwd, env, stdout: stdout || process.stdout, stderr: stderr || process.stderr};
+  const context = {
+    cwd,
+    env,
+    stdout: stdout || process.stdout,
+    stderr: stderr || process.stderr,
+    envCi: envCi({ env, cwd }),
+  };
  context.logger = getLogger(context);
  context.logger.log(`Running ${pkg.name} version ${pkg.version}`);
  try {
-    const {plugins, options} = await getConfig(context, opts);
+    const { plugins, options } = await getConfig(context, cliOptions);
+    options.originalRepositoryURL = options.repositoryUrl;
    context.options = options;
    try {
      const result = await run(context, plugins);
@@ -175,7 +280,7 @@ module.exports = async (opts = {}, {cwd = process.cwd(), env = process.env, stdo
      throw error;
    }
  } catch (error) {
-    logErrors(context, error);
+    await logErrors(context, error);
    unhook();
    throw error;
  }
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { isString, mapValues, omit, remove, template } from "lodash-es";
+import micromatch from "micromatch";
+import { getBranches } from "../git.js";
+
+export default async (repositoryUrl, { cwd }, branches) => {
+  const gitBranches = await getBranches(repositoryUrl, { cwd });
+
+  return branches.reduce(
+    (branches, branch) => [
+      ...branches,
+      ...remove(gitBranches, (name) => micromatch(gitBranches, branch.name).includes(name)).map((name) => ({
+        name,
+        ...mapValues(omit(branch, "name"), (value) => (isString(value) ? template(value)({ name }) : value)),
+      })),
+    ],
+    []
+  );
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { escapeRegExp, template } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import pReduce from "p-reduce";
+import debugTags from "debug";
+import { getNote, getTags } from "../../lib/git.js";
+
+const debug = debugTags("semantic-release:get-tags");
+
+export default async ({ cwd, env, options: { tagFormat } }, branches) => {
+  // Generate a regex to parse tags formatted with `tagFormat`
+  // by replacing the `version` variable in the template by `(.+)`.
+  // The `tagFormat` is compiled with space as the `version` as it's an invalid tag character,
+  // so it's guaranteed to no be present in the `tagFormat`.
+  const tagRegexp = `^${escapeRegExp(template(tagFormat)({ version: " " })).replace(" ", "(.+)")}`;
+
+  return pReduce(
+    branches,
+    async (branches, branch) => {
+      const branchTags = await pReduce(
+        await getTags(branch.name, { cwd, env }),
+        async (branchTags, tag) => {
+          const [, version] = tag.match(tagRegexp) || [];
+          return version && semver.valid(semver.clean(version))
+            ? [...branchTags, { gitTag: tag, version, channels: (await getNote(tag, { cwd, env })).channels || [null] }]
+            : branchTags;
+        },
+        []
+      );
+
+      debug("found tags for branch %s: %o", branch.name, branchTags);
+      return [...branches, { ...branch, tags: branchTags }];
+    },
+    []
+  );
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import { isRegExp, isString } from "lodash-es";
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";
+import pEachSeries from "p-each-series";
+import * as DEFINITIONS from "../definitions/branches.js";
+import getError from "../get-error.js";
+import { fetch, fetchNotes, verifyBranchName } from "../git.js";
+import expand from "./expand.js";
+import getTags from "./get-tags.js";
+import * as normalize from "./normalize.js";
+
+export default async (repositoryUrl, ciBranch, context) => {
+  const { cwd, env } = context;
+
+  const remoteBranches = await expand(
+    repositoryUrl,
+    context,
+    context.options.branches.map((branch) => (isString(branch) || isRegExp(branch) ? { name: branch } : branch))
+  );
+
+  await pEachSeries(remoteBranches, async ({ name }) => {
+    await fetch(repositoryUrl, name, ciBranch, { cwd, env });
+  });
+
+  await fetchNotes(repositoryUrl, { cwd, env });
+
+  const branches = await getTags(context, remoteBranches);
+
+  const errors = [];
+  const branchesByType = Object.entries(DEFINITIONS).reduce(
+    // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator
+    (branchesByType, [type, { filter }]) => ({ [type]: branches.filter(filter), ...branchesByType }),
+    {}
+  );
+
+  const result = Object.entries(DEFINITIONS).reduce((result, [type, { branchesValidator, branchValidator }]) => {
+    branchesByType[type].forEach((branch) => {
+      if (branchValidator && !branchValidator(branch)) {
+        errors.push(getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}BRANCH`, { branch }));
+      }
+    });
+
+    const branchesOfType = normalize[type](branchesByType);
+
+    if (!branchesValidator(branchesOfType)) {
+      errors.push(getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}BRANCHES`, { branches: branchesOfType }));
+    }
+
+    return { ...result, [type]: branchesOfType };
+  }, {});
+
+  const duplicates = [...branches]
+    .map((branch) => branch.name)
+    .sort()
+    .filter((_, idx, array) => array[idx] === array[idx + 1] && array[idx] !== array[idx - 1]);
+
+  if (duplicates.length > 0) {
+    errors.push(getError("EDUPLICATEBRANCHES", { duplicates }));
+  }
+
+  await pEachSeries(branches, async (branch) => {
+    if (!(await verifyBranchName(branch.name))) {
+      errors.push(getError("EINVALIDBRANCHNAME", branch));
+    }
+  });
+
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+
+  return [...result.maintenance, ...result.release, ...result.prerelease];
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import { isNil, sortBy } from "lodash-es";
+import semverDiff from "semver-diff";
+import { FIRST_RELEASE, RELEASE_TYPE } from "../definitions/constants.js";
+import {
+  getFirstVersion,
+  getLatestVersion,
+  getLowerBound,
+  getRange,
+  getUpperBound,
+  highest,
+  isMajorRange,
+  lowest,
+  tagsToVersions,
+} from "../utils.js";
+
+export function maintenance({ maintenance, release }) {
+  return sortBy(
+    maintenance.map(({ name, range, channel, ...rest }) => ({
+      ...rest,
+      name,
+      range: range || name,
+      channel: isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+    })),
+    "range"
+  ).map(({ name, range, tags, ...rest }, idx, branches) => {
+    const versions = tagsToVersions(tags);
+    // Find the lower bound based on Maintenance branches
+    const maintenanceMin =
+      // If the current branch has a major range (1.x or 1.x.x) and the previous doesn't
+      isMajorRange(range) && branches[idx - 1] && !isMajorRange(branches[idx - 1].range)
+        ? // Then the lowest bound is the upper bound of the previous branch range
+          getUpperBound(branches[idx - 1].range)
+        : // Otherwise the lowest bound is the lowest bound of the current branch range
+          getLowerBound(range);
+    // The actual lower bound is the highest version between the current branch last release and `maintenanceMin`
+    const min = highest(getLatestVersion(versions) || FIRST_RELEASE, maintenanceMin);
+    // Determine the first release of the default branch not present in any maintenance branch
+    const base =
+      (release[0] &&
+        (getFirstVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags), branches) ||
+          getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags)))) ||
+      FIRST_RELEASE;
+    // The upper bound is the lowest version between the `base` version and the upper bound of the current branch range
+    const max = lowest(base, getUpperBound(range));
+    const diff = semverDiff(min, max);
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      type: "maintenance",
+      name,
+      tags,
+      range: getRange(min, max),
+      accept: diff ? RELEASE_TYPE.slice(0, RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(diff)) : [],
+      mergeRange: getRange(maintenanceMin, getUpperBound(range)),
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+export function release({ release }) {
+  if (release.length === 0) {
+    return release;
+  }
+
+  // The intial lastVersion is the last release from the base branch of `FIRST_RELEASE` (1.0.0)
+  let lastVersion = getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags)) || FIRST_RELEASE;
+
+  return release.map(({ name, tags, channel, ...rest }, idx) => {
+    const versions = tagsToVersions(tags);
+    // The new lastVersion is the highest version between the current branch last release and the previous branch lastVersion
+    lastVersion = highest(getLatestVersion(versions), lastVersion);
+    // The upper bound is:
+    //  - None if the current branch is the last one of the release branches
+    //  - Otherwise, The upper bound is the lowest version that is present on the current branch but none of the previous ones
+    const bound =
+      release.length - 1 === idx
+        ? undefined
+        : getFirstVersion(tagsToVersions(release[idx + 1].tags), release.slice(0, idx + 1));
+
+    const diff = bound ? semverDiff(lastVersion, bound) : null;
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      channel: idx === 0 ? channel : isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+      tags,
+      type: "release",
+      name,
+      range: getRange(lastVersion, bound),
+      accept: bound ? RELEASE_TYPE.slice(0, RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(diff)) : RELEASE_TYPE,
+      main: idx === 0,
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+export function prerelease({ prerelease }) {
+  return prerelease.map(({ name, prerelease, channel, tags, ...rest }) => {
+    const preid = prerelease === true ? name : prerelease;
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      channel: isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+      type: "prerelease",
+      name,
+      prerelease: preid,
+      tags,
+    };
+  });
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { isNil, uniqBy } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import { isMaintenanceRange } from "../utils.js";
+
+export const maintenance = {
+  filter: ({ name, range }) => (!isNil(range) && range !== false) || isMaintenanceRange(name),
+  branchValidator: ({ range }) => (isNil(range) ? true : isMaintenanceRange(range)),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => uniqBy(branches, ({ range }) => semver.validRange(range)).length === branches.length,
+};
+
+export const prerelease = {
+  filter: ({ prerelease }) => !isNil(prerelease) && prerelease !== false,
+  branchValidator: ({ name, prerelease }) =>
+    Boolean(prerelease) && Boolean(semver.valid(`1.0.0-${prerelease === true ? name : prerelease}.1`)),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => uniqBy(branches, "prerelease").length === branches.length,
+};
+
+export const release = {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator
+  filter: (branch) => !maintenance.filter(branch) && !prerelease.filter(branch),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => branches.length <= 3 && branches.length > 0,
+};
@@ -1,23 +1,17 @@
-const RELEASE_TYPE = ['prerelease', 'prepatch', 'patch', 'preminor', 'minor', 'premajor', 'major'];
+export const RELEASE_TYPE = ["patch", "minor", "major"];

-const FIRST_RELEASE = '1.0.0';
+export const FIRST_RELEASE = "1.0.0";

-const COMMIT_NAME = 'semantic-release-bot';
+export const FIRSTPRERELEASE = "1";

-const COMMIT_EMAIL = 'semantic-release-bot@martynus.net';
+export const COMMIT_NAME = "semantic-release-bot";

-const RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR = '\n\n';
+export const COMMIT_EMAIL = "semantic-release-bot@martynus.net";

-const SECRET_REPLACEMENT = '[secure]';
+export const RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR = "\n\n";

-const SECRET_MIN_SIZE = 5;
+export const SECRET_REPLACEMENT = "[secure]";

-module.exports = {
-  RELEASE_TYPE,
-  FIRST_RELEASE,
-  COMMIT_NAME,
-  COMMIT_EMAIL,
-  RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR,
-  SECRET_REPLACEMENT,
-  SECRET_MIN_SIZE,
-};
+export const SECRET_MIN_SIZE = 5;
+
+export const GIT_NOTE_REF = "semantic-release";
@@ -1,90 +1,119 @@
-const {inspect} = require('util');
-const {toLower, isString} = require('lodash');
-const pkg = require('../../package.json');
-const {RELEASE_TYPE} = require('./constants');
+import { inspect } from "node:util";
+import { createRequire } from "node:module";
+import { isString, toLower, trim } from "lodash-es";
+import { RELEASE_TYPE } from "./constants.js";

-const [homepage] = pkg.homepage.split('#');
-const stringify = obj => (isString(obj) ? obj : inspect(obj, {breakLength: Infinity, depth: 2, maxArrayLength: 5}));
-const linkify = file => `${homepage}/blob/master/${file}`;
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+const pkg = require("../../package.json");

-module.exports = {
-  ENOGITREPO: ({cwd}) => ({
-    message: 'Not running from a git repository.',
+const [homepage] = pkg.homepage.split("#");
+const stringify = (object) =>
+  isString(object) ? object : inspect(object, { breakLength: Infinity, depth: 2, maxArrayLength: 5 });
+const linkify = (file) => `${homepage}/blob/master/${file}`;
+const wordsList = (words) =>
+  `${words.slice(0, -1).join(", ")}${words.length > 1 ? ` or ${words[words.length - 1]}` : trim(words[0])}`;
+
+export function ENOGITREPO({ cwd }) {
+  return {
+    message: "Not running from a git repository.",
    details: `The \`semantic-release\` command must be executed from a Git repository.

 The current working directory is \`${cwd}\`.

 Please verify your CI configuration to make sure the \`semantic-release\` command is executed from the root of the cloned repository.`,
-  }),
-  ENOREPOURL: () => ({
-    message: 'The `repositoryUrl` option is required.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function ENOREPOURL() {
+  return {
+    message: "The `repositoryUrl` option is required.",
    details: `The [repositoryUrl option](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl'
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl"
    )}) cannot be determined from the semantic-release configuration, the \`package.json\` nor the [git origin url](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Working-with-Remotes).

 Please make sure to add the \`repositoryUrl\` to the [semantic-release configuration] (${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md'
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md"
    )}).`,
-  }),
-  EGITNOPERMISSION: ({options}) => ({
-    message: 'The push permission to the Git repository is required.',
-    details: `**semantic-release** cannot push the version tag to the branch \`${
-      options.branch
-    }\` on remote Git repository with URL \`${options.repositoryUrl}\`.
+  };
+}

-Please refer to the [authentication configuration documentation](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication'
-    )}) to configure the Git credentials on your CI environment and make sure the [repositoryUrl](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl'
-    )}) is configured with a [valid Git URL](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols).`,
-  }),
-  EINVALIDTAGFORMAT: ({tagFormat}) => ({
-    message: 'Invalid `tagFormat` option.',
+export function EGITNOPERMISSION({ options: { repositoryUrl }, branch: { name } }) {
+  return {
+    message: "Cannot push to the Git repository.",
+    details: `**semantic-release** cannot push the version tag to the branch \`${name}\` on the remote Git repository with URL \`${repositoryUrl}\`.
+
+This can be caused by:
+ - a misconfiguration of the [repositoryUrl](${linkify("docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl")}) option
+ - the repository being unavailable
+ - or missing push permission for the user configured via the [Git credentials on your CI environment](${linkify(
+   "docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication"
+ )})`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EINVALIDTAGFORMAT({ options: { tagFormat } }) {
+  return {
+    message: "Invalid `tagFormat` option.",
    details: `The [tagFormat](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat'
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat"
    )}) must compile to a [valid Git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).

 Your configuration for the \`tagFormat\` option is \`${stringify(tagFormat)}\`.`,
-  }),
-  ETAGNOVERSION: ({tagFormat}) => ({
-    message: 'Invalid `tagFormat` option.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function ETAGNOVERSION({ options: { tagFormat } }) {
+  return {
+    message: "Invalid `tagFormat` option.",
    details: `The [tagFormat](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat'
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat"
    )}) option must contain the variable \`version\` exactly once.

 Your configuration for the \`tagFormat\` option is \`${stringify(tagFormat)}\`.`,
-  }),
-  EPLUGINCONF: ({type, required, pluginConf}) => ({
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPLUGINCONF({ type, required, pluginConf }) {
+  return {
    message: `The \`${type}\` plugin configuration is invalid.`,
    details: `The [${type} plugin configuration](${linkify(`docs/usage/plugins.md#${toLower(type)}-plugin`)}) ${
-      required ? 'is required and ' : ''
-    } must be a single or an array of plugins definition. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionnaly wrapped in an array with an object.
+      required ? "is required and " : ""
+    } must be a single or an array of plugins definition. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionally wrapped in an array with an object.

