wip esm adapt lodash

WIP esm - adapt sinon
WIP convert CJS to ESM using https://github.com/homer0/cjs2esm
2021-07-30 13:57:35 -07:00 · 2021-07-30 13:57:35 -07:00 · 2021-07-30 13:57:35 -07:00 · 2021-07-30 15:47:49 -05:00 · 2021-07-30 15:18:22 -05:00 · 2021-07-19 13:17:04 -07:00
118 changed files with 27308 additions and 3553 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* text=auto eol=lf
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-base: app0ZOxG0FnHmOiuU
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Release
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - next
+      - beta
+      - "*.x" # maintenance releases branches
+
+jobs:
+  release:
+    name: release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        with:
+          cache: npm
+      - run: npm ci
+      - run: npx semantic-release
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SEMANTIC_RELEASE_BOT_NPM_TOKEN }}
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+name: Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      # renovate/** branches are generated by https://github.com/apps/renovate
+      - renovate/**
+
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - synchronize
+
+jobs:
+  test_matrix:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        node-version:
+          - 14.17
+          - 16
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - run: git config --global user.name github-actions
+      - run: git config --global user.email github-actions@github.com
+      - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
+          cache: npm
+      - name: Ensure dependencies are compatible with the version of node
+        run: echo 'engine-strict=true' >> .npmrc
+      - run: npm ci
+      - run: npm run test:ci
+
+  # separate job to set as required in branch protection,
+  # as the build names above change each time Node versions change
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test_matrix
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        with:
+          cache: npm
+      - run: npm ci
+      - run: npm run lint
@@ -125,9 +125,8 @@ $RECYCLE.BIN/
 # Windows shortcuts
 *.lnk

-# Lockfiles
-package-lock.json
-yarn.lock
-
 # Gitbook
 _book
+
+# Mockserver
+CertificateAuthorityCertificate.pem
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-package-lock=false
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-language: node_js
-
-services:
-  - docker
-
-node_js:
-  - 10
-  - 8
-
-# Trigger a push build on caribou and greenkeeper branches + PRs build on every branches
-# Avoid double build on PRs (See https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1147)
-branches:
-  only:
-    - caribou
-    - /^greenkeeper.*$/
-
-# Retry install on fail to avoid failing a build on network/disk/external errors
-install:
-  - travis_retry npm install
-
-script:
-  - npm run test
-
-after_success:
-  - npm run codecov
-
-jobs:
-  include:
-    - stage: release
-      node_js: lts/*
-      script:
-        - npm run semantic-release
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--install.no-lockfile true
@@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ To ensure consistency and quality, all documentation modifications must:
  - a third-party product/brand/service, i.e. Integrate with [GitHub](https://github.com)
  - an external concept or feature, i.e. Create a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases)
  - a package or module, i.e. The [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) module
- Use the the [single backtick `code` quoting](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#quoting-code) for:
+- Use the [single backtick `code` quoting](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#quoting-code) for:
  - commands inside sentences, i.e. the `semantic-release` command
  - programming language keywords, i.e. `function`, `async`, `String`
  - packages or modules, i.e. The [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) module
- Use the the [triple backtick `code` formatting](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-and-highlighting-code-blocks) for:
+- Use the [triple backtick `code` formatting](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-and-highlighting-code-blocks) for:
  - code examples
  - configuration examples
  - sequence of command lines
@@ -183,17 +183,17 @@ The footer should contain any information about **Breaking Changes** and is also
 #### Examples

 ```commit
-`fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied`
+fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied
 ```

 ```commit
-`feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option`
+feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option

 Fix #42
 ```

 ```commit
-perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option`
+perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option

 BREAKING CHANGE: The graphiteWidth option has been removed.

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ All the [semantic-release](https://github.com/semantic-release) repositories use
 Before pushing your code changes make sure there are no linting errors with `npm run lint`.

 **Tips**:
- Most linting errors can be automatically fixed with `npm run lint --fix`.
+- Most linting errors can be automatically fixed with `npm run lint -- --fix`.
 - Install the [XO plugin](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo#editor-plugins) for your editor to see linting errors directly in your editor and automatically fix them on save.

 ### Tests
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 <h1 align="center" style="border-bottom: none;">📦🚀 semantic-release</h1>
 <h3 align="center">Fully automated version management and package publishing</h3>
 <p align="center">
-  <a href="https://gitter.im/semantic-release/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Gitter" src="https://badges.gitter.im/semantic-release/semantic-release.svg">
+  <a href="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/discussions">
+    <img alt="Join the community on GitHub Discussions" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Join%20the%20community-on%20GitHub%20Discussions-blue">
  </a>
-  <a href="https://travis-ci.org/semantic-release/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Travis" src="https://img.shields.io/travis/semantic-release/semantic-release/caribou.svg">
-  </a>
-  <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/semantic-release/semantic-release">
-    <img alt="Codecov" src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/semantic-release/semantic-release/caribou.svg">
-  </a>
-  <a href="https://greenkeeper.io">
-    <img alt="Greenkeeper" src="https://badges.greenkeeper.io/semantic-release/semantic-release.svg">
+  <a href="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/actions?query=workflow%3ATest+branch%3Amaster">
+    <img alt="Build states" src="https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/workflows/Test/badge.svg">
  </a>
  <a href="#badge">
    <img alt="semantic-release" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/%20%20%F0%9F%93%A6%F0%9F%9A%80-semantic--release-e10079.svg">
@@ -24,6 +18,9 @@
  <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/semantic-release">
    <img alt="npm next version" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/semantic-release/next.svg">
  </a>
+  <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/semantic-release">
+    <img alt="npm beta version" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/semantic-release/beta.svg">
+  </a>
 </p>

 **semantic-release** automates the whole package release workflow including: determining the next version number, generating the release notes and publishing the package.
@@ -39,6 +36,7 @@ This removes the immediate connection between human emotions and version numbers
 - New features and fixes are immediately available to users
 - Notify maintainers and users of new releases
 - Use formalized commit message convention to document changes in the codebase
+- Publish on different distribution channels (such as [npm dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)) based on git merges
 - Integrate with your [continuous integration workflow](docs/recipes/README.md#ci-configurations)
 - Avoid potential errors associated with manual releases
 - Support any [package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md#package-managers-and-languages) via [plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
@@ -50,14 +48,14 @@ This removes the immediate connection between human emotions and version numbers

 **semantic-release** uses the commit messages to determine the type of changes in the codebase. Following formalized conventions for commit messages, **semantic-release** automatically determines the next [semantic version](https://semver.org) number, generates a changelog and publishes the release.

-By default **semantic-release** uses [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines). The commit message format can be changed with the [`preset` or `config` options](docs/usage/configuration.md#options) of the [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer#options) and [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator#options) plugins.
+By default **semantic-release** uses [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#-commit-message-format). The commit message format can be changed with the [`preset` or `config` options](docs/usage/configuration.md#options) of the [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer#options) and [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator#options) plugins.

-Tools such as [commitizen](https://github.com/commitizen/cz-cli), [commitlint](https://github.com/marionebl/commitlint) or [semantic-git-commit-cli](https://github.com/JPeer264/node-semantic-git-commit-cli) can be used to help contributors and enforce valid commit messages.
+Tools such as [commitizen](https://github.com/commitizen/cz-cli) or [commitlint](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/commitlint) can be used to help contributors and enforce valid commit messages.

-Here is an example of the release type that will be done based on a commit messages:
+The table below shows which commit message gets you which release type when `semantic-release` runs (using the default configuration):

 | Commit message                                                                                                                                                                                   | Release type               |
-|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------- |
 | `fix(pencil): stop graphite breaking when too much pressure applied`                                                                                                                             | Patch Release              |
 | `feat(pencil): add 'graphiteWidth' option`                                                                                                                                                       | ~~Minor~~ Feature Release  |
 | `perf(pencil): remove graphiteWidth option`<br><br>`BREAKING CHANGE: The graphiteWidth option has been removed.`<br>`The default graphite width of 10mm is always used for performance reasons.` | ~~Major~~ Breaking Release |
@@ -68,50 +66,63 @@ Here is an example of the release type that will be done based on a commit messa

 ### Triggering a release

-For each new commits added to the release branch (i.e. `master`) with `git push` or by merging a pull request or merging from another branch, a CI build is triggered and runs the `semantic-release` command to make a release if there are codebase changes since the last release that affect the package functionalities.
+For each new commits added to one of the release branches (for example `master`, `next`, `beta`), with `git push` or by merging a pull request or merging from another branch, a CI build is triggered and runs the `semantic-release` command to make a release if there are codebase changes since the last release that affect the package functionalities.