 Your configuration for the \`${type}\` plugin is \`${stringify(pluginConf)}\`.`,
-  }),
-  EPLUGINSCONF: ({plugin}) => ({
-    message: 'The `plugins` configuration is invalid.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPLUGINSCONF({ plugin }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The `plugins` configuration is invalid.",
    details: `The [plugins](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#plugins'
-    )}) option must be an array of plugin definions. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionnaly wrapped in an array with an object.
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#plugins"
+    )}) option must be an array of plugin definitions. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionally wrapped in an array with an object.

 The invalid configuration is \`${stringify(plugin)}\`.`,
-  }),
-  EPLUGIN: ({pluginName, type}) => ({
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPLUGIN({ pluginName, type }) {
+  return {
    message: `A plugin configured in the step ${type} is not a valid semantic-release plugin.`,
    details: `A valid \`${type}\` **semantic-release** plugin must be a function or an object with a function in the property \`${type}\`.

 The plugin \`${pluginName}\` doesn't have the property \`${type}\` and cannot be used for the \`${type}\` step.

 Please refer to the \`${pluginName}\` and [semantic-release plugins configuration](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/plugins.md'
+      "docs/usage/plugins.md"
    )}) documentation for more details.`,
-  }),
-  EANALYZECOMMITSOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
-    message: 'The `analyzeCommits` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a valid semver release type.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function EANALYZECOMMITSOUTPUT({ result, pluginName }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The `analyzeCommits` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a valid semver release type.",
    details: `The \`analyzeCommits\` plugin must return a valid [semver](https://semver.org) release type. The valid values are: ${RELEASE_TYPE.map(
-      type => `\`${type}\``
-    ).join(', ')}.
+      (type) => `\`${type}\``
+    ).join(", ")}.

 The \`analyzeCommits\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.

@@ -92,12 +121,15 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
 - The **semantic-release** version: \`${pkg.version}\`
 - The **semantic-release** logs from your CI job
 - The value returned by the plugin: \`${stringify(result)}\`
- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify('docs/developer-guide/plugin.md')}](${linkify(
-      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
+- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify("docs/developer-guide/plugin.md")}](${linkify(
+      "docs/developer-guide/plugin.md"
    )})`,
-  }),
-  EGENERATENOTESOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
-    message: 'The `generateNotes` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a `String`.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function EGENERATENOTESOUTPUT({ result, pluginName }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The `generateNotes` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a `String`.",
    details: `The \`generateNotes\` plugin must return a \`String\`.

 The \`generateNotes\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.
@@ -106,12 +138,15 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
 - The **semantic-release** version: \`${pkg.version}\`
 - The **semantic-release** logs from your CI job
 - The value returned by the plugin: \`${stringify(result)}\`
- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify('docs/developer-guide/plugin.md')}](${linkify(
-      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
+- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify("docs/developer-guide/plugin.md")}](${linkify(
+      "docs/developer-guide/plugin.md"
    )})`,
-  }),
-  EPUBLISHOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
-    message: 'A `publish` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return an `Object`.',
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPUBLISHOUTPUT({ result, pluginName }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A `publish` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return an `Object`.",
    details: `The \`publish\` plugins must return an \`Object\`.

 The \`publish\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.
@@ -120,8 +155,144 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
 - The **semantic-release** version: \`${pkg.version}\`
 - The **semantic-release** logs from your CI job
 - The value returned by the plugin: \`${stringify(result)}\`
- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify('docs/developer-guide/plugin.md')}](${linkify(
-      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
+- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify("docs/developer-guide/plugin.md")}](${linkify(
+      "docs/developer-guide/plugin.md"
    )})`,
-  }),
-};
+  };
+}
+
+export function EADDCHANNELOUTPUT({ result, pluginName }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A `addChannel` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return an `Object`.",
+    details: `The \`addChannel\` plugins must return an \`Object\`.
+
+The \`addChannel\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.
+
+We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the following informations:
+- The **semantic-release** version: \`${pkg.version}\`
+- The **semantic-release** logs from your CI job
+- The value returned by the plugin: \`${stringify(result)}\`
+- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify("docs/developer-guide/plugin.md")}](${linkify(
+      "docs/developer-guide/plugin.md"
+    )})`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EINVALIDBRANCH({ branch }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A branch is invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must be either a string, a regexp or an object with a \`name\` property.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EINVALIDBRANCHNAME({ branch }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A branch name is invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must be a [valid Git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EDUPLICATEBRANCHES({ duplicates }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The `branches` configuration has duplicate branches.",
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must havea unique name.
+
+Your configuration contains duplicates for the following branch names: \`${stringify(duplicates)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EMAINTENANCEBRANCH({ branch }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A maintenance branch is invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each maintenance branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must have a \`range\` property formatted like \`N.x\`, \`N.x.x\` or \`N.N.x\` (\`N\` is a number).
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EMAINTENANCEBRANCHES({ branches }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The maintenance branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each maintenance branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must have a unique \`range\` property.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function ERELEASEBRANCHES({ branches }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The release branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `A minimum of 1 and a maximum of 3 release branches are required in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}).
+
+This may occur if your repository does not have a release branch, such as \`master\`.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPRERELEASEBRANCH({ branch }) {
+  return {
+    message: "A pre-release branch configuration is invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each pre-release branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must have a \`prerelease\` property valid per the [Semantic Versioning Specification](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9). If the \`prerelease\` property is set to \`true\`, then the \`name\` property is used instead.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EPRERELEASEBRANCHES({ branches }) {
+  return {
+    message: "The pre-release branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.",
+    details: `Each pre-release branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      "docs/usage/configuration.md#branches"
+    )}) must have a unique \`prerelease\` property. If the \`prerelease\` property is set to \`true\`, then the \`name\` property is used instead.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EINVALIDNEXTVERSION({ nextRelease: { version }, branch: { name, range }, commits, validBranches }) {
+  return {
+    message: `The release \`${version}\` on branch \`${name}\` cannot be published as it is out of range.`,
+    details: `Based on the releases published on other branches, only versions within the range \`${range}\` can be published from branch \`${name}\`.
+
+The following commit${commits.length > 1 ? "s are" : " is"} responsible for the invalid release:
+${commits.map(({ commit: { short }, subject }) => `- ${subject} (${short})`).join("\n")}
+
+${
+  commits.length > 1 ? "Those commits" : "This commit"
+} should be moved to a valid branch with [git merge](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-merge) or [git cherry-pick](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-cherry-pick) and removed from branch \`${name}\` with [git revert](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert) or [git reset](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-reset).
+
+A valid branch could be ${wordsList(validBranches.map(({ name }) => `\`${name}\``))}.
+
+See the [workflow configuration documentation](${linkify("docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md")}) for more details.`,
+  };
+}
+
+export function EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE({ nextRelease: { channel, gitTag, version }, branch: { mergeRange, name } }) {
+  return {
+    message: `The release \`${version}\` on branch \`${name}\` cannot be published as it is out of range.`,
+    details: `Only releases within the range \`${mergeRange}\` can be merged into the maintenance branch \`${name}\` and published to the \`${channel}\` distribution channel.
+
+The branch \`${name}\` head should be [reset](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-reset) to a previous commit so the commit with tag \`${gitTag}\` is removed from the branch history.
+
+See the [workflow configuration documentation](${linkify("docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md")}) for more details.`,
+  };
+}
@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-const {isString, isPlainObject} = require('lodash');
-const {getGitHead} = require('../git');
-const hideSensitive = require('../hide-sensitive');
-const {hideSensitiveValues} = require('../utils');
-const {RELEASE_TYPE, RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR} = require('./constants');
+/* eslint require-atomic-updates: off */

-module.exports = {
+import { isPlainObject, isString } from "lodash-es";
+import { getGitHead } from "../git.js";
+import hideSensitive from "../hide-sensitive.js";
+import { hideSensitiveValues } from "../utils.js";
+import { RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR, RELEASE_TYPE } from "./constants.js";
+
+export default {
  verifyConditions: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: true,
-    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({ settleAll: true }),
  },
  analyzeCommits: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer'],
+    default: ["@semantic-release/commit-analyzer"],
    required: true,
    dryRun: true,
-    outputValidator: output => !output || RELEASE_TYPE.includes(output),
-    preprocess: ({commits, ...inputs}) => ({
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || RELEASE_TYPE.includes(output),
+    preprocess: ({ commits, ...inputs }) => ({
      ...inputs,
-      commits: commits.filter(commit => !/\[skip\s+release\]|\[release\s+skip\]/i.test(commit.message)),
+      commits: commits.filter((commit) => !/\[skip\s+release]|\[release\s+skip]/i.test(commit.message)),
    }),
-    postprocess: results =>
+    postprocess: (results) =>
      RELEASE_TYPE[
        results.reduce((highest, result) => {
          const typeIndex = RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(result);
@@ -30,29 +32,29 @@ module.exports = {
  verifyRelease: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: true,
-    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({ settleAll: true }),
  },
  generateNotes: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: true,
-    outputValidator: output => !output || isString(output),
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isString(output),
    pipelineConfig: () => ({
-      getNextInput: ({nextRelease, ...context}, notes) => ({
+      getNextInput: ({ nextRelease, ...context }, notes) => ({
        ...context,
        nextRelease: {
          ...nextRelease,
-          notes: `${nextRelease.notes ? `${nextRelease.notes}${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}` : ''}${notes}`,
+          notes: `${nextRelease.notes ? `${nextRelease.notes}${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}` : ""}${notes}`,
        },
      }),
    }),
-    postprocess: (results, {env}) => hideSensitive(env)(results.filter(Boolean).join(RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR)),
+    postprocess: (results, { env }) => hideSensitive(env)(results.filter(Boolean).join(RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR)),
  },
  prepare: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: false,
-    pipelineConfig: ({generateNotes}) => ({
-      getNextInput: async context => {
-        const newGitHead = await getGitHead({cwd: context.cwd});
+    pipelineConfig: ({ generateNotes }) => ({
+      getNextInput: async (context) => {
+        const newGitHead = await getGitHead({ cwd: context.cwd });
        // If previous prepare plugin has created a commit (gitHead changed)
        if (context.nextRelease.gitHead !== newGitHead) {
          context.nextRelease.gitHead = newGitHead;
@@ -68,10 +70,23 @@ module.exports = {
  publish: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: false,
-    outputValidator: output => !output || isPlainObject(output),
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isPlainObject(output),
    pipelineConfig: () => ({
      // Add `nextRelease` and plugin properties to published release
-      transform: (release, step, {nextRelease}) => ({
+      transform: (release, step, { nextRelease }) => ({
+        ...(release === false ? {} : nextRelease),
+        ...release,
+        ...step,
+      }),
+    }),
+  },
+  addChannel: {
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isPlainObject(output),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({
+      // Add `nextRelease` and plugin properties to published release
+      transform: (release, step, { nextRelease }) => ({
        ...(release === false ? {} : nextRelease),
        ...release,
        ...step,
@@ -81,13 +96,13 @@ module.exports = {
  success: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: false,
-    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
-    preprocess: ({releases, env, ...inputs}) => ({...inputs, env, releases: hideSensitiveValues(env, releases)}),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({ settleAll: true }),
+    preprocess: ({ releases, env, ...inputs }) => ({ ...inputs, env, releases: hideSensitiveValues(env, releases) }),
  },
  fail: {
    required: false,
    dryRun: false,
-    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
-    preprocess: ({errors, env, ...inputs}) => ({...inputs, env, errors: hideSensitiveValues(env, errors)}),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({ settleAll: true }),
+    preprocess: ({ errors, env, ...inputs }) => ({ ...inputs, env, errors: hideSensitiveValues(env, errors) }),
  },
 };
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-const gitLogParser = require('git-log-parser');
-const getStream = require('get-stream');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:get-commits');
+import debugCommits from "debug";
+import { getCommits } from "./git.js";
+
+const debug = debugCommits("semantic-release:get-commits");

 /**
 * Retrieve the list of commits on the current branch since the commit sha associated with the last release, or all the commits of the current branch if there is no last released version.
@@ -9,22 +10,22 @@ const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:get-commits');
 *
 * @return {Promise<Array<Object>>} The list of commits on the branch `branch` since the last release.
 */
-module.exports = async ({cwd, env, lastRelease: {gitHead}, logger}) => {
-  if (gitHead) {
-    debug('Use gitHead: %s', gitHead);
+export default async ({
+  cwd,
+  env,
+  lastRelease: { gitHead: from },
+  nextRelease: { gitHead: to = "HEAD" } = {},
+  logger,
+}) => {
+  if (from) {
+    debug("Use from: %s", from);
  } else {
-    logger.log('No previous release found, retrieving all commits');
+    logger.log("No previous release found, retrieving all commits");
  }

-  Object.assign(gitLogParser.fields, {hash: 'H', message: 'B', gitTags: 'd', committerDate: {key: 'ci', type: Date}});
-  const commits = (await getStream.array(
-    gitLogParser.parse({_: `${gitHead ? gitHead + '..' : ''}HEAD`}, {cwd, env: {...process.env, ...env}})
-  )).map(commit => {
-    commit.message = commit.message.trim();
-    commit.gitTags = commit.gitTags.trim();
-    return commit;
-  });
+  const commits = await getCommits(from, to, { cwd, env });
+
  logger.log(`Found ${commits.length} commits since last release`);
-  debug('Parsed commits: %o', commits);
+  debug("Parsed commits: %o", commits);
  return commits;
 };
@@ -1,52 +1,49 @@
-const {castArray, pickBy, isNil, isString, isPlainObject} = require('lodash');
-const readPkgUp = require('read-pkg-up');
-const cosmiconfig = require('cosmiconfig');
-const resolveFrom = require('resolve-from');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:config');
-const {repoUrl} = require('./git');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('./definitions/plugins');
-const plugins = require('./plugins');
-const {validatePlugin, parseConfig} = require('./plugins/utils');
+import { dirname, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { createRequire } from "node:module";

-const CONFIG_NAME = 'release';
-const CONFIG_FILES = [
-  'package.json',
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.json`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.yaml`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.yml`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.js`,
-  `${CONFIG_NAME}.config.js`,
-];
+import { castArray, isNil, isPlainObject, isString, pickBy } from "lodash-es";
+import { readPackageUp } from "read-pkg-up";
+import { cosmiconfig } from "cosmiconfig";
+import resolveFrom from "resolve-from";
+import debugConfig from "debug";
+import { repoUrl } from "./git.js";
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from "./definitions/plugins.js";
+import plugins from "./plugins/index.js";
+import { parseConfig, validatePlugin } from "./plugins/utils.js";

-module.exports = async (context, opts) => {
-  const {cwd, env} = context;
-  const {config, filepath} = (await cosmiconfig(CONFIG_NAME, {searchPlaces: CONFIG_FILES}).search(cwd)) || {};
+const debug = debugConfig("semantic-release:config");
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);

-  debug('load config from: %s', filepath);
+const CONFIG_NAME = "release";
+
+export default async (context, cliOptions) => {
+  const { cwd, env } = context;
+  const { config, filepath } = (await cosmiconfig(CONFIG_NAME).search(cwd)) || {};
+
+  debug("load config from: %s", filepath);

  // Merge config file options and CLI/API options
-  let options = {...config, ...opts};
-  if (options.ci === false) {
-    options.noCi = true;
-  }
+  let options = { ...config, ...cliOptions };

  const pluginsPath = {};
  let extendPaths;
-  ({extends: extendPaths, ...options} = options);
+  ({ extends: extendPaths, ...options } = options);
  if (extendPaths) {
    // If `extends` is defined, load and merge each shareable config with `options`
    options = {
-      ...castArray(extendPaths).reduce((result, extendPath) => {
-        const extendsOpts = require(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, extendPath) || resolveFrom(cwd, extendPath));
+      ...(await castArray(extendPaths).reduce(async (eventualResult, extendPath) => {
+        const result = await eventualResult;
+        const extendsOptions = require(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, extendPath) || resolveFrom(cwd, extendPath));