-If you need more control over the timing of releases you have a couple of options:
- Publish releases on a distribution channel (for example npm’s [dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)). This way you can keep control over what your users end up using by default, and you can decide when to make an automatically released version available to the stable channel, and promote it.
- Develop on a `dev` branch and merge it to the release branch (i.e. `master`) once you are ready to publish. **semantic-release** will run only on pushes to the release branch.
+**semantic-release** offers various ways to control the timing, the content and the audience of published releases. See example workflows in the following recipes:
+
+- [Using distribution channels](docs/recipes/distribution-channels.md#publishing-on-distribution-channels)
+- [Maintenance releases](docs/recipes/maintenance-releases.md#publishing-maintenance-releases)
+- [Pre-releases](docs/recipes/pre-releases.md#publishing-pre-releases)

 ### Release steps

-After running the tests the command `semantic-release` will execute the following steps:
+After running the tests, the command `semantic-release` will execute the following steps:

-| Step              | Description                                                                                                                                                           |
-|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| Verify Conditions | Verify all the conditions to proceed with the release with the [verify conditions plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md#verifyconditions-plugin).                            |
-| Get last release  | Obtain the commit corresponding to the last release by analyzing [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging).                                       |
-| Analyze commits   | Determine the type of release with the [analyze commits plugin](docs/usage/plugins.md#analyzecommits-plugin) based on the commits added since the last release.       |
-| Verify release    | Verify the release conformity with the [verify release plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md#verifyrelease-plugin).                                                          |
-| Generate notes    | Generate release notes with the [generate notes plugin](docs/usage/plugins.md#generatenotes-plugin) for the commits added since the last release.                     |
-| Create Git tag    | Create a Git tag corresponding to the new release version                                                                                                             |
-| Prepare           | Prepare the release with the [prepare plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md#prepare-plugin).                                                                                 |
-| Publish           | Publish the release with the [publish plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md#publish-plugin).                                                                                 |
-| Notify            | Notify of new releases or errors with the [success](docs/usage/plugins.md#success-plugin) and [fail](docs/usage/plugins.md#fail-plugin) plugins.                      |
+| Step              | Description                                                                                                                     |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Verify Conditions | Verify all the conditions to proceed with the release.                                                                          |
+| Get last release  | Obtain the commit corresponding to the last release by analyzing [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). |
+| Analyze commits   | Determine the type of release based on the commits added since the last release.                                                |
+| Verify release    | Verify the release conformity.                                                                                                  |
+| Generate notes    | Generate release notes for the commits added since the last release.                                                            |
+| Create Git tag    | Create a Git tag corresponding to the new release version.                                                                      |
+| Prepare           | Prepare the release.                                                                                                            |
+| Publish           | Publish the release.                                                                                                            |
+| Notify            | Notify of new releases or errors.                                                                                               |
+
+## Requirements
+
+In order to use **semantic-release** you need:
+
+- To host your code in a [Git repository](https://git-scm.com)
+- Use a Continuous Integration service that allows you to [securely set up credentials](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication)
+- Git CLI version [2.7.1 or higher](docs/support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-git-version--271) installed in your Continuous Integration environment
+- [Node.js](https://nodejs.org) version [14.17 or higher](docs/support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--1417) installed in your Continuous Integration environment

 ## Documentation

 - Usage
+  - [Getting started](docs/usage/getting-started.md#getting-started)
  - [Installation](docs/usage/installation.md#installation)
  - [CI Configuration](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
  - [Configuration](docs/usage/configuration.md#configuration)
  - [Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
+  - [Workflow configuration](docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md)
  - [Shareable configurations](docs/usage/shareable-configurations.md)
 - Extending
  - [Plugins](docs/extending/plugins-list.md)
  - [Shareable configuration](docs/extending/shareable-configurations-list.md)
 - Recipes
  - [CI configurations](docs/recipes/README.md)
+  - [Git hosted services](docs/recipes/README.md)
+  - [Release workflow](docs/recipes/README.md)
  - [Package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md)
 - Developer guide
-  - [Plugins](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
-  - [Shareable configuration](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
- Resources
-  - [Videos](docs/resources.md#videos)
-  - [Articles](docs/resources.md#articles)
-  - [Tutorials](docs/resources.md#tutorials)
+  - [JavaScript API](docs/developer-guide/js-api.md)
+  - [Plugins development](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
+  - [Shareable configuration development](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
 - Support
+  - [Resources](docs/support/resources.md)
  - [Frequently Asked Questions](docs/support/FAQ.md)
  - [Troubleshooting](docs/support/troubleshooting.md)
  - [Node version requirement](docs/support/node-version.md)
@@ -120,7 +131,7 @@ After running the tests the command `semantic-release` will execute the followin
 ## Get help

 - [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/semantic-release)
- [Gitter chat](https://gitter.im/semantic-release/semantic-release)
+- [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/discussions)
 - [Twitter](https://twitter.com/SemanticRelease)

 ## Badge
@@ -135,9 +146,15 @@ Let people know that your package is published using **semantic-release** by inc

 ## Team

-| [![Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann.png?size=100)](https://github.com/boennemann) | [![Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/relekang) | [![Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jo) | [![Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m.png?size=100)](https://github.com/gr2m) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/finnp.png?size=100)](https://github.com/finnp) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg.png?size=100)](https://github.com/pvdlg) | [![Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko.png?size=100)](https://github.com/christophwitzko) |
-|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| [Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann)                                                | [Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang)                                              | [Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo)                                        | [Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m)                                          | [Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp)                                                     | [Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg)                                           | [Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko)                                                     |
+| [![Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m.png?size=100)](https://github.com/gr2m) | [![Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg.png?size=100)](https://github.com/pvdlg) | [![Matt Travi](https://github.com/travi.png?size=100)](https://github.com/travi) |
+| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [Gregor Martynus](https://github.com/gr2m)                                          | [Pierre Vanduynslager](https://github.com/pvdlg)                                           | [Matt Travi](https://github.com/travi)                                           |
+
+## Alumni
+
+| [![Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann.png?size=100)](https://github.com/boennemann) | [![Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/relekang) | [![Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jo) | [![Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp.png?size=100)](https://github.com/finnp) | [![Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko.png?size=100)](https://github.com/christophwitzko) |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [Stephan Bönnemann](https://github.com/boennemann)                                                | [Rolf Erik Lekang](https://github.com/relekang)                                              | [Johannes Jörg Schmidt](https://github.com/jo)                                        | [Finn Pauls](https://github.com/finnp)                                           | [Christoph Witzko](https://github.com/christophwitzko)                                                     |

 <p align="center">
  <img alt="Kill all humans" src="media/bender.png">
@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 # Summary

-## About
- [Highlights](README.md#highlights)
- [How does it work?](README.md#how-does-it-work)
-
 ## Usage
+- [Getting started](docs/usage/getting-started.md#getting-started)
 - [Installation](docs/usage/installation.md#installation)
 - [CI Configuration](docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
 - [Configuration](docs/usage/configuration.md#configuration)
 - [Plugins](docs/usage/plugins.md)
+- [Workflow configuration](docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md)
 - [Shareable configurations](docs/usage/shareable-configurations.md)

 ## Extending
@@ -16,23 +14,21 @@
 - [Shareable configuration](docs/extending/shareable-configurations-list.md)

 ## Recipes
- [CI configurations](docs/recipes/README.md)
-	- [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](docs/recipes/circleci-workflows.md)
+- [CI configurations](docs/recipes/README.md#ci-configurations)
+	- [CircleCI 2.0](docs/recipes/circleci-workflows.md)
 	- [Travis CI](docs/recipes/travis.md)
-	- [Travis CI with build stages](docs/recipes/travis-build-stages.md)
 	- [GitLab CI](docs/recipes/gitlab-ci.md)
- [Package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md)
+- [Git hosted services](docs/recipes/README.md#git-hosted-services)
+	- [Git authentication with SSH keys](docs/recipes/git-auth-ssh-keys.md)
+- [Package managers and languages](docs/recipes/README.md#package-managers-and-languages)

 ## Developer guide
- [Plugin](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
- [Shareable configuration](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)
-
-## Resources
- [Videos](docs/resources.md#videos)
- [Articles](docs/resources.md#articles)
- [Tutorials](docs/resources.md#tutorials)
+- [JavaScript API](docs/developer-guide/js-api.md)
+- [Plugin development](docs/developer-guide/plugin.md)
+- [Shareable configuration development](docs/developer-guide/shareable-configuration.md)

 ## Support
+- [Resources](docs/support/resources.md)
 - [Frequently Asked Questions](docs/support/FAQ.md)
 - [Troubleshooting](docs/support/troubleshooting.md)
 - [Node version requirement](docs/support/node-version.md)
@@ -1,23 +1,41 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env node
+#!/usr/bin/env node// Bad news: We have to write plain ES5 in this file
+import semver from 'semver';

-// Bad news: We have to write plain ES5 in this file
-// Good news: It's the only file of the entire project
+import execa from 'execa';
+import findVersions from 'find-versions';
+import pkg from '../package.json';

-/* eslint-disable no-var */
-
-var semver = require('semver');
-var pkg = require('../package.json');
+const MIN_GIT_VERSION = '2.7.1';

 if (!semver.satisfies(process.version, pkg.engines.node)) {
  console.error(
    `[semantic-release]: node version ${pkg.engines.node} is required. Found ${process.version}.