        // For each plugin defined in a shareable config, save in `pluginsPath` the extendable config path,
-        // so those plugin will be loaded relatively to the config file
-        Object.entries(extendsOpts)
+        // so those plugin will be loaded relative to the config file
+        Object.entries(extendsOptions)
          .filter(([, value]) => Boolean(value))
          .reduce((pluginsPath, [option, value]) => {
-            castArray(value).forEach(plugin => {
-              if (option === 'plugins' && validatePlugin(plugin)) {
+            castArray(value).forEach((plugin) => {
+              if (option === "plugins" && validatePlugin(plugin)) {
                pluginsPath[parseConfig(plugin)[0]] = extendPath;
              } else if (
                PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[option] &&
@@ -58,33 +55,45 @@ module.exports = async (context, opts) => {
            return pluginsPath;
          }, pluginsPath);

-        return {...result, ...extendsOpts};
-      }, {}),
+        return { ...result, ...extendsOptions };
+      }, {})),
      ...options,
    };
  }

  // Set default options values if not defined yet
  options = {
-    branch: 'master',
-    repositoryUrl: (await pkgRepoUrl({normalize: false, cwd})) || (await repoUrl({cwd, env})),
+    branches: [
+      "+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x",
+      "master",
+      "next",
+      "next-major",
+      { name: "beta", prerelease: true },
+      { name: "alpha", prerelease: true },
+    ],
+    repositoryUrl: (await pkgRepoUrl({ normalize: false, cwd })) || (await repoUrl({ cwd, env })),
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
    plugins: [
-      '@semantic-release/commit-analyzer',
-      '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator',
-      '@semantic-release/npm',
-      '@semantic-release/github',
+      "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+      "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+      "@semantic-release/npm",
+      "@semantic-release/github",
    ],
-    // Remove `null` and `undefined` options so they can be replaced with default ones
-    ...pickBy(options, option => !isNil(option)),
+    // Remove `null` and `undefined` options, so they can be replaced with default ones
+    ...pickBy(options, (option) => !isNil(option)),
+    ...(options.branches ? { branches: castArray(options.branches) } : {}),
  };

-  debug('options values: %O', options);
+  if (options.ci === false) {
+    options.noCi = true;
+  }

-  return {options, plugins: await plugins({...context, options}, pluginsPath)};
+  debug("options values: %O", options);
+
+  return { options, plugins: await plugins({ ...context, options }, pluginsPath) };
 };

-async function pkgRepoUrl(opts) {
-  const {package: pkg} = (await readPkgUp(opts)) || {};
-  return pkg && (isPlainObject(pkg.repository) ? pkg.repository.url : pkg.repository);
+async function pkgRepoUrl(options) {
+  const { packageJson } = (await readPackageUp(options)) || {};
+  return packageJson && (isPlainObject(packageJson.repository) ? packageJson.repository.url : packageJson.repository);
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const SemanticReleaseError = require('@semantic-release/error');
-const ERROR_DEFINITIONS = require('./definitions/errors');
+import SemanticReleaseError from "@semantic-release/error";
+import * as ERROR_DEFINITIONS from "./definitions/errors.js";

-module.exports = (code, ctx = {}) => {
-  const {message, details} = ERROR_DEFINITIONS[code](ctx);
+export default (code, ctx = {}) => {
+  const { message, details } = ERROR_DEFINITIONS[code](ctx);
  return new SemanticReleaseError(message, code, details);
 };
@@ -1,7 +1,52 @@
-const {parse, format} = require('url'); // eslint-disable-line node/no-deprecated-api
-const {isNil} = require('lodash');
-const hostedGitInfo = require('hosted-git-info');
-const {verifyAuth} = require('./git');
+import { format, parse } from "node:url";
+import { isNil } from "lodash-es";
+import hostedGitInfo from "hosted-git-info";
+import debugAuthUrl from "debug";
+import { verifyAuth } from "./git.js";
+
+const debug = debugAuthUrl("semantic-release:get-git-auth-url");
+
+/**
+ * Machinery to format a repository URL with the given credentials
+ *
+ * @param {String} protocol URL protocol (which should not be present in repositoryUrl)
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl User-given repository URL
+ * @param {String} gitCredentials The basic auth part of the URL
+ *
+ * @return {String} The formatted Git repository URL.
+ */
+function formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials) {
+  const [match, auth, host, basePort, path] =
+    /^(?!.+:\/\/)(?:(?<auth>.*)@)?(?<host>.*?):(?<port>\d+)?:?\/?(?<path>.*)$/.exec(repositoryUrl) || [];
+  const { port, hostname, ...parsed } = parse(
+    match ? `ssh://${auth ? `${auth}@` : ""}${host}${basePort ? `:${basePort}` : ""}/${path}` : repositoryUrl
+  );
+
+  return format({
+    ...parsed,
+    auth: gitCredentials,
+    host: `${hostname}${protocol === "ssh:" ? "" : port ? `:${port}` : ""}`,
+    protocol: protocol && /http[^s]/.test(protocol) ? "http" : "https",
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verify authUrl by calling git.verifyAuth, but don't throw on failure
+ *
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ * @param {String} authUrl Repository URL to verify
+ *
+ * @return {String} The authUrl as is if the connection was successfull, null otherwise
+ */
+async function ensureValidAuthUrl({ cwd, env, branch }, authUrl) {
+  try {
+    await verifyAuth(authUrl, branch.name, { cwd, env });
+    return authUrl;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+    return null;
+  }
+}

 /**
 * Determine the the git repository URL to use to push, either:
@@ -14,52 +59,64 @@ const {verifyAuth} = require('./git');
 *
 * @return {String} The formatted Git repository URL.
 */
-module.exports = async ({cwd, env, options: {repositoryUrl, branch}}) => {
+export default async (context) => {
+  const { cwd, env, branch } = context;
  const GIT_TOKENS = {
    GIT_CREDENTIALS: undefined,
    GH_TOKEN: undefined,
    // GitHub Actions require the "x-access-token:" prefix for git access
    // https://developer.github.com/apps/building-github-apps/authenticating-with-github-apps/#http-based-git-access-by-an-installation
-    GITHUB_TOKEN: isNil(env.GITHUB_ACTION) ? undefined : 'x-access-token:',
-    GL_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
-    GITLAB_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
-    BB_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
-    BITBUCKET_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
+    GITHUB_TOKEN: isNil(env.GITHUB_ACTION) ? undefined : "x-access-token:",
+    GL_TOKEN: "gitlab-ci-token:",
+    GITLAB_TOKEN: "gitlab-ci-token:",
+    BB_TOKEN: "x-token-auth:",
+    BITBUCKET_TOKEN: "x-token-auth:",
+    BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: "",
+    BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: "",
  };

-  const info = hostedGitInfo.fromUrl(repositoryUrl, {noGitPlus: true});
-  const {protocol, ...parsed} = parse(repositoryUrl);
+  let { repositoryUrl } = context.options;
+  const info = hostedGitInfo.fromUrl(repositoryUrl, { noGitPlus: true });
+  const { protocol, ...parsed } = parse(repositoryUrl);

-  if (info && info.getDefaultRepresentation() === 'shortcut') {
+  if (info && info.getDefaultRepresentation() === "shortcut") {
    // Expand shorthand URLs (such as `owner/repo` or `gitlab:owner/repo`)
    repositoryUrl = info.https();
-  } else if (protocol && protocol.includes('http')) {
+  } else if (protocol && protocol.includes("http")) {
    // Replace `git+https` and `git+http` with `https` or `http`
-    repositoryUrl = format({...parsed, protocol: protocol.includes('https') ? 'https' : 'http', href: null});
+    repositoryUrl = format({ ...parsed, protocol: protocol.includes("https") ? "https" : "http", href: null });
  }

  // Test if push is allowed without transforming the URL (e.g. is ssh keys are set up)
  try {
-    await verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch, {cwd, env});
-  } catch (error) {
-    const envVar = Object.keys(GIT_TOKENS).find(envVar => !isNil(env[envVar]));
-    const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVar] || ''}${env[envVar] || ''}`;
+    debug("Verifying ssh auth by attempting to push to  %s", repositoryUrl);
+    await verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch.name, { cwd, env });
+  } catch {
+    debug("SSH key auth failed, falling back to https.");
+    const envVars = Object.keys(GIT_TOKENS).filter((envVar) => !isNil(env[envVar]));

-    console.log(`-------- envVar -------- `);
-    console.log(envVar);
-    console.log(`-------- GIT_TOKENS[envVar] -------- `);
-    console.log(GIT_TOKENS[envVar]);
-    console.log(`-------- env[envVar].substr(5) -------- `);
-    console.log((env[envVar] || '').substr(5));
+    // Skip verification if there is no ambiguity on which env var to use for authentication
+    if (envVars.length === 1) {
+      const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVars[0]] || ""}${env[envVars[0]]}`;
+      return formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials);
+    }

-    if (gitCredentials) {
-      // If credentials are set via environment variables, convert the URL to http/https and add basic auth, otherwise return `repositoryUrl` as is
-      const [match, auth, host, path] = /^(?!.+:\/\/)(?:(.*)@)?(.*?):(.*)$/.exec(repositoryUrl) || [];
-      return format({
-        ...parse(match ? `ssh://${auth ? `${auth}@` : ''}${host}/${path}` : repositoryUrl),
-        auth: gitCredentials,
-        protocol: protocol && /http[^s]/.test(protocol) ? 'http' : 'https',
-      });
+    if (envVars.length > 1) {
+      debug(`Found ${envVars.length} credentials in environment, trying all of them`);
+
+      const candidateRepositoryUrls = [];
+      for (const envVar of envVars) {
+        const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVar] || ""}${env[envVar]}`;
+        const authUrl = formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials);
+        candidateRepositoryUrls.push(ensureValidAuthUrl(context, authUrl));
+      }
+
+      const validRepositoryUrls = await Promise.all(candidateRepositoryUrls);
+      const chosenAuthUrlIndex = validRepositoryUrls.findIndex((url) => url !== null);
+      if (chosenAuthUrlIndex > -1) {
+        debug(`Using "${envVars[chosenAuthUrlIndex]}" to authenticate`);
+        return validRepositoryUrls[chosenAuthUrlIndex];
+      }
    }
  }

@@ -1,51 +1,48 @@
-const {escapeRegExp, template} = require('lodash');
-const semver = require('semver');
-const pLocate = require('p-locate');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:get-last-release');
-const {getTags, isRefInHistory, getTagHead} = require('./git');
+import { isUndefined } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import { isSameChannel, makeTag } from "./utils.js";

 /**
 * Last release.
 *
 * @typedef {Object} LastRelease
 * @property {string} version The version number of the last release.
- * @property {string} [gitHead] The Git reference used to make the last release.
+ * @property {string} gitHead The Git reference used to make the last release.
+ * @property {string} gitTag The git tag associated with the last release.
+ * @property {string} channel The channel on which of the last release was published.
+ * @property {string} name The name of the last release.
 */

 /**
 * Determine the Git tag and version of the last tagged release.
 *
- * - Obtain all the tags referencing commits in the current branch history
- * - Filter out the ones that are not valid semantic version or doesn't match the `tagFormat`
+ * - Filter out the branch tags that are not valid semantic version
 * - Sort the versions
- * - Retrive the highest version
+ * - Retrieve the highest version
 *
 * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ * @param {Object} params Function parameters.
+ * @param {Object} params.before Find only releases with version number lower than this version.
 *
- * @return {Promise<LastRelease>} The last tagged release or `undefined` if none is found.
+ * @return {LastRelease} The last tagged release or empty object if none is found.
 */
-module.exports = async ({cwd, env, options: {tagFormat}, logger}) => {
-  // Generate a regex to parse tags formatted with `tagFormat`
-  // by replacing the `version` variable in the template by `(.+)`.
-  // The `tagFormat` is compiled with space as the `version` as it's an invalid tag character,
-  // so it's guaranteed to not be present in the `tagFormat`.
-  const tagRegexp = `^${escapeRegExp(template(tagFormat)({version: ' '})).replace(' ', '(.+)')}`;
-  const tags = (await getTags({cwd, env}))
-    .map(tag => ({gitTag: tag, version: (tag.match(tagRegexp) || new Array(2))[1]}))
+export default ({ branch, options: { tagFormat } }, { before } = {}) => {
+  const [{ version, gitTag, channels } = {}] = branch.tags
    .filter(
-      tag => tag.version && semver.valid(semver.clean(tag.version)) && !semver.prerelease(semver.clean(tag.version))
+      (tag) =>
+        ((branch.type === "prerelease" &&
+          tag.channels.some((channel) => isSameChannel(branch.channel, channel)) &&
+          semver
+            .parse(tag.version)
+            .prerelease.includes(branch.prerelease === true ? branch.name : branch.prerelease)) ||
+          !semver.prerelease(tag.version)) &&
+        (isUndefined(before) || semver.lt(tag.version, before))
    )
    .sort((a, b) => semver.rcompare(a.version, b.version));

-  debug('found tags: %o', tags);
-
-  const tag = await pLocate(tags, tag => isRefInHistory(tag.gitTag, {cwd, env}), {preserveOrder: true});
-
-  if (tag) {
-    logger.log(`Found git tag ${tag.gitTag} associated with version ${tag.version}`);
-    return {gitHead: await getTagHead(tag.gitTag, {cwd, env}), ...tag};
+  if (gitTag) {
+    return { version, gitTag, channels, gitHead: gitTag, name: makeTag(tagFormat, version) };
  }

-  logger.log('No git tag version found');
  return {};
 };
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
-const {Signale} = require('signale');
-const figures = require('figures');
+import signale from "signale";
+import figures from "figures";

-module.exports = ({stdout, stderr}) =>
+const { Signale } = signale;
+
+export default ({ stdout, stderr }) =>
  new Signale({
-    config: {displayTimestamp: true, underlineMessage: false, displayLabel: false},
+    config: { displayTimestamp: true, underlineMessage: false, displayLabel: false },
    disabled: false,
    interactive: false,
-    scope: 'semantic-release',
+    scope: "semantic-release",
    stream: [stdout],
    types: {
-      error: {badge: figures.cross, color: 'red', label: '', stream: [stderr]},
-      log: {badge: figures.info, color: 'magenta', label: '', stream: [stdout]},
-      success: {badge: figures.tick, color: 'green', label: '', stream: [stdout]},
+      error: { badge: figures.cross, color: "red", label: "", stream: [stderr] },
+      log: { badge: figures.info, color: "magenta", label: "", stream: [stdout] },
+      success: { badge: figures.tick, color: "green", label: "", stream: [stdout] },
    },
  });
@@ -1,13 +1,33 @@
-const semver = require('semver');
-const {FIRST_RELEASE} = require('./definitions/constants');
+import semver from "semver";
+import { FIRST_RELEASE, FIRSTPRERELEASE } from "./definitions/constants.js";
+import { getLatestVersion, highest, isSameChannel, tagsToVersions } from "./utils.js";

-module.exports = ({nextRelease: {type}, lastRelease, logger}) => {
+export default ({ branch, nextRelease: { type, channel }, lastRelease, logger }) => {
  let version;
  if (lastRelease.version) {
-    version = semver.inc(lastRelease.version, type);
-    logger.log(`The next release version is ${version}`);
+    const { major, minor, patch } = semver.parse(lastRelease.version);
+
+    if (branch.type === "prerelease") {
+      if (
+        semver.prerelease(lastRelease.version) &&
+        lastRelease.channels.some((lastReleaseChannel) => isSameChannel(lastReleaseChannel, channel))
+      ) {
+        version = highest(
+          semver.inc(lastRelease.version, "prerelease"),
+          `${semver.inc(getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(branch.tags), { withPrerelease: true }), type)}-${
+            branch.prerelease
+          }.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}`
+        );
+      } else {
+        version = `${semver.inc(`${major}.${minor}.${patch}`, type)}-${branch.prerelease}.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}`;
+      }
+    } else {
+      version = semver.inc(lastRelease.version, type);
+    }
+
+    logger.log("The next release version is %s", version);
  } else {
-    version = FIRST_RELEASE;
+    version = branch.type === "prerelease" ? `${FIRST_RELEASE}-${branch.prerelease}.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}` : FIRST_RELEASE;
    logger.log(`There is no previous release, the next release version is ${version}`);
  }