-See https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/blob/caribou/docs/support/node-version.md for more details and solutions.`
+See https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/blob/master/docs/support/node-version.md for more details and solutions.`
  );
  process.exit(1);
 }

-// Node 8+ from this point on
-require('../cli')().catch(() => {
-  process.exitCode = 1;
-});
+execa('git', ['--version'])
+  .then(({stdout}) => {
+    const gitVersion = findVersions(stdout)[0];
+    if (semver.lt(gitVersion, MIN_GIT_VERSION)) {
+      console.error(`[semantic-release]: Git version ${MIN_GIT_VERSION} is required. Found ${gitVersion}.`);
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+  })
+  .catch((error) => {
+    console.error(`[semantic-release]: Git version ${MIN_GIT_VERSION} is required. No git binary found.`);
+    console.error(error);
+    process.exit(1);
+  });
+
+// Node 10+ from this point on
+require('../cli')()
+  .then((exitCode) => {
+    process.exitCode = exitCode;
+  })
+  .catch((error) => {
+    console.error(error);
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+  });
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "plugins" : ["github", "anchors"],
-    "pluginsConfig": {
-      "github": {
-          "url": "https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release"
-      }
-    }
-}
@@ -1,66 +1,67 @@
-const {pickBy, isUndefined} = require('lodash');
+import util from 'util';
+import hideSensitive from './lib/hide-sensitive';
+import yargs from 'yargs';
+import debug from 'debug';
+
+import run from '.';

 const stringList = {
  type: 'string',
  array: true,
-  coerce: values =>
+  coerce: (values) =>
    values.length === 1 && values[0].trim() === 'false'
      ? []
-      : values.reduce((values, value) => values.concat(value.split(',').map(value => value.trim())), []),
+      : values.reduce((values, value) => values.concat(value.split(',').map((value) => value.trim())), []),
 };

-module.exports = async () => {
-  const cli = require('yargs')
-    .command('$0', 'Run automated package publishing', yargs => {
+export default async () => {
+  const cli = yargs
+    .command('$0', 'Run automated package publishing', (yargs) => {
      yargs.demandCommand(0, 0).usage(`Run automated package publishing
+
 Usage:
  semantic-release [options] [plugins]`);
    })
-    .option('b', {alias: 'branch', describe: 'Git branch to release from', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('b', {alias: 'branches', describe: 'Git branches to release from', ...stringList, group: 'Options'})
    .option('r', {alias: 'repository-url', describe: 'Git repository URL', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
    .option('t', {alias: 'tag-format', describe: 'Git tag format', type: 'string', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('p', {alias: 'plugins', describe: 'Plugins', ...stringList, group: 'Options'})
    .option('e', {alias: 'extends', describe: 'Shareable configurations', ...stringList, group: 'Options'})
-    .option('ci', {describe: 'Toggle CI verifications', default: undefined, type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('ci', {describe: 'Toggle CI verifications', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
    .option('verify-conditions', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('analyze-commits', {type: 'string', group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('verify-release', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('generate-notes', {type: 'string', group: 'Plugins'})
+    .option('generate-notes', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('prepare', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('publish', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('success', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
    .option('fail', {...stringList, group: 'Plugins'})
-    .option('debug', {describe: 'Output debugging information', default: undefined, type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('d', {alias: 'dry-run', describe: 'Skip publishing', default: undefined, type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
-    .option('h', {alias: 'help', default: undefined, group: 'Options'})
-    .option('v', {alias: 'version', default: undefined, group: 'Options'})
+    .option('debug', {describe: 'Output debugging information', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('d', {alias: 'dry-run', describe: 'Skip publishing', type: 'boolean', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('h', {alias: 'help', group: 'Options'})