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { intersection, uniqBy } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import semverDiff from "semver-diff";
+import getLastRelease from "./get-last-release.js";
+import { getLowerBound, makeTag } from "./utils.js";
+
+/**
+ * Find releases that have been merged from from a higher branch but not added on the channel of the current branch.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ *
+ * @return {Array<Object>} Last release and next release to be added on the channel of the current branch.
+ */
+export default (context) => {
+  const {
+    branch,
+    branches,
+    options: { tagFormat },
+  } = context;
+
+  const higherChannels = branches
+    // Consider only releases of higher branches
+    .slice(branches.findIndex(({ name }) => name === branch.name) + 1)
+    // Exclude prerelease branches
+    .filter(({ type }) => type !== "prerelease")
+    .map(({ channel }) => channel || null);
+
+  const versiontoAdd = uniqBy(
+    branch.tags.filter(
+      ({ channels, version }) =>
+        !channels.includes(branch.channel || null) &&
+        intersection(channels, higherChannels).length > 0 &&
+        (branch.type !== "maintenance" || semver.gte(version, getLowerBound(branch.mergeRange)))
+    ),
+    "version"
+  ).sort((a, b) => semver.compare(b.version, a.version))[0];
+
+  if (versiontoAdd) {
+    const { version, gitTag, channels } = versiontoAdd;
+    const lastRelease = getLastRelease(context, { before: version });
+    if (semver.gt(getLastRelease(context).version, version)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const type = lastRelease.version ? semverDiff(lastRelease.version, version) : "major";
+    const name = makeTag(tagFormat, version);
+    return {
+      lastRelease,
+      currentRelease: { type, version, channels, gitTag, name, gitHead: gitTag },
+      nextRelease: {
+        type,
+        version,
+        channel: branch.channel || null,
+        gitTag: makeTag(tagFormat, version),
+        name,
+        gitHead: gitTag,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+};
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
-const execa = require('execa');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:git');
+import gitLogParser from "git-log-parser";
+import getStream from "get-stream";
+import { execa } from "execa";
+import debugGit from "debug";
+import { GIT_NOTE_REF } from "./definitions/constants.js";
+
+const debug = debugGit("semantic-release:git");
+
+Object.assign(gitLogParser.fields, { hash: "H", message: "B", gitTags: "d", committerDate: { key: "ci", type: Date } });

 /**
 * Get the commit sha for a given tag.
@@ -7,64 +14,143 @@ const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:git');
 * @param {String} tagName Tag name for which to retrieve the commit sha.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
- * @return {string} The commit sha of the tag in parameter or `null`.
+ * @return {String} The commit sha of the tag in parameter or `null`.
 */
-async function getTagHead(tagName, execaOpts) {
-  try {
-    return await execa.stdout('git', ['rev-list', '-1', tagName], execaOpts);
-  } catch (error) {
-    debug(error);
-  }
+export async function getTagHead(tagName, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa("git", ["rev-list", "-1", tagName], execaOptions)).stdout;
 }

 /**
- * Get all the repository tags.
+ * Get all the tags for a given branch.
 *
+ * @param {String} branch The branch for which to retrieve the tags.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @return {Array<String>} List of git tags.
 * @throws {Error} If the `git` command fails.
 */
-async function getTags(execaOpts) {
-  return (await execa.stdout('git', ['tag'], execaOpts))
-    .split('\n')
-    .map(tag => tag.trim())
+export async function getTags(branch, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa("git", ["tag", "--merged", branch], execaOptions)).stdout
+    .split("\n")
+    .map((tag) => tag.trim())
    .filter(Boolean);
 }

 /**
- * Verify if the `ref` is in the direct history of the current branch.
+ * Retrieve a range of commits.
 *
- * @param {String} ref The reference to look for.
+ * @param {String} from to includes all commits made after this sha (does not include this sha).
+ * @param {String} to to includes all commits made before this sha (also include this sha).
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ * @return {Promise<Array<Object>>} The list of commits between `from` and `to`.
+ */
+export async function getCommits(from, to, execaOptions) {
+  return (
+    await getStream.array(
+      gitLogParser.parse(
+        { _: `${from ? from + ".." : ""}${to}` },
+        { cwd: execaOptions.cwd, env: { ...process.env, ...execaOptions.env } }
+      )
+    )
+  ).map(({ message, gitTags, ...commit }) => ({ ...commit, message: message.trim(), gitTags: gitTags.trim() }));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get all the repository branches.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
- * @return {Boolean} `true` if the reference is in the history of the current branch, falsy otherwise.
+ * @return {Array<String>} List of git branches.
+ * @throws {Error} If the `git` command fails.
 */
-async function isRefInHistory(ref, execaOpts) {
-  try {
-    await execa('git', ['merge-base', '--is-ancestor', ref, 'HEAD'], execaOpts);
-    return true;
-  } catch (error) {
-    if (error.code === 1) {
-      return false;
-    }
+export async function getBranches(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa("git", ["ls-remote", "--heads", repositoryUrl], execaOptions)).stdout
+    .split("\n")
+    .filter(Boolean)
+    .map((branch) => branch.match(/^.+refs\/heads\/(?<branch>.+)$/)[1]);
+}

+/**
+ * Verify if the `ref` exits
+ *
+ * @param {String} ref The reference to verify.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean} `true` if the reference exists, falsy otherwise.
+ */
+export async function isRefExists(ref, execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    return (await execa("git", ["rev-parse", "--verify", ref], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
    debug(error);
-    throw error;
  }
 }

 /**
- * Unshallow the git repository if necessary and fetch all the tags.
+ * Fetch all the tags from a branch. Unshallow if necessary.
+ * This will update the local branch from the latest on the remote if:
+ * - The branch is not the one that triggered the CI
+ * - The CI created a detached head
+ *
+ * Otherwise it just calls `git fetch` without specifying the `refspec` option to avoid overwritting the head commit set by the CI.
+ *
+ * The goal is to retrieve the informations on all the release branches without "disturbing" the CI, leaving the trigger branch or the detached head intact.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {String} branch The repository branch to fetch.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ */
+export async function fetch(repositoryUrl, branch, ciBranch, execaOptions) {
+  const isDetachedHead =
+    (await execa("git", ["rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD"], { ...execaOptions, reject: false })).stdout === "HEAD";
+
+  try {
+    await execa(
+      "git",
+      [
+        "fetch",
+        "--unshallow",
+        "--tags",
+        ...(branch === ciBranch && !isDetachedHead
+          ? [repositoryUrl]
+          : ["--update-head-ok", repositoryUrl, `+refs/heads/${branch}:refs/heads/${branch}`]),
+      ],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  } catch {
+    await execa(
+      "git",
+      [
+        "fetch",
+        "--tags",
+        ...(branch === ciBranch && !isDetachedHead
+          ? [repositoryUrl]
+          : ["--update-head-ok", repositoryUrl, `+refs/heads/${branch}:refs/heads/${branch}`]),
+      ],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unshallow the git repository if necessary and fetch all the notes.
 *
 * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 */
-async function fetch(repositoryUrl, execaOpts) {
+export async function fetchNotes(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    await execa('git', ['fetch', '--unshallow', '--tags', repositoryUrl], execaOpts);
-  } catch (error) {
-    await execa('git', ['fetch', '--tags', repositoryUrl], execaOpts);
+    await execa(
+      "git",
+      ["fetch", "--unshallow", repositoryUrl, `+refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}:refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  } catch {
+    await execa("git", ["fetch", repositoryUrl, `+refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}:refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`], {
+      ...execaOptions,
+      reject: false,
+    });
  }
 }

@@ -75,8 +161,8 @@ async function fetch(repositoryUrl, execaOpts) {
 *
 * @return {String} the sha of the HEAD commit.
 */
-function getGitHead(execaOpts) {
-  return execa.stdout('git', ['rev-parse', 'HEAD'], execaOpts);
+export async function getGitHead(execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa("git", ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], execaOptions)).stdout;
 }

 /**
@@ -86,9 +172,9 @@ function getGitHead(execaOpts) {
 *
 * @return {string} The value of the remote git URL.
 */
-async function repoUrl(execaOpts) {
+export async function repoUrl(execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return await execa.stdout('git', ['config', '--get', 'remote.origin.url'], execaOpts);
+    return (await execa("git", ["config", "--get", "remote.origin.url"], execaOptions)).stdout;
  } catch (error) {
    debug(error);
  }
@@ -101,9 +187,9 @@ async function repoUrl(execaOpts) {
 *
 * @return {Boolean} `true` if the current working directory is in a git repository, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function isGitRepo(execaOpts) {
+export async function isGitRepo(execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', '--git-dir'], execaOpts)).code === 0;
+    return (await execa("git", ["rev-parse", "--git-dir"], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
  } catch (error) {
    debug(error);
  }
@@ -113,14 +199,14 @@ async function isGitRepo(execaOpts) {
 * Verify the write access authorization to remote repository with push dry-run.
 *
 * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
- * @param {String} branch The repositoru branch for which to verify write access.
+ * @param {String} branch The repository branch for which to verify write access.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @throws {Error} if not authorized to push.
 */
-async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOpts) {
+export async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    await execa('git', ['push', '--dry-run', repositoryUrl, `HEAD:${branch}`], execaOpts);
+    await execa("git", ["push", "--dry-run", "--no-verify", repositoryUrl, `HEAD:${branch}`], execaOptions);
  } catch (error) {
    debug(error);
    throw error;
@@ -131,12 +217,13 @@ async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOpts) {
 * Tag the commit head on the local repository.
 *
 * @param {String} tagName The name of the tag.
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference to tag.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @throws {Error} if the tag creation failed.
 */
-async function tag(tagName, execaOpts) {
-  await execa('git', ['tag', tagName], execaOpts);
+export async function tag(tagName, ref, execaOptions) {
+  await execa("git", ["tag", tagName, ref], execaOptions);
 }

 /**
@@ -147,8 +234,20 @@ async function tag(tagName, execaOpts) {
 *
 * @throws {Error} if the push failed.
 */
-async function push(repositoryUrl, execaOpts) {
-  await execa('git', ['push', '--tags', repositoryUrl], execaOpts);
+export async function push(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  await execa("git", ["push", "--tags", repositoryUrl], execaOptions);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Push notes to the remote repository.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error} if the push failed.
+ */
+export async function pushNotes(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  await execa("git", ["push", repositoryUrl, `refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`], execaOptions);
 }

 /**
@@ -159,9 +258,25 @@ async function push(repositoryUrl, execaOpts) {
 *
 * @return {Boolean} `true` if valid, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function verifyTagName(tagName, execaOpts) {
+export async function verifyTagName(tagName, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return (await execa('git', ['check-ref-format', `refs/tags/${tagName}`], execaOpts)).code === 0;
+    return (await execa("git", ["check-ref-format", `refs/tags/${tagName}`], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verify a branch name is a valid Git reference.
+ *
+ * @param {String} branch the branch name to verify.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean} `true` if valid, falsy otherwise.
+ */
+export async function verifyBranchName(branch, execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    return (await execa("git", ["check-ref-format", `refs/heads/${branch}`], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
  } catch (error) {
    debug(error);
  }
@@ -170,31 +285,47 @@ async function verifyTagName(tagName, execaOpts) {
 /**
 * Verify the local branch is up to date with the remote one.
 *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
 * @param {String} branch The repository branch for which to verify status.
 * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @return {Boolean} `true` is the HEAD of the current local branch is the same as the HEAD of the remote branch, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function isBranchUpToDate(branch, execaOpts) {
-  const remoteHead = await execa.stdout('git', ['ls-remote', '--heads', 'origin', branch], execaOpts);
+export async function isBranchUpToDate(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOptions) {
+  return (
+    (await getGitHead(execaOptions)) ===
+    (await execa("git", ["ls-remote", "--heads", repositoryUrl, branch], execaOptions)).stdout.match(/^(?<ref>\w+)?/)[1]
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get and parse the JSON note of a given reference.
+ *
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference for which to retrieve the note.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Object} the parsed JSON note if there is one, an empty object otherwise.
+ */
+export async function getNote(ref, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return await isRefInHistory(remoteHead.match(/^(\w+)?/)[1], execaOpts);
+    return JSON.parse((await execa("git", ["notes", "--ref", GIT_NOTE_REF, "show", ref], execaOptions)).stdout);
  } catch (error) {
+    if (error.exitCode === 1) {
+      return {};
+    }
+
    debug(error);
+    throw error;
  }
 }

-module.exports = {
-  getTagHead,
-  getTags,
-  isRefInHistory,
-  fetch,
-  getGitHead,
-  repoUrl,
-  isGitRepo,
-  verifyAuth,
-  tag,
-  push,
-  verifyTagName,
-  isBranchUpToDate,
-};
+/**
+ * Add JSON note to a given reference.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} note The object to save in the reference note.
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference to add the note to.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ */
+export async function addNote(note, ref, execaOptions) {
+  await execa("git", ["notes", "--ref", GIT_NOTE_REF, "add", "-f", "-m", JSON.stringify(note), ref], execaOptions);
+}
@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
-const {escapeRegExp, size, isString} = require('lodash');
-const {SECRET_REPLACEMENT, SECRET_MIN_SIZE} = require('./definitions/constants');
+import { escapeRegExp, isString, size } from "lodash-es";
+import { SECRET_MIN_SIZE, SECRET_REPLACEMENT } from "./definitions/constants.js";

-module.exports = env => {
-  const toReplace = Object.keys(env).filter(
-    envVar => /token|password|credential|secret|private/i.test(envVar) && size(env[envVar].trim()) >= SECRET_MIN_SIZE
+export default (env) => {
+  const toReplace = Object.keys(env).filter((envVar) => {
+    // https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/1558
+    if (envVar === "GOPRIVATE") {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return /token|password|credential|secret|private/i.test(envVar) && size(env[envVar].trim()) >= SECRET_MIN_SIZE;
+  });
+
+  const regexp = new RegExp(
+    toReplace.map((envVar) => `${escapeRegExp(env[envVar])}|${escapeRegExp(encodeURI(env[envVar]))}`).join("|"),
+    "g"
  );
-
-  const regexp = new RegExp(toReplace.map(envVar => escapeRegExp(env[envVar])).join('|'), 'g');
-  return output =>
+  return (output) =>
    output && isString(output) && toReplace.length > 0 ? output.toString().replace(regexp, SECRET_REPLACEMENT) : output;
 };
@@ -1,40 +1,41 @@
-const {identity, isPlainObject, omit, castArray, isNil, isString} = require('lodash');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const getError = require('../get-error');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('../definitions/plugins');
-const {validatePlugin, validateStep, loadPlugin, parseConfig} = require('./utils');
-const pipeline = require('./pipeline');
-const normalize = require('./normalize');
+import { castArray, identity, isNil, isPlainObject, isString, omit } from "lodash-es";
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";
+import getError from "../get-error.js";
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from "../definitions/plugins.js";
+import { loadPlugin, parseConfig, validatePlugin, validateStep } from "./utils.js";
+import pipeline from "./pipeline.js";
+import normalize from "./normalize.js";