+    .option('v', {alias: 'version', group: 'Options'})
    .strict(false)
    .exitProcess(false);

  try {
-    // Remove option with undefined values, as yargs sets non defined options as `undefined`
-    const {help, version, ...opts} = pickBy(cli.argv, value => !isUndefined(value));
+    const {help, version, ...options} = cli.parse(process.argv.slice(2));

    if (Boolean(help) || Boolean(version)) {
-      process.exitCode = 0;
-      return;
+      return 0;
    }

-    // Set the `noCi` options as yargs sets the `ci` options instead (because arg starts with `--no`)
-    if (opts.ci === false) {
-      opts.noCi = true;
-    }
-
-    if (opts.debug) {
+    if (options.debug) {
      // Debug must be enabled before other requires in order to work
-      require('debug').enable('semantic-release:*');
+      debug.enable('semantic-release:*');
    }

-    await require('.')(opts);
-    process.exitCode = 0;
-  } catch (err) {
-    if (err.name !== 'YError') {
-      console.error(err);
+    await run(options);
+    return 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error.name !== 'YError') {
+      process.stderr.write(hideSensitive(process.env)(util.inspect(error, {colors: true})));
    }
-    process.exitCode = 1;
+
+    return 1;
  }
 };
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-codecov:
-  branch: caribou
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 # semantic-release documentation

 - [Usage](usage/README.md) - **semantic-release** installation and configuration
- [Extending](extending/README.md)- Extending **semantic-release** with plugins and shareable configurations
+- [Extending](extending/README.md) - Extending **semantic-release** with plugins and shareable configurations
 - [Recipes](recipes/README.md) - Community written recipes for common **semantic-release** use-cases
 - [Developer Guide](developer-guide/README.md) - The essentials of writing a **semantic-release** plugin or shareable configurations
- [Resources](resources.md) - Videos, articles and tutorials
 - [Support](support/README.md) - FAQ and troubleshooting
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # Developer guide

+- [JavaScript API](js-api.md)
 - [Plugins](plugin.md)
 - [Shareable configuration](shareable-configuration.md)
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+# JavaScript API
+
+## Usage
+
+```js
+const semanticRelease = require('semantic-release');
+const {WritableStreamBuffer} = require('stream-buffers');
+
+const stdoutBuffer = WritableStreamBuffer();
+const stderrBuffer = WritableStreamBuffer();
+
+try {
+  const result = await semanticRelease({
+    // Core options
+    branches: [
+      '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x',
+      'master',
+      'next',
+      'next-major',
+      {name: 'beta', prerelease: true},
+      {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}
+    ],
+    repositoryUrl: 'https://github.com/me/my-package.git',
+    // Shareable config
+    extends: 'my-shareable-config',
+    // Plugin options
+    githubUrl: 'https://my-ghe.com',
+    githubApiPathPrefix: '/api-prefix'
+  }, {
+    // Run semantic-release from `/path/to/git/repo/root` without having to change local process `cwd` with `process.chdir()`
+    cwd: '/path/to/git/repo/root',
+    // Pass the variable `MY_ENV_VAR` to semantic-release without having to modify the local `process.env`
+    env: {...process.env, MY_ENV_VAR: 'MY_ENV_VAR_VALUE'},
+    // Store stdout and stderr to use later instead of writing to `process.stdout` and `process.stderr`
+    stdout: stdoutBuffer,
+    stderr: stderrBuffer
+  });
+
+  if (result) {
+    const {lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases} = result;
+
+    console.log(`Published ${nextRelease.type} release version ${nextRelease.version} containing ${commits.length} commits.`);
+
+    if (lastRelease.version) {
+      console.log(`The last release was "${lastRelease.version}".`);
+    }
+
+    for (const release of releases) {
+      console.log(`The release was published with plugin "${release.pluginName}".`);
+    }
+  } else {
+    console.log('No release published.');
+  }
+
+  // Get stdout and stderr content
+  const logs = stdoutBuffer.getContentsAsString('utf8');
+  const errors = stderrBuffer.getContentsAsString('utf8');
+} catch (err) {
+  console.error('The automated release failed with %O', err)
+}
+```
+
+## API
+
+### semanticRelease([options], [config]) => Promise<Result>
+
+Run **semantic-release** and returns a `Promise` that resolves to a [Result](#result) object.
+
+#### options
+
+Type: `Object`
+
+**semantic-release** options.