-module.exports = (context, pluginsPath) => {
-  let {options, logger} = context;
+export default async (context, pluginsPath) => {
+  let { options, logger } = context;
  const errors = [];

  const plugins = options.plugins
-    ? castArray(options.plugins).reduce((plugins, plugin) => {
+    ? await castArray(options.plugins).reduce(async (eventualPluginsList, plugin) => {
+        const pluginsList = await eventualPluginsList;
        if (validatePlugin(plugin)) {
          const [name, config] = parseConfig(plugin);
-          plugin = isString(name) ? loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath) : name;
+          plugin = isString(name) ? await loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath) : name;

          if (isPlainObject(plugin)) {
            Object.entries(plugin).forEach(([type, func]) => {
              if (PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[type]) {
-                Reflect.defineProperty(func, 'pluginName', {
-                  value: isPlainObject(name) ? 'Inline plugin' : name,
+                Reflect.defineProperty(func, "pluginName", {
+                  value: isPlainObject(name) ? "Inline plugin" : name,
                  writable: false,
                  enumerable: true,
                });
-                plugins[type] = [...(plugins[type] || []), [func, config]];
+                pluginsList[type] = [...(pluginsList[type] || []), [func, config]];
              }
            });
          } else {
-            errors.push(getError('EPLUGINSCONF', {plugin}));
+            errors.push(getError("EPLUGINSCONF", { plugin }));
          }
        } else {
-          errors.push(getError('EPLUGINSCONF', {plugin}));
+          errors.push(getError("EPLUGINSCONF", { plugin }));
        }

-        return plugins;
+        return pluginsList;
      }, {})
    : [];

@@ -42,46 +43,55 @@ module.exports = (context, pluginsPath) => {
    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }

-  options = {...plugins, ...options};
+  options = { ...plugins, ...options };

-  const pluginsConf = Object.entries(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS).reduce(
-    (pluginsConf, [type, {required, default: def, pipelineConfig, postprocess = identity, preprocess = identity}]) => {
-      let pluginOpts;
+  const pluginsConfig = await Object.entries(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS).reduce(
+    async (
+      eventualPluginsConfigAccumulator,
+      [type, { required, default: def, pipelineConfig, postprocess = identity, preprocess = identity }]
+    ) => {
+      let pluginOptions;
+      const pluginsConfigAccumulator = await eventualPluginsConfigAccumulator;

      if (isNil(options[type]) && def) {
-        pluginOpts = def;
+        pluginOptions = def;
      } else {
        // If an object is passed and the path is missing, merge it with step options
        if (isPlainObject(options[type]) && !options[type].path) {
-          options[type] = castArray(plugins[type]).map(plugin =>
+          options[type] = castArray(plugins[type]).map((plugin) =>
            plugin ? [plugin[0], Object.assign(plugin[1], options[type])] : plugin
          );
        }

-        if (!validateStep({required}, options[type])) {
-          errors.push(getError('EPLUGINCONF', {type, required, pluginConf: options[type]}));
-          return pluginsConf;
+        if (!validateStep({ required }, options[type])) {
+          errors.push(getError("EPLUGINCONF", { type, required, pluginConf: options[type] }));
+          return pluginsConfigAccumulator;
        }

-        pluginOpts = options[type];
+        pluginOptions = options[type];
      }

-      const steps = castArray(pluginOpts).map(pluginOpt =>
-        normalize(
-          {...context, options: omit(options, Object.keys(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS), 'plugins')},
-          type,
-          pluginOpt,
-          pluginsPath
+      const steps = await Promise.all(
+        castArray(pluginOptions).map(async (pluginOpt) =>
+          normalize(
+            { ...context, options: omit(options, Object.keys(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS), "plugins") },
+            type,
+            pluginOpt,
+            pluginsPath
+          )
        )
      );

-      pluginsConf[type] = async input =>
+      pluginsConfigAccumulator[type] = async (input) =>
        postprocess(
-          await pipeline(steps, pipelineConfig && pipelineConfig(pluginsConf, logger))(await preprocess(input)),
+          await pipeline(
+            steps,
+            pipelineConfig && pipelineConfig(pluginsConfigAccumulator, logger)
+          )(await preprocess(input)),
          input
        );

-      return pluginsConf;
+      return pluginsConfigAccumulator;
    },
    plugins
  );
@@ -89,5 +99,5 @@ module.exports = (context, pluginsPath) => {
    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }

-  return pluginsConf;
+  return pluginsConfig;
 };
@@ -1,44 +1,46 @@
-const {isPlainObject, isFunction, noop, cloneDeep, omit} = require('lodash');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:plugins');
-const getError = require('../get-error');
-const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('../definitions/plugins');
-const {loadPlugin, parseConfig} = require('./utils');
+import { cloneDeep, isFunction, isPlainObject, noop, omit } from "lodash-es";
+import debugPlugins from "debug";
+import getError from "../get-error.js";
+import { extractErrors } from "../utils.js";
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from "../definitions/plugins.js";
+import { loadPlugin, parseConfig } from "./utils.js";

-module.exports = (context, type, pluginOpt, pluginsPath) => {
-  const {stdout, stderr, options, logger} = context;
+const debug = debugPlugins("semantic-release:plugins");
+
+export default async (context, type, pluginOpt, pluginsPath) => {
+  const { stdout, stderr, options, logger } = context;
  if (!pluginOpt) {
    return noop;
  }

  const [name, config] = parseConfig(pluginOpt);
  const pluginName = name.pluginName ? name.pluginName : isFunction(name) ? `[Function: ${name.name}]` : name;
-  const plugin = loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath);
+  const plugin = await loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath);

  debug(`options for ${pluginName}/${type}: %O`, config);

  let func;
  if (isFunction(plugin)) {
-    func = plugin.bind(null, cloneDeep({...options, ...config}));
+    func = plugin.bind(null, cloneDeep({ ...options, ...config }));
  } else if (isPlainObject(plugin) && plugin[type] && isFunction(plugin[type])) {
-    func = plugin[type].bind(null, cloneDeep({...options, ...config}));
+    func = plugin[type].bind(null, cloneDeep({ ...options, ...config }));
  } else {
-    throw getError('EPLUGIN', {type, pluginName});
+    throw getError("EPLUGIN", { type, pluginName });
  }

-  const validator = async input => {
-    const {dryRun, outputValidator} = PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[type] || {};
+  const validator = async (input) => {
+    const { dryRun, outputValidator } = PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[type] || {};
    try {
      if (!input.options.dryRun || dryRun) {
        logger.log(`Start step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
        const result = await func({
-          ...cloneDeep(omit(input, ['stdout', 'stderr', 'logger'])),
+          ...cloneDeep(omit(input, ["stdout", "stderr", "logger"])),
          stdout,
          stderr,
          logger: logger.scope(logger.scopeName, pluginName),
        });
        if (outputValidator && !outputValidator(result)) {
-          throw getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}OUTPUT`, {result, pluginName});
+          throw getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}OUTPUT`, { result, pluginName });
        }

        logger.success(`Completed step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
@@ -48,12 +50,12 @@ module.exports = (context, type, pluginOpt, pluginsPath) => {
      logger.warn(`Skip step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}" in dry-run mode`);
    } catch (error) {
      logger.error(`Failed step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
-      extractErrors(error).forEach(err => Object.assign(err, {pluginName}));
+      extractErrors(error).forEach((err) => Object.assign(err, { pluginName }));
      throw error;
    }
  };

-  Reflect.defineProperty(validator, 'pluginName', {value: pluginName, writable: false, enumerable: true});
+  Reflect.defineProperty(validator, "pluginName", { value: pluginName, writable: false, enumerable: true });

  if (!isFunction(pluginOpt)) {
    if (pluginsPath[name]) {
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const {identity} = require('lodash');
-const pReduce = require('p-reduce');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
+import { identity } from "lodash-es";
+import pReduce from "p-reduce";
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";
+import { extractErrors } from "../utils.js";

 /**
 * A Function that execute a list of function sequencially. If at least one Function ins the pipeline throws an Error or rejects, the pipeline function rejects as well.
@@ -23,36 +23,37 @@ const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
 * @param {Function} [options.getNextInput=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the last step input and the current current step result; the returned value will be used as the input of the next step.
 * @param {Function} [options.transform=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the current step result, the step function and the last step input; the returned value will be saved in the pipeline results.
 *
- * @return {Pipeline} A Function that execute the `steps` sequencially
+ * @return {Pipeline} A Function that execute the `steps` sequentially
 */
-module.exports = (steps, {settleAll = false, getNextInput = identity, transform = identity} = {}) => async input => {
-  const results = [];
-  const errors = [];
-  await pReduce(
-    steps,
-    async (lastInput, step) => {
-      let result;
-      try {
-        // Call the step with the input computed at the end of the previous iteration and save intermediary result
-        result = await transform(await step(lastInput), step, lastInput);
-        results.push(result);
-      } catch (error) {
-        if (settleAll) {
-          errors.push(...extractErrors(error));
-          result = error;
-        } else {
-          throw error;
+export default (steps, { settleAll = false, getNextInput = identity, transform = identity } = {}) =>
+  async (input) => {
+    const results = [];
+    const errors = [];
+    await pReduce(
+      steps,
+      async (lastInput, step) => {
+        let result;
+        try {
+          // Call the step with the input computed at the end of the previous iteration and save intermediary result
+          result = await transform(await step(lastInput), step, lastInput);
+          results.push(result);
+        } catch (error) {
+          if (settleAll) {
+            errors.push(...extractErrors(error));
+            result = error;
+          } else {
+            throw error;
+          }
        }
-      }

-      // Prepare input for the next step, passing the input of the last iteration (or initial parameter for the first iteration) and the result of the current one
-      return getNextInput(lastInput, result);
-    },
-    input
-  );
-  if (errors.length > 0) {
-    throw new AggregateError(errors);
-  }
+        // Prepare input for the next step, passing the input of the last iteration (or initial parameter for the first iteration) and the result of the current one
+        return getNextInput(lastInput, result);
+      },
+      input
+    );
+    if (errors.length > 0) {
+      throw new AggregateError(errors);
+    }

-  return results;
-};
+    return results;
+  };
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-const {dirname} = require('path');
-const {isString, isFunction, castArray, isArray, isPlainObject, isNil} = require('lodash');
-const resolveFrom = require('resolve-from');
+import { dirname } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { castArray, isArray, isFunction, isNil, isPlainObject, isString } from "lodash-es";
+import resolveFrom from "resolve-from";

-const validateSteps = conf => {
-  return conf.every(conf => {
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
+const validateSteps = (conf) => {
+  return conf.every((conf) => {
    if (
      isArray(conf) &&
      (conf.length === 1 || conf.length === 2) &&
@@ -24,7 +27,7 @@ const validateSteps = conf => {
  });
 };

-function validatePlugin(conf) {
+export function validatePlugin(conf) {
  return (
    isString(conf) ||
    (isArray(conf) &&
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ function validatePlugin(conf) {
  );
 }

-function validateStep({required}, conf) {
+export function validateStep({ required }, conf) {
  conf = castArray(conf).filter(Boolean);
  if (required) {
    return conf.length >= 1 && validateSteps(conf);
@@ -44,25 +47,35 @@ function validateStep({required}, conf) {
  return conf.length === 0 || validateSteps(conf);
 }

-function loadPlugin({cwd}, name, pluginsPath) {
+export async function loadPlugin({ cwd }, name, pluginsPath) {
  const basePath = pluginsPath[name]
    ? dirname(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, pluginsPath[name]) || resolveFrom(cwd, pluginsPath[name]))
    : __dirname;
-  return isFunction(name) ? name : require(resolveFrom.silent(basePath, name) || resolveFrom(cwd, name));
+
+  if (isFunction(name)) {
+    return name;
+  }
+
+  const file = resolveFrom.silent(basePath, name) || resolveFrom(cwd, name);
+  const { default: cjsExport, ...esmNamedExports } = await import(`file://${file}`);
+
+  if (cjsExport) {
+    return cjsExport;
+  }
+
+  return esmNamedExports;
 }

-function parseConfig(plugin) {
+export function parseConfig(plugin) {
  let path;
  let config;
  if (isArray(plugin)) {
    [path, config] = plugin;
  } else if (isPlainObject(plugin) && !isNil(plugin.path)) {
-    ({path, ...config} = plugin);
+    ({ path, ...config } = plugin);
  } else {
    path = plugin;
  }

  return [path, config || {}];
 }
-
-module.exports = {validatePlugin, validateStep, loadPlugin, parseConfig};
@@ -1,20 +1,83 @@
-const {isFunction} = require('lodash');
-const hideSensitive = require('./hide-sensitive');
+import { isFunction, template, union } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import hideSensitive from "./hide-sensitive.js";

-function extractErrors(err) {
-  return err && isFunction(err[Symbol.iterator]) ? [...err] : [err];
+export function extractErrors(err) {
+  return err && err.errors ? [...err.errors] : [err];
 }

-function hideSensitiveValues(env, objs) {
+export function hideSensitiveValues(env, objs) {
  const hideFunction = hideSensitive(env);
-  return objs.map(obj => {
-    Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).forEach(prop => {
-      if (obj[prop]) {
-        obj[prop] = hideFunction(obj[prop]);
+  return objs.map((object) => {
+    Object.getOwnPropertyNames(object).forEach((prop) => {
+      if (object[prop]) {
+        object[prop] = hideFunction(object[prop]);
      }
    });
-    return obj;
+    return object;
  });
 }

-module.exports = {extractErrors, hideSensitiveValues};
+export function tagsToVersions(tags) {
+  return tags.map(({ version }) => version);
+}
+
+export function isMajorRange(range) {
+  return /^\d+\.x(?:\.x)?$/i.test(range);
+}
+
+export function isMaintenanceRange(range) {
+  return /^\d+\.(?:\d+|x)(?:\.x)?$/i.test(range);
+}
+
+export function getUpperBound(range) {
+  const result = semver.valid(range)
+    ? range
+    : ((semver.validRange(range) || "").match(/<(?<upperBound>\d+\.\d+\.\d+(-\d+)?)$/) || [])[1];
+
+  return result
+    ? // https://github.com/npm/node-semver/issues/322
+      result.replace(/-\d+$/, "")
+    : result;
+}
+
+export function getLowerBound(range) {
+  return ((semver.validRange(range) || "").match(/(?<lowerBound>\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/) || [])[1];
+}
+
+export function highest(version1, version2) {
+  return version1 && version2 ? (semver.gt(version1, version2) ? version1 : version2) : version1 || version2;
+}
+
+export function lowest(version1, version2) {
+  return version1 && version2 ? (semver.lt(version1, version2) ? version1 : version2) : version1 || version2;
+}
+
+export function getLatestVersion(versions, { withPrerelease } = {}) {
+  return versions.filter((version) => withPrerelease || !semver.prerelease(version)).sort(semver.rcompare)[0];
+}
+
+export function getEarliestVersion(versions, { withPrerelease } = {}) {
+  return versions.filter((version) => withPrerelease || !semver.prerelease(version)).sort(semver.compare)[0];
+}
+
+export function getFirstVersion(versions, lowerBranches) {
+  const lowerVersion = union(...lowerBranches.map(({ tags }) => tagsToVersions(tags))).sort(semver.rcompare);
+  if (lowerVersion[0]) {
+    return versions.sort(semver.compare).find((version) => semver.gt(version, lowerVersion[0]));
+  }
+
+  return getEarliestVersion(versions);
+}
+
+export function getRange(min, max) {
+  return `>=${min}${max ? ` <${max}` : ""}`;
+}
+
+export function makeTag(tagFormat, version) {
+  return template(tagFormat)({ version });
+}
+
+export function isSameChannel(channel, otherChannel) {
+  return channel === otherChannel || (!channel && !otherChannel);
+}
@@ -1,29 +1,42 @@
-const {template} = require('lodash');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const {isGitRepo, verifyTagName} = require('./git');
-const getError = require('./get-error');
+import { isPlainObject, isString, template } from "lodash-es";
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";
+import { isGitRepo, verifyTagName } from "./git.js";
+import getError from "./get-error.js";

-module.exports = async ({cwd, env, options: {repositoryUrl, tagFormat}}) => {
+export default async (context) => {
+  const {
+    cwd,
+    env,
+    options: { repositoryUrl, tagFormat, branches },
+  } = context;
  const errors = [];

-  if (!(await isGitRepo({cwd, env}))) {
-    errors.push(getError('ENOGITREPO', {cwd}));
+  if (!(await isGitRepo({ cwd, env }))) {
+    errors.push(getError("ENOGITREPO", { cwd }));
  } else if (!repositoryUrl) {
-    errors.push(getError('ENOREPOURL'));
+    errors.push(getError("ENOREPOURL"));
  }

  // Verify that compiling the `tagFormat` produce a valid Git tag
-  if (!(await verifyTagName(template(tagFormat)({version: '0.0.0'})))) {
-    errors.push(getError('EINVALIDTAGFORMAT', {tagFormat}));
+  if (!(await verifyTagName(template(tagFormat)({ version: "0.0.0" })))) {
+    errors.push(getError("EINVALIDTAGFORMAT", context));
  }

  // Verify the `tagFormat` contains the variable `version` by compiling the `tagFormat` template
  // with a space as the `version` value and verify the result contains the space.
  // The space is used as it's an invalid tag character, so it's guaranteed to no be present in the `tagFormat`.
-  if ((template(tagFormat)({version: ' '}).match(/ /g) || []).length !== 1) {
-    errors.push(getError('ETAGNOVERSION', {tagFormat}));
+  if ((template(tagFormat)({ version: " " }).match(/ /g) || []).length !== 1) {
+    errors.push(getError("ETAGNOVERSION", context));
  }