+
+Can be used to set any [core option](../usage/configuration.md#configuration) or [plugin options](../usage/plugins.md#configuration).
+
+Each option, will take precedence over options configured in the [configuration file](../usage/configuration.md#configuration) and [shareable configurations](../usage/configuration.md#extends).
+
+#### config
+
+Type: `Object`
+
+**semantic-release** configuration specific for API usage.
+
+##### cwd
+
+Type: `String`<br>
+Default: `process.cwd()`
+
+The current working directory to use. It should be configured to the root of the Git repository to release from.
+
+It allows to run **semantic-release** from a specific path without having to change the local process `cwd` with `process.chdir()`.
+
+##### env
+
+Type: `Object`<br>
+Default: `process.env`
+
+The environment variables to use.
+
+It allows to run **semantic-release** with specific environment variables without having to modify the local `process.env`.
+
+##### stdout
+
+Type: [`stream.Writable`](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_writable_streams)<br>
+Default: `process.stdout`
+
+The [writable stream](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_writable_streams) used to log information.
+
+It allows to configure **semantic-release** to write logs to a specific stream rather than the local `process.stdout`.
+
+##### stderr
+
+Type: [`stream.Writable`](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_writable_streams)<br>
+Default: `process.stderr`
+
+The [writable stream](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_writable_streams) used to log errors.
+
+It allows to configure **semantic-release** to write errors to a specific stream rather than the local `process.stderr`.
+
+### Result
+
+Type: `Object` `Boolean`<br>
+
+And object with [`lastRelease`](#lastrelease), [`nextRelease`](#nextrelease), [`commits`](#commits) and [`releases`](#releases) if a release is published or `false` if no release was published.
+
+#### lastRelease
+
+Type: `Object`
+
+Information related to the last release found:
+
+| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                                                         |
+|---------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| version | `String` | The version of the last release.                                                                                                    |
+| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the last release.                                                                          |
+| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the last release.                                  |
+| channel | `String` | The distribution channel on which the last release was initially made available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |
+
+**Notes**: If no previous release is found, `lastRelease` will be an empty `Object`.
+
+Example:
+```js
+{
+  gitHead: 'da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709',
+  version: '1.0.0',
+  gitTag: 'v1.0.0',
+  channel: 'next'
+}
+```
+
+#### commits
+
+Type: `Array<Object>`
+
+The list of commit included in the new release.<br>
+Each commit object has the following properties:
+
+| Name            | Type     | Description                                     |
+|-----------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------|
+| commit          | `Object` | The commit abbreviated and full hash.           |
+| commit.long     | `String` | The commit hash.                                |
+| commit.short    | `String` | The commit abbreviated hash.                    |
+| tree            | `Object` | The commit abbreviated and full tree hash.      |
+| tree.long       | `String` | The commit tree hash.                           |
+| tree.short      | `String` | The commit abbreviated tree hash.               |
+| author          | `Object` | The commit author information.                  |
+| author.name     | `String` | The commit author name.                         |
+| author.email    | `String` | The commit author email.                        |
+| author.short    | `String` | The commit author date.                         |
+| committer       | `Object` | The committer information.                      |
+| committer.name  | `String` | The committer name.                             |
+| committer.email | `String` | The committer email.                            |
+| committer.short | `String` | The committer date.                             |
+| subject         | `String` | The commit subject.                             |
+| body            | `String` | The commit body.                                |
+| message         | `String` | The commit full message (`subject` and `body`). |
+| hash            | `String` | The commit hash.                                |
+| committerDate   | `String` | The committer date.                             |
+
+Example:
+```js
+[
+  {
+    commit: {
+      long: '68eb2c4d778050b0701136ca129f837d7ed494d2',
+      short: '68eb2c4'
+    },
+    tree: {
+      long: '7ab515d12bd2cf431745511ac4ee13fed15ab578',
+      short: '7ab515d'
+    },
+    author: {
+      name: 'Me',
+      email: 'me@email.com',
+      date: 2018-07-22T20:52:44.000Z
+    },
+    committer: {
+      name: 'Me',
+      email: 'me@email.com',
+      date: 2018-07-22T20:52:44.000Z
+    },
+    subject: 'feat: a new feature',
+    body: 'Description of the new feature',
+    hash: '68eb2c4d778050b0701136ca129f837d7ed494d2',
+    message: 'feat: a new feature\n\nDescription of the new feature',
+    committerDate: 2018-07-22T20:52:44.000Z
+  }
+ ]
+```
+
+#### nextRelease
+
+Type: `Object`
+
+Information related to the newly published release:
+