+  branches.forEach((branch) => {
+    if (
+      !((isString(branch) && branch.trim()) || (isPlainObject(branch) && isString(branch.name) && branch.name.trim()))
+    ) {
+      errors.push(getError("EINVALIDBRANCH", { branch }));
+    }
+  });
+
  if (errors.length > 0) {
    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="15 0 500 500" width="500px" height="500px">
+    <path fill="#494949" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M265 300a50 50 0 110-100 50 50 0 010 100zm0-15a35 35 0 100-70 35 35 0 000 70zM189 65v36c2 11 21 55 35 81-18-13-58-43-69-58a92 92 0 01-17-29l-71 40v86c9 5 23 15 31 18 11 4 59 9 88 10-21 9-66 29-85 31-16 3-27 1-34 0v85l69 39c9-4 24-12 31-17 9-7 37-46 52-71-2 22-8 71-15 89-6 15-13 23-17 29l79 45 73-42c1-9 2-28 0-38-1-11-21-55-34-81 18 14 57 44 69 59 11 13 15 24 17 30l74-42v-84c-8-5-24-15-34-19s-58-9-87-10c21-10 66-29 85-31 18-3 29-1 36 1v-87l-70-40-31 19c-9 7-37 46-53 70 3-22 9-71 16-89 6-15 13-24 18-29l-79-45-77 44zm77-65l217 125v250L266 500 49 375V125L266 0z"/>
+</svg>
@@ -2,79 +2,87 @@
  "name": "semantic-release",
  "description": "Automated semver compliant package publishing",
  "version": "0.0.0-development",
+  "type": "module",
  "author": "Stephan Bönnemann <stephan@boennemann.me> (http://boennemann.me)",
+  "ava": {
+    "files": [
+      "test/**/*.test.js"
+    ],
+    "nodeArguments": [
+      "--loader=testdouble",
+      "--no-warnings"
+    ],
+    "timeout": "2m"
+  },
  "bin": {
    "semantic-release": "bin/semantic-release.js"
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues"
  },
-  "config": {
-    "commitizen": {
-      "path": "cz-conventional-changelog"
-    }
-  },
  "contributors": [
    "Gregor Martynus (https://twitter.com/gr2m)",
-    "Pierre Vanduynslager (https://twitter.com/@pvdlg_)"
+    "Pierre Vanduynslager (https://twitter.com/@pvdlg_)",
+    "Matt Travi <npm@travi.org> (https://matt.travi.org/)"
  ],
  "dependencies": {
-    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer": "^6.1.0",
-    "@semantic-release/error": "^2.2.0",
-    "@semantic-release/github": "^5.1.0",
-    "@semantic-release/npm": "^5.0.5",
-    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator": "^7.1.2",
-    "aggregate-error": "^3.0.0",
-    "cosmiconfig": "^5.0.1",
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer": "^11.0.0-beta.1",
+    "@semantic-release/error": "^4.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/github": "^9.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/npm": "^10.0.2",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator": "^12.0.0-beta.1",
+    "aggregate-error": "^4.0.1",
+    "cosmiconfig": "^8.0.0",
    "debug": "^4.0.0",
-    "env-ci": "^3.0.0",
-    "execa": "^1.0.0",
-    "figures": "^3.0.0",
-    "find-versions": "^3.0.0",
-    "get-stream": "^5.0.0",
+    "env-ci": "^9.0.0",
+    "execa": "^8.0.0",
+    "figures": "^5.0.0",
+    "find-versions": "^5.1.0",
+    "get-stream": "^6.0.0",
    "git-log-parser": "^1.2.0",
-    "hook-std": "^2.0.0",
-    "hosted-git-info": "^2.7.1",
-    "lodash": "^4.17.4",
-    "marked": "^0.6.0",
-    "marked-terminal": "^3.2.0",
-    "p-locate": "^4.0.0",
-    "p-reduce": "^2.0.0",
-    "read-pkg-up": "^6.0.0",
+    "hook-std": "^3.0.0",
+    "hosted-git-info": "^7.0.0",
+    "lodash-es": "^4.17.21",
+    "marked": "^5.0.0",
+    "marked-terminal": "^5.1.1",
+    "micromatch": "^4.0.2",
+    "p-each-series": "^3.0.0",
+    "p-reduce": "^3.0.0",
+    "read-pkg-up": "^10.0.0",
    "resolve-from": "^5.0.0",
-    "semver": "^6.0.0",
+    "semver": "^7.3.2",
+    "semver-diff": "^4.0.0",
    "signale": "^1.2.1",
-    "yargs": "^13.1.0"
+    "yargs": "^17.5.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "ava": "^1.3.1",
-    "clear-module": "^3.0.0",
-    "codecov": "^3.0.0",
-    "commitizen": "^3.0.0",
-    "cz-conventional-changelog": "^2.0.0",
-    "delay": "^4.0.0",
-    "dockerode": "^2.5.2",
-    "file-url": "^3.0.0",
-    "fs-extra": "^8.0.0",
-    "got": "^9.0.0",
-    "js-yaml": "^3.10.0",
-    "mockserver-client": "^5.1.1",
-    "nock": "^10.0.0",
-    "nyc": "^14.0.0",
-    "p-retry": "^4.0.0",
-    "proxyquire": "^2.0.0",
-    "sinon": "^7.2.7",
-    "stream-buffers": "^3.0.2",
-    "tempy": "^0.3.0",
-    "xo": "^0.24.0"
+    "ava": "5.3.1",
+    "c8": "8.0.1",
+    "clear-module": "4.1.2",
+    "codecov": "3.8.3",
+    "dockerode": "3.3.5",
+    "file-url": "4.0.0",
+    "fs-extra": "11.1.1",
+    "got": "13.0.0",
+    "js-yaml": "4.1.0",
+    "mockserver-client": "5.15.0",
+    "nock": "13.3.3",
+    "p-retry": "6.0.0",
+    "prettier": "3.0.3",
+    "sinon": "15.2.0",
+    "stream-buffers": "3.0.2",
+    "tempy": "3.1.0",
+    "testdouble": "3.18.0"
  },
  "engines": {
-    "node": ">=8.3"
+    "node": ">=18"
  },
+  "exports": "./index.js",
  "files": [
    "bin",
    "docs",
    "lib",
+    "index.d.ts",
    "index.js",
    "cli.js"
  ],
@@ -91,8 +99,9 @@
    "version"
  ],
  "license": "MIT",
-  "main": "index.js",
-  "nyc": {
+  "main": "./index.js",
+  "types": "index.d.ts",
+  "c8": {
    "include": [
      "lib/**/*.js",
      "index.js",
@@ -110,22 +119,25 @@
    "trailingComma": "es5"
  },
  "publishConfig": {
-    "tag": "next"
+    "access": "public",
+    "provenance": true
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "git+https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release.git"
  },
  "scripts": {
-    "cm": "git-cz",
    "codecov": "codecov -f coverage/coverage-final.json",
-    "lint": "xo",
+    "lint": "prettier --check \"*.{js,json,md}\" \".github/**/*.{md,yml}\" \"docs/**/*.md\" \"{bin,lib,test}/**/*.js\"",
+    "lint:fix": "prettier --write \"*.{js,json,md}\" \".github/**/*.{md,yml}\" \"docs/**/*.md\" \"{bin,lib,test}/**/*.js\"",
    "pretest": "npm run lint",
    "semantic-release": "./bin/semantic-release.js",
-    "test": "nyc ava -v"
+    "test": "c8 ava --verbose",
+    "test:ci": "c8 ava --verbose"
  },
-  "xo": {
-    "prettier": true,
-    "space": true
+  "renovate": {
+    "extends": [
+      "github>semantic-release/.github"
+    ]
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+import test from "ava";
+import { union } from "lodash-es";
+import semver from "semver";
+import * as td from "testdouble";
+
+const getBranch = (branches, branch) => branches.find(({ name }) => name === branch);
+const release = (branches, name, version) => getBranch(branches, name).tags.push({ version });
+const merge = (branches, source, target, tag) => {
+  getBranch(branches, target).tags = union(
+    getBranch(branches, source).tags.filter(({ version }) => !tag || semver.cmp(version, "<=", tag)),
+    getBranch(branches, target).tags
+  );
+};
+const remoteBranches = [];
+const repositoryUrl = "repositoryUrl";
+let expand, getTags, getBranches;
+
+test.beforeEach(async (t) => {
+  getTags = (await td.replaceEsm("../../lib/branches/get-tags.js")).default;
+  expand = (await td.replaceEsm("../../lib/branches/expand.js")).default;
+  getBranches = (await import("../../lib/branches/index.js")).default;
+});
+
+test.afterEach.always((t) => {
+  td.reset();
+});
+
+test.serial("Enforce ranges with branching release workflow", async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    { name: "1.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "1.0.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "master", tags: [] },
+    { name: "next", tags: [] },
+    { name: "next-major", tags: [] },
+    { name: "beta", prerelease: true, tags: [] },
+    { name: "alpha", prerelease: true, tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const context = { options: { branches } };
+  td.when(expand(repositoryUrl, context, branches)).thenResolve(remoteBranches);
+  td.when(getTags(context, remoteBranches)).thenResolve(branches);
+
+  let result = (await getBranches(repositoryUrl, "master", context)).map(({ name, range }) => ({ name, range }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range, ">=1.0.0 <1.0.0", "Cannot release on 1.0.x before a releasing on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.0.0", "Cannot release on 1.x before a releasing on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.0");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.0.0");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=1.0.0");
+
+  release(branches, "master", "1.0.0");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", context)).map(({ name, range }) => ({ name, range }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range, ">=1.0.0 <1.0.0", "Cannot release on 1.0.x before a releasing on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.0.0", "Cannot release on 1.x before a releasing on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.0");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.0.0");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=1.0.0");
+
+  release(branches, "master", "1.0.1");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next-major");
+
+  merge(branches, "master", "next");
+  merge(branches, "master", "next-major");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=1.0.1", "Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next-major");
+
+  release(branches, "next", "1.1.0");
+  release(branches, "next", "1.1.1");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.1 <1.1.0", "Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.1.1", "Can release only > than 1.1.1 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=1.1.1", "Can release > than 1.1.1 on next-major");
+
+  release(branches, "next-major", "2.0.0");
+  release(branches, "next-major", "2.0.1");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.1 <1.1.0", "Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.1.1 <2.0.0", "Can release only patch or minor, > than 1.1.0 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major");
+
+  merge(branches, "next-major", "beta");
+  release(branches, "beta", "3.0.0-beta.1");
+  merge(branches, "beta", "alpha");
+  release(branches, "alpha", "4.0.0-alpha.1");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major");
+
+  merge(branches, "master", "1.0.x");
+  merge(branches, "master", "1.x");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.1 <1.1.0", "Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range,
+    ">=1.0.1 <1.0.1",
+    "Cannot release on 1.0.x before >= 1.1.0 is released on master"
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.0.1", "Cannot release on 1.x before >= 1.2.0 is released on master");
+
+  release(branches, "master", "1.0.2");
+  release(branches, "master", "1.0.3");
+  release(branches, "master", "1.0.4");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.0.4 <1.1.0", "Can release only patch, > than 1.0.4 on master");
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range,
+    ">=1.0.1 <1.0.2",
+    "Cannot release on 1.0.x before >= 1.1.0 is released on master"
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.0.2", "Cannot release on 1.x before >= 1.2.0 is released on master");
+
+  merge(branches, "next", "master");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.1.1", "Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=1.1.1 <2.0.0", "Can release only patch or minor, > than 1.1.1 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major");
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range,
+    ">=1.0.1 <1.0.2",
+    "Cannot release on 1.0.x before 1.0.x version from master are merged"
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.0.2", "Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master");
+
+  merge(branches, "master", "1.0.x", "1.0.4");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.1.1", "Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range, ">=1.0.4 <1.1.0", "Can release on 1.0.x only within range");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.0 <1.1.0", "Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master");
+
+  merge(branches, "master", "1.x");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=1.1.1", "Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range, ">=1.0.4 <1.1.0", "Can release on 1.0.x only within range");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.1 <1.1.1", "Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master");
+
+  merge(branches, "next-major", "next");
+  merge(branches, "next", "master");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release only > than 2.0.1 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release only > than 2.0.1 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=2.0.1", "Can release only > than 2.0.1 on next-major");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.1.1 <2.0.0", "Can release on 1.x only within range");
+
+  merge(branches, "beta", "master");
+  release(branches, "master", "3.0.0");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "master").range, ">=3.0.0", "Can release only > than 3.0.0 on master");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next").range, ">=3.0.0", "Can release only > than 3.0.0 on next");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "next-major").range, ">=3.0.0", "Can release only > than 3.0.0 on next-major");
+
+  branches.push({ name: "1.1.x", tags: [] });
+  merge(branches, "1.x", "1.1.x");
+  result = (await getBranches("repositoryUrl", "master", { options: { branches } })).map(({ name, range }) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.0.x").range, ">=1.0.4 <1.1.0", "Can release on 1.0.x only within range");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.1.x").range, ">=1.1.1 <1.2.0", "Can release on 1.1.x only within range");
+  t.is(getBranch(result, "1.x").range, ">=1.2.0 <2.0.0", "Can release on 1.x only within range");
+});
+
+test.serial("Throw SemanticReleaseError for invalid configurations", async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    { name: "123", range: "123", tags: [] },
+    { name: "1.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "maintenance-1", range: "1.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "1.x.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "beta", prerelease: "", tags: [] },
+    { name: "alpha", prerelease: "alpha", tags: [] },
+    { name: "preview", prerelease: "alpha", tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const context = { options: { branches } };
+  td.when(expand(repositoryUrl, context, branches)).thenResolve(remoteBranches);
+  td.when(getTags(context, remoteBranches)).thenResolve(branches);
+
+  const error = await t.throwsAsync(getBranches(repositoryUrl, "master", context));
+  const errors = [...error.errors];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[0].code, "EMAINTENANCEBRANCH");
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+  t.is(errors[1].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[1].code, "EMAINTENANCEBRANCHES");
+  t.truthy(errors[1].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[1].details);
+  t.is(errors[2].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[2].code, "EPRERELEASEBRANCH");
+  t.truthy(errors[2].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[2].details);
+  t.is(errors[3].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[3].code, "EPRERELEASEBRANCHES");
+  t.truthy(errors[3].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[3].details);
+  t.is(errors[4].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[4].code, "ERELEASEBRANCHES");
+  t.truthy(errors[4].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[4].details);
+});
+
+test.serial("Throw a SemanticReleaseError if there is duplicate branches", async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    { name: "master", tags: [] },
+    { name: "master", tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const context = { options: { branches } };
+  td.when(expand(repositoryUrl, context, branches)).thenResolve(remoteBranches);
+  td.when(getTags(context, remoteBranches)).thenResolve(branches);
+
+  const errors = [...(await t.throwsAsync(getBranches(repositoryUrl, "master", context))).errors];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[0].code, "EDUPLICATEBRANCHES");
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+});
+
+test.serial("Throw a SemanticReleaseError for each invalid branch name", async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    { name: "~master", tags: [] },
+    { name: "^master", tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const context = { options: { branches } };
+  const remoteBranches = [];
+  td.when(expand(repositoryUrl, context, branches)).thenResolve(remoteBranches);
+  td.when(getTags(context, remoteBranches)).thenResolve(branches);
+
+  const errors = [...(await t.throwsAsync(getBranches(repositoryUrl, "master", context))).errors];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[0].code, "EINVALIDBRANCHNAME");
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+  t.is(errors[1].name, "SemanticReleaseError");
+  t.is(errors[1].code, "EINVALIDBRANCHNAME");
+  t.truthy(errors[1].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[1].details);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import test from "ava";
+import expand from "../../lib/branches/expand.js";
+import { gitCheckout, gitCommits, gitPush, gitRepo } from "../helpers/git-utils.js";
+
+test("Expand branches defined with globs", async (t) => {
+  const { cwd, repositoryUrl } = await gitRepo(true);
+  await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "master", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("1.0.x", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Second"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "1.0.x", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("1.x.x", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Third"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "1.x.x", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("2.x", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Fourth"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "2.x", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("next", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Fifth"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "next", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("pre/foo", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Sixth"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "pre/foo", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("pre/bar", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Seventh"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "pre/bar", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("beta", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Eighth"], { cwd });
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, "beta", { cwd });
+
+  const branches = [
+    // Should match all maintenance type branches
+    { name: "+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x" },
+    { name: "master", channel: "latest" },
+    { name: "next" },
+    { name: "pre/{foo,bar}", channel: `\${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, '')}`, prerelease: true },
+    // Should be ignored as there is no matching branches in the repo
+    { name: "missing" },
+    // Should be ignored as the matching branch in the repo is already matched by `/^pre\\/(\\w+)$/gi`
+    { name: "*/foo", channel: "foo", prerelease: "foo" },
+    { name: "beta", channel: `channel-\${name}`, prerelease: true },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(await expand(repositoryUrl, { cwd }, branches), [
+    { name: "1.0.x" },
+    { name: "1.x.x" },
+    { name: "2.x" },
+    { name: "master", channel: "latest" },
+    { name: "next" },
+    { name: "pre/bar", channel: "bar", prerelease: true },
+    { name: "pre/foo", channel: "foo", prerelease: true },
+    { name: "beta", channel: "channel-beta", prerelease: true },
+  ]);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import test from "ava";
+import getTags from "../../lib/branches/get-tags.js";
+import { gitAddNote, gitCheckout, gitCommits, gitRepo, gitTagVersion } from "../helpers/git-utils.js";
+
+test("Get the valid tags", async (t) => {
+  const { cwd } = await gitRepo();
+  const commits = await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("foo", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v2.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(["Second"], { cwd })));
+  await gitTagVersion("v1.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(["Third"], { cwd })));
+  await gitTagVersion("v3.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(["Fourth"], { cwd })));
+  await gitTagVersion("v3.0.0-beta.1", undefined, { cwd });
+
+  const result = await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `v\${version}` } }, [{ name: "master" }]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: [
+        { gitTag: "v1.0.0", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] },
+        { gitTag: "v2.0.0", version: "2.0.0", channels: [null] },
+        { gitTag: "v3.0.0-beta.1", version: "3.0.0-beta.1", channels: [null] },
+      ],
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("Get the valid tags from multiple branches", async (t) => {
+  const { cwd } = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v1.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "1.x"] }), "v1.0.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Second"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v1.1.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "1.x"] }), "v1.1.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("1.x", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("master", false, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Third"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v2.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "next"] }), "v2.0.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("next", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Fourth"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v3.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: ["next"] }), "v3.0.0", { cwd });
+
+  const result = await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `v\${version}` } }, [
+    { name: "1.x" },
+    { name: "master" },
+    { name: "next" },
+  ]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    {
+      name: "1.x",
+      tags: [
+        { gitTag: "v1.0.0", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null, "1.x"] },
+        { gitTag: "v1.1.0", version: "1.1.0", channels: [null, "1.x"] },
+      ],
+    },
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: [...result[0].tags, { gitTag: "v2.0.0", version: "2.0.0", channels: [null, "next"] }],
+    },
+    {
+      name: "next",
+      tags: [...result[1].tags, { gitTag: "v3.0.0", version: "3.0.0", channels: ["next"] }],
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("Return branches with and empty tags array if no valid tag is found", async (t) => {
+  const { cwd } = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("foo", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Second"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v2.0.x", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Third"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v3.0", undefined, { cwd });
+
+  const result = await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `prefix@v\${version}` } }, [{ name: "master" }]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [{ name: "master", tags: [] }]);
+});
+
+test("Return branches with and empty tags array if no valid tag is found in history of configured branches", async (t) => {
+  const { cwd } = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("next", true, { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Second"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v1.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "next"] }), "v1.0.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Third"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v2.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "next"] }), "v2.0.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCommits(["Fourth"], { cwd });
+  await gitTagVersion("v3.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({ channels: [null, "next"] }), "v3.0.0", { cwd });
+  await gitCheckout("master", false, { cwd });
+
+  const result = await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `prefix@v\${version}` } }, [
+    { name: "master" },
+    { name: "next" },
+  ]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    { name: "master", tags: [] },
+    { name: "next", tags: [] },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('Get the highest valid tag corresponding to the "tagFormat"', async (t) => {
+  const { cwd } = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(["First"], { cwd });
+
+  await gitTagVersion("1.0.0", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `\${version}` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    { name: "master", tags: [{ gitTag: "1.0.0", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] }] },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion("foo-1.0.0-bar", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `foo-\${version}-bar` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    { name: "master", tags: [{ gitTag: "foo-1.0.0-bar", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] }] },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion("foo-v1.0.0-bar", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `foo-v\${version}-bar` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: [{ gitTag: "foo-v1.0.0-bar", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] }],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion("(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `(.+)/\${version}/(a-z)` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: [{ gitTag: "(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] }],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion("2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `2.0.0-\${version}-bar.1` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: [{ gitTag: "2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1", version: "1.0.0", channels: [null] }],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion("3.0.0-bar.2", undefined, { cwd });
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({ cwd, options: { tagFormat: `\${version}-bar.2` } }, [{ name: "master" }]), [
+    { name: "master", tags: [{ gitTag: "3.0.0-bar.2", version: "3.0.0", channels: [null] }] },
+  ]);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+import test from "ava";
+import * as normalize from "../../lib/branches/normalize.js";
+
+const toTags = (versions) => versions.map((version) => ({ version }));
+
+test("Maintenance branches - initial state", (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    { name: "1.x", channel: "1.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "1.1.x", tags: [] },
+    { name: "1.2.x", tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const release = [{ name: "master", tags: [] }];
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({ maintenance, release }).map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange }) => ({
+      type,
+      name,
+      range,
+      accept,
+      channel,
+      mergeRange,
+    })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.1.x",
+        range: ">=1.1.0 <1.0.0",
+        accept: [],
+        channel: "1.1.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.1.0 <1.2.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.2.x",
+        range: ">=1.2.0 <1.0.0",
+        accept: [],
+        channel: "1.2.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.2.0 <1.3.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.x",
+        range: ">=1.3.0 <1.0.0",
+        accept: [],
+        channel: "1.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.3.0 <2.0.0",
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Maintenance branches - cap range to first release present on default branch and not in any Maintenance one", (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    { name: "1.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "1.2.1", "1.3.0", "1.4.0", "1.5.0"]) },
+    { name: "name", range: "1.1.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.1.0", "1.1.1"]) },
+    { name: "1.2.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "1.2.1"]) },
+    { name: "2.x.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "1.2.1", "1.5.0"]) },
+  ];
+  const release = [
+    {
+      name: "master",
+      tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "1.2.1", "1.3.0", "1.4.0", "1.5.0", "1.6.0", "2.0.0"]),
+    },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .maintenance({ maintenance, release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange: maintenanceRange }) => ({
+        type,
+        name,
+        range,
+        accept,
+        channel,
+        mergeRange: maintenanceRange,
+      })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "name",
+        range: ">=1.1.1 <1.2.0",
+        accept: ["patch"],
+        channel: "name",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.1.0 <1.2.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.2.x",
+        range: ">=1.2.1 <1.3.0",
+        accept: ["patch"],
+        channel: "1.2.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.2.0 <1.3.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.x",
+        range: ">=1.5.0 <1.6.0",
+        accept: ["patch"],
+        channel: "1.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.3.0 <2.0.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "2.x.x",
+        range: ">=2.0.0 <1.6.0",
+        accept: [],
+        channel: "2.x.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0",
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Maintenance branches - cap range to default branch last release if all release are also present on maintenance branch", (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    { name: "1.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.2.0", "1.3.0"]) },
+    { name: "2.x.x", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.2.0", "1.3.0", "2.0.0"]) },
+  ];
+  const release = [{ name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.2.0", "1.3.0", "2.0.0"]) }];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({ maintenance, release }).map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange }) => ({
+      type,
+      name,
+      range,
+      accept,
+      channel,
+      mergeRange,
+    })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "1.x",
+        range: ">=1.3.0 <2.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor"],
+        channel: "1.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=1.0.0 <2.0.0",
+      },
+      {
+        type: "maintenance",
+        name: "2.x.x",
+        range: ">=2.0.0 <2.0.0",
+        accept: [],
+        channel: "2.x.x",
+        mergeRange: ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0",
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - initial state", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: [] },
+    { name: "next", channel: "next", tags: [] },
+    { name: "next-major", tags: [] },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "master",
+        range: ">=1.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next",
+        range: ">=1.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next",
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next-major",
+        range: ">=1.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next-major",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - 3 release branches", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.0.2"]) },
+    { name: "next", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.0.2", "1.1.0", "1.2.0"]) },
+    { name: "next-major", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.0.2", "1.1.0", "1.2.0", "2.0.0", "2.0.1", "2.1.0"]) },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      { type: "release", name: "master", range: ">=1.0.2 <1.1.0", accept: ["patch"], channel: undefined, main: true },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next",
+        range: ">=1.2.0 <2.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor"],
+        channel: "next",
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next-major",
+        range: ">=2.1.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next-major",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - 2 release branches", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0"]) },
+    { name: "next", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.0.1", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "2.0.0", "2.0.1", "2.1.0"]) },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "master",
+        range: ">=1.2.0 <2.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor"],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next",
+        range: ">=2.1.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - 1 release branches", (t) => {
+  const release = [{ name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0"]) }];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel })),
+    [{ type: "release", name: "master", range: ">=1.2.0", accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"], channel: undefined }]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - cap ranges to first release only present on following branch", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.2.0", "2.0.0"]) },
+    { name: "next", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.2.0", "2.0.0", "2.1.0"]) },
+    { name: "next-major", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.2.0", "2.0.0", "2.1.0", "2.2.0"]) },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      { type: "release", name: "master", range: ">=2.0.0 <2.1.0", accept: ["patch"], channel: undefined, main: true },
+      { type: "release", name: "next", range: ">=2.1.0 <2.2.0", accept: ["patch"], channel: "next", main: false },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next-major",
+        range: ">=2.2.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next-major",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - Handle missing previous tags in branch history", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "2.0.0"]) },
+    { name: "next", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "1.1.1", "1.2.0", "2.0.0"]) },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "master",
+        range: ">=2.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next",
+        range: ">=2.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Release branches - limit releases on 2nd and 3rd branch based on 1st branch last release", (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "2.0.0", "3.0.0"]) },
+    { name: "next", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0"]) },
+    { name: "next-major", tags: toTags(["1.0.0", "1.1.0", "2.0.0"]) },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({ release })
+      .map(({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main }) => ({ type, name, range, accept, channel, main })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "master",
+        range: ">=3.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next",
+        range: ">=3.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next",
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: "release",
+        name: "next-major",
+        range: ">=3.0.0",
+        accept: ["patch", "minor", "major"],
+        channel: "next-major",
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test("Prerelease branches", (t) => {
+  const prerelease = [
+    { name: "beta", channel: "beta", prerelease: true, tags: [] },
+    { name: "alpha", prerelease: "preview", tags: [] },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.prerelease({ prerelease }).map(({ type, name, channel }) => ({ type, name, channel })),
+    [
+      { type: "prerelease", name: "beta", channel: "beta" },
+      { type: "prerelease", name: "alpha", channel: "alpha" },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Allow to set channel to "false" to prevent default', (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [{ name: "1.x", channel: false, tags: [] }];
+  const release = [
+    { name: "master", channel: false, tags: [] },
+    { name: "next", channel: false, tags: [] },
+  ];
+  const prerelease = [{ name: "beta", channel: false, prerelease: true, tags: [] }];
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({ maintenance, release }).map(({ name, channel }) => ({ name, channel })),
+    [{ name: "1.x", channel: false }]
+  );
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.release({ release }).map(({ name, channel }) => ({ name, channel })),
+    [
+      { name: "master", channel: false },
+      { name: "next", channel: false },
+    ]
+  );
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.prerelease({ prerelease }).map(({ name, channel }) => ({ name, channel })),
+    [{ name: "beta", channel: false }]
+  );
+});
@@ -1,172 +1,232 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-import {escapeRegExp} from 'lodash';
-import proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
-import {SECRET_REPLACEMENT} from '../lib/definitions/constants';
+import test from "ava";
+import { escapeRegExp } from "lodash-es";
+import * as td from "testdouble";
+import { stub } from "sinon";
+import { SECRET_REPLACEMENT } from "../lib/definitions/constants.js";

-const requireNoCache = proxyquire.noPreserveCache();
+let previousArgv;
+let previousEnv;

-test.beforeEach(t => {
-  t.context.logs = '';
-  t.context.errors = '';
-  t.context.stdout = stub(process.stdout, 'write').callsFake(val => {
-    t.context.logs += val.toString();
+test.beforeEach((t) => {
+  t.context.logs = "";
+  t.context.errors = "";
+  t.context.stdout = stub(process.stdout, "write").callsFake((value) => {
+    t.context.logs += value.toString();
  });
-  t.context.stderr = stub(process.stderr, 'write').callsFake(val => {
-    t.context.errors += val.toString();
+  t.context.stderr = stub(process.stderr, "write").callsFake((value) => {
+    t.context.errors += value.toString();
  });
+
+  previousArgv = process.argv;
+  previousEnv = process.env;
 });

-test.afterEach.always(t => {
+test.afterEach.always((t) => {
  t.context.stdout.restore();
  t.context.stderr.restore();
+
+  process.argv = previousArgv;
+  process.env = previousEnv;
+
+  td.reset();
 });

-test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
+test.serial("Pass options to semantic-release API", async (t) => {
  const argv = [
-    '',
-    '',
-    '-b',
-    'master',
-    '-r',
-    'https://github/com/owner/repo.git',
-    '-t',
+    "",
+    "",
+    "-b",
+    "master",
+    "next",
+    "-r",
+    "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+    "-t",
    `v\${version}`,
-    '-p',
-    'plugin1',
-    'plugin2',
-    '-e',
-    'config1',
-    'config2',
-    '--verify-conditions',
-    'condition1',
-    'condition2',
-    '--analyze-commits',
-    'analyze',
-    '--verify-release',
-    'verify1',
-    'verify2',
-    '--generate-notes',
-    'notes',
-    '--prepare',
-    'prepare1',
-    'prepare2',
-    '--publish',
-    'publish1',
-    'publish2',
-    '--success',
-    'success1',
-    'success2',
-    '--fail',
-    'fail1',
-    'fail2',
-    '--debug',
-    '-d',
+    "-p",
+    "plugin1",
+    "plugin2",
+    "-e",
+    "config1",
+    "config2",
+    "--verify-conditions",
+    "condition1",
+    "condition2",
+    "--analyze-commits",
+    "analyze",
+    "--verify-release",
+    "verify1",
+    "verify2",
+    "--generate-notes",
+    "notes",
+    "--prepare",
+    "prepare1",
+    "prepare2",
+    "--publish",
+    "publish1",
+    "publish2",
+    "--success",
+    "success1",
+    "success2",
+    "--fail",
+    "fail1",
+    "fail2",
+    "--debug",
+    "-d",
  ];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.is(run.args[0][0].branch, 'master');
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].repositoryUrl, 'https://github/com/owner/repo.git');
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].plugins, ['plugin1', 'plugin2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].extends, ['config1', 'config2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].verifyConditions, ['condition1', 'condition2']);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].analyzeCommits, 'analyze');
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].verifyRelease, ['verify1', 'verify2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].generateNotes, ['notes']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].prepare, ['prepare1', 'prepare2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].publish, ['publish1', 'publish2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].success, ['success1', 'success2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].fail, ['fail1', 'fail2']);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].debug, true);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].dryRun, true);
+  td.verify(
+    index.default({
+      branches: ["master", "next"],
+      b: ["master", "next"],
+      "repository-url": "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      repositoryUrl: "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      r: "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      "tag-format": `v\${version}`,
+      tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+      t: `v\${version}`,
+      plugins: ["plugin1", "plugin2"],
+      p: ["plugin1", "plugin2"],
+      extends: ["config1", "config2"],
+      e: ["config1", "config2"],
+      "dry-run": true,
+      dryRun: true,
+      d: true,
+      verifyConditions: ["condition1", "condition2"],
+      "verify-conditions": ["condition1", "condition2"],
+      analyzeCommits: "analyze",
+      "analyze-commits": "analyze",
+      verifyRelease: ["verify1", "verify2"],
+      "verify-release": ["verify1", "verify2"],
+      generateNotes: ["notes"],
+      "generate-notes": ["notes"],
+      prepare: ["prepare1", "prepare2"],
+      publish: ["publish1", "publish2"],
+      success: ["success1", "success2"],
+      fail: ["fail1", "fail2"],
+      debug: true,
+      _: [],
+      $0: "",
+    })
+  );

  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API with alias arguments', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
+test.serial("Pass options to semantic-release API with alias arguments", async (t) => {
  const argv = [
-    '',
-    '',
-    '--branch',
-    'master',
-    '--repository-url',
-    'https://github/com/owner/repo.git',
-    '--tag-format',
+    "",
+    "",
+    "--branches",
+    "master",
+    "--repository-url",
+    "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+    "--tag-format",
    `v\${version}`,
-    '--plugins',
-    'plugin1',
-    'plugin2',
-    '--extends',
-    'config1',
-    'config2',
-    '--dry-run',
+    "--plugins",
+    "plugin1",
+    "plugin2",
+    "--extends",
+    "config1",
+    "config2",
+    "--dry-run",
  ];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.is(run.args[0][0].branch, 'master');
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].repositoryUrl, 'https://github/com/owner/repo.git');
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].plugins, ['plugin1', 'plugin2']);
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].extends, ['config1', 'config2']);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].dryRun, true);
+  td.verify(
+    index.default({
+      branches: ["master"],
+      b: ["master"],
+      "repository-url": "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      repositoryUrl: "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      r: "https://github/com/owner/repo.git",
+      "tag-format": `v\${version}`,
+      tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+      t: `v\${version}`,
+      plugins: ["plugin1", "plugin2"],
+      p: ["plugin1", "plugin2"],
+      extends: ["config1", "config2"],
+      e: ["config1", "config2"],
+      "dry-run": true,
+      dryRun: true,
+      d: true,
+      _: [],
+      $0: "",
+    })
+  );

  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass unknown options to semantic-release API', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', '--bool', '--first-option', 'value1', '--second-option', 'value2', '--second-option', 'value3'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+test.serial("Pass unknown options to semantic-release API", async (t) => {
+  const argv = ["", "", "--bool", "--first-option", "value1", "--second-option", "value2", "--second-option", "value3"];
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.is(run.args[0][0].bool, true);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].firstOption, 'value1');
-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].secondOption, ['value2', 'value3']);
+  td.verify(
+    index.default({
+      bool: true,
+      firstOption: "value1",
+      "first-option": "value1",
+      secondOption: ["value2", "value3"],
+      "second-option": ["value2", "value3"],
+      _: [],
+      $0: "",
+    })
+  );

  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass empty Array to semantic-release API for list option set to "false"', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', '--publish', 'false'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+test.serial('Pass empty Array to semantic-release API for list option set to "false"', async (t) => {
+  const argv = ["", "", "--publish", "false"];
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].publish, []);
+  td.verify(index.default({ publish: [], _: [], $0: "" }));

  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Do not set properties in option for which arg is not in command line', async t => {
+test.serial("Do not set properties in option for which arg is not in command line", async (t) => {
  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', '-b', 'master'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const argv = ["", "", "-b", "master"];
+  await td.replaceEsm("../index.js", null, run);
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  await cli();

-  t.false('ci' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('d' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('dry-run' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('debug' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('r' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('t' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('p' in run.args[0][0]);
-  t.false('e' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("ci" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("d" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("dry-run" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("debug" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("r" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("t" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("p" in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false("e" in run.args[0][0]);
 });

-test.serial('Display help', async t => {
+test.serial("Display help", async (t) => {
  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', '--help'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const argv = ["", "", "--help"];
+  await td.replaceEsm("../index.js", null, run);
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

@@ -174,10 +234,12 @@ test.serial('Display help', async t => {
  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Return error code and prints help if called with a command', async t => {
+test.serial("Return error exitCode and prints help if called with a command", async (t) => {
  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', 'pre'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const argv = ["", "", "pre"];
+  await td.replaceEsm("../index.js", null, run);
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

@@ -186,10 +248,12 @@ test.serial('Return error code and prints help if called with a command', async
  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });

-test.serial('Return error code if multiple plugin are set for single plugin', async t => {
+test.serial("Return error exitCode if multiple plugin are set for single plugin", async (t) => {
  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const argv = ['', '', '--analyze-commits', 'analyze1', 'analyze2'];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+  const argv = ["", "", "--analyze-commits", "analyze1", "analyze2"];
+  await td.replaceEsm("../index.js", null, run);
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

@@ -198,10 +262,12 @@ test.serial('Return error code if multiple plugin are set for single plugin', as
  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });

-test.serial('Return error code if semantic-release throw error', async t => {
-  const run = stub().rejects(new Error('semantic-release error'));
-  const argv = ['', ''];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});
+test.serial("Return error exitCode if semantic-release throw error", async (t) => {
+  const argv = ["", ""];
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  td.when(index.default({ _: [], $0: "" })).thenReject(new Error("semantic-release error"));
+  process.argv = argv;
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

@@ -209,11 +275,14 @@ test.serial('Return error code if semantic-release throw error', async t => {
  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });

-test.serial('Hide sensitive environment variable values from the logs', async t => {
-  const env = {MY_TOKEN: 'secret token'};
-  const run = stub().rejects(new Error(`Throw error: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`));
-  const argv = ['', ''];
-  const cli = requireNoCache('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv, env: {...process.env, ...env}}});
+test.serial("Hide sensitive environment variable values from the logs", async (t) => {
+  const env = { MY_TOKEN: "secret token" };
+  const argv = ["", ""];
+  const index = await td.replaceEsm("../index.js");
+  td.when(index.default({ _: [], $0: "" })).thenReject(new Error(`Throw error: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`));
+  process.argv = argv;
+  process.env = { ...process.env, ...env };
+  const cli = (await import("../cli.js")).default;

  const exitCode = await cli();

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import test from "ava";
+import { maintenance, prerelease, release } from "../../lib/definitions/branches.js";
+
+test('A "maintenance" branch is identified by having a "range" property or a "name" formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  /* eslint-disable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "1.x.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "1.0.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "1.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: "1.x.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: "1.1.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: "" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: true }));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: null }));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name", range: false }));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({ name: "some-name" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({ name: "1.0.0" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({ name: "x.x.x" }));
+  /* eslint-enable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+});
+
+test('A "maintenance" branches must have a "range" property formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  t.true(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "1.x.x" }));
+  t.true(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "1.1.x" }));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "^1.0.0" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: ">=1.0.0 <2.0.0" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "1.0.0" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "wrong-range" }));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: true }));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", range: "" }));
+});
+
+test('The "maintenance" branches must have unique ranges', (t) => {
+  t.true(maintenance.branchesValidator([{ range: "1.x.x" }, { range: "1.0.x" }]));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.branchesValidator([{ range: "1.x.x" }, { range: "1.x.x" }]));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchesValidator([{ range: "1.x.x" }, { range: "1.x" }]));
+});
+
+test('A "prerelease" branch is identified by having a thruthy "prerelease" property', (t) => {
+  /* eslint-disable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: true }));
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "beta" }));
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "" }));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: null }));
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: false }));
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({ name: "some-name" }));
+  /* eslint-enable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+});
+
+test('A "prerelease" branch must have a valid prerelease detonation in "prerelease" property or in "name" if "prerelease" is "true"', (t) => {
+  t.true(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "beta", prerelease: true }));
+  t.true(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "beta" }));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "" }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: null }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: false }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "000" }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "#beta" }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "000", prerelease: true }));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({ name: "#beta", prerelease: true }));
+});
+
+test('The "prerelease" branches must have unique "prerelease" property', (t) => {
+  t.true(prerelease.branchesValidator([{ prerelease: "beta" }, { prerelease: "alpha" }]));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.branchesValidator([{ range: "beta" }, { range: "beta" }, { range: "alpha" }]));
+});
+
+test('A "release" branch is identified by not havin a "range" or "prerelease" property or a "name" formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  /* eslint-disable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+  t.true(release.filter({ name: "some-name" }));
+
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "1.x.x" }));
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "1.0.x" }));
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "some-name", range: "1.x.x" }));
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "some-name", range: "1.1.x" }));
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: true }));
+  t.false(release.filter({ name: "some-name", prerelease: "beta" }));
+  /* eslint-enable unicorn/no-fn-reference-in-iterator */
+});
+
+test("There must be between 1 and 3 release branches", (t) => {
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{ name: "branch1" }]));
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{ name: "branch1" }, { name: "branch2" }]));
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{ name: "branch1" }, { name: "branch2" }, { name: "branch3" }]));
+
+  t.false(release.branchesValidator([]));
+  t.false(
+    release.branchesValidator([{ name: "branch1" }, { name: "branch2" }, { name: "branch3" }, { name: "branch4" }])
+  );
+});
@@ -1,64 +1,74 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-import plugins from '../../lib/definitions/plugins';
-import {RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR, SECRET_REPLACEMENT} from '../../lib/definitions/constants';
+import test from "ava";
+import plugins from "../../lib/definitions/plugins.js";
+import { RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR, SECRET_REPLACEMENT } from "../../lib/definitions/constants.js";

-test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin output must be either undefined or a valid semver release type', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator('invalid'));
+test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin output must be either undefined or a valid semver release type', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator("invalid"));
  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator(1));
  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator({}));

  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator());
  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator('major'));
+  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator("major"));
 });

-test('The "generateNotes" plugin output, if defined, must be a string', t => {
+test('The "generateNotes" plugin output, if defined, must be a string', (t) => {
  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(1));
  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator({}));

  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator());
  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(''));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator('string'));
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(""));
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator("string"));
 });

-test('The "publish" plugin output, if defined, must be an object or "false"', t => {
+test('The "publish" plugin output, if defined, must be an object or "false"', (t) => {
  t.false(plugins.publish.outputValidator(1));
-  t.false(plugins.publish.outputValidator('string'));
+  t.false(plugins.publish.outputValidator("string"));

  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator({}));
  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator());
  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(''));
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(""));
  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(false));
 });

-test('The "generateNotes" plugins output are concatenated with separator and sensitive data is hidden', t => {
-  const env = {MY_TOKEN: 'secret token'};
-  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', 'note 2'], {env}), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
-  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['', 'note'], {env}), 'note');
-  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess([undefined, 'note'], {env}), 'note');
-  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', '', 'note 2'], {env}), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
+test('The "addChannel" plugin output, if defined, must be an object', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(1));
+  t.false(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator("string"));
+
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator({}));
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator());
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(null));
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(""));
+});
+
+test('The "generateNotes" plugins output are concatenated with separator and sensitive data is hidden', (t) => {
+  const env = { MY_TOKEN: "secret token" };
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(["note 1", "note 2"], { env }), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(["", "note"], { env }), "note");
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess([undefined, "note"], { env }), "note");
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(["note 1", "", "note 2"], { env }), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
  t.is(
-    plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', undefined, 'note 2'], {env}),
+    plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(["note 1", undefined, "note 2"], { env }),
    `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`
  );

  t.is(
    plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(
      [`Note 1: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`, `Note 2: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}`],
-      {env}
+      { env }
    ),
    `Note 1: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}Note 2: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}`
  );
 });

-test('The "analyzeCommits" plugins output are reduced to the highest release type', t => {
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['major', 'minor']), 'major');
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['', 'minor']), 'minor');
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([undefined, 'patch']), 'patch');
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([null, 'patch']), 'patch');
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['wrong_type', 'minor']), 'minor');
+test('The "analyzeCommits" plugins output are reduced to the highest release type', (t) => {
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(["major", "minor"]), "major");
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(["", "minor"]), "minor");
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([undefined, "patch"]), "patch");
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([null, "patch"]), "patch");
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(["wrong_type", "minor"]), "minor");
  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([]), undefined);
-  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['wrong_type']), undefined);
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(["wrong_type"]), undefined);
 });
@@ -1 +1 @@
-module.exports = () => {};
+export default () => {};
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const SemanticReleaseError = require('@semantic-release/error');
+import SemanticReleaseError from "@semantic-release/error";

 class InheritedError extends SemanticReleaseError {
  constructor(message, code) {
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ class InheritedError extends SemanticReleaseError {
  }
 }

-module.exports = () => {
-  throw new InheritedError('Inherited error', 'EINHERITED');
+export default () => {
+  throw new InheritedError("Inherited error", "EINHERITED");
 };
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-module.exports = () => {
-  const error = new Error('a');
-  error.errorProperty = 'errorProperty';
+export default () => {
+  const error = new Error("a");
+  error.errorProperty = "errorProperty";
  throw error;
 };
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
+import AggregateError from "aggregate-error";

-module.exports = () => {
-  throw new AggregateError([new Error('a'), new Error('b')]);
+export default () => {
+  throw new AggregateError([new Error("a"), new Error("b")]);
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export async function verifyConditions(pluginConfig, context) {
+  context.logger.log("verifyConditions called");
+}
@@ -1 +1 @@
-module.exports = (pluginConfig, context) => context;
+export default (pluginConfig, context) => context;
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module.exports = (pluginConfig, {env, logger}) => {
+export default (pluginConfig, { env, logger }) => {
  console.log(`Console: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
  logger.log(`Log: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
  logger.error(`Error: Console token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More