+| Name    | Type     | Description                                                                                                                   |
+|---------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| type    | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).                                           |
+| version | `String` | The version of the new release.                                                                                               |
+| gitHead | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the new release.                                                                     |
+| gitTag  | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the new release.                             |
+| notes   | `String` | The release notes for the new release.                                                                                        |
+| channel | `String` | The distribution channel on which the next release will be made available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |
+
+Example:
+```js
+{
+  type: 'minor',
+  gitHead: '68eb2c4d778050b0701136ca129f837d7ed494d2',
+  version: '1.1.0',
+  gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
+  notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
+  channel : 'next'
+}
+```
+
+#### releases
+
+Type: `Array<Object>`
+
+The list of releases published or made available to a distribution channel.<br>
+Each release object has the following properties:
+
+| Name       | Type     | Description                                                                                                    |
+|------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| name       | `String` | **Optional.** The release name, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.                             |
+| url        | `String` | **Optional.** The release URL, only if set by the corresponding `publish` plugin.                              |
+| type       | `String` | The [semver](https://semver.org) type of the release (`patch`, `minor` or `major`).                            |
+| version    | `String` | The version of the release.                                                                                    |
+| gitHead    | `String` | The sha of the last commit being part of the release.                                                          |
+| gitTag     | `String` | The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) associated with the release.                  |
+| notes      | `String` | The release notes for the release.                                                                             |
+| pluginName | `String` | The name of the plugin that published the release.                                                             |
+| channel    | `String` | The distribution channel on which the release is available (`undefined` for the default distribution channel). |
+
+Example:
+```js
+[
+  {
+    name: 'GitHub release',
+    url: 'https://github.com/me/my-package/releases/tag/v1.1.0',
+    type: 'minor',
+    gitHead: '68eb2c4d778050b0701136ca129f837d7ed494d2',
+    version: '1.1.0',
+    gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
+    notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
+    pluginName: '@semantic-release/github'
+    channel: 'next'
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'npm package (@latest dist-tag)',
+    url: 'https://www.npmjs.com/package/my-package',
+    type: 'minor',
+    gitHead: '68eb2c4d778050b0701136ca129f837d7ed494d2',
+    version: '1.1.0',
+    gitTag: 'v1.1.0',
+    notes: 'Release notes for version 1.1.0...',
+    pluginName: '@semantic-release/npm'
+    channel: 'next'
+   }
+ ]
+```
@@ -1 +1,266 @@
-# Plugin developer guide
+# Plugin Developer Guide
+
+To create a plugin for `semantic-release`, you need to decide which parts of the release lifecycle are important to that plugin. For example, it is best to always have a `verifyConditions` step because you may be receiving inputs from a user and want to make sure they exist. A plugin can abide by any of the following lifecycles:
+
+- `verifyConditions`
+- `analyzeCommits`
+- `verifyRelease`
+- `generateNotes`
+- `addChannel`
+- `prepare`
+- `publish`
+- `success`
+- `fail`
+
+`semantic-release` will require the plugin via `node` and look through the required object for methods named like the lifecyles stated above. For example, if your plugin only had a `verifyConditions` and `success` step, the `main` file for your object would need to `export` an object with `verifyConditions` and `success` functions.
+
+In addition to the lifecycle methods, each lifecyle is passed two objects:
+
+1. `pluginConfig` - an object containing the options that a user may pass in via their `release.config.js` file (or similar)
+2. `context` - provided by `semantic-release` for access to things like `env` variables set on the running process.
+
+For each lifecycle you create, you will want to ensure it can accept `pluginConfig` and `context` as parameters.
+
+## Creating a Plugin Project
+
+It is recommended that you generate a new project with `yarn init`. This will provide you with a basic node project to get started with. From there, create an `index.js` file, and make sure it is specified as the `main` in the `package.json`. We will use this file to orchestrate the lifecycle methods later on.
+
+Next, create a `src` or `lib` folder in the root of the project. This is where we will store our logic and code for how our lifecycle methods work. Finally, create a `test` folder so you can write tests related to your logic.
+
+We recommend you setup a linting system to ensure good javascript practices are enforced. ESLint is usually the system of choice, and the configuration can be whatever you or your team fancies.
+
+## Exposing Lifecycle Methods
+
+In your `index.js` file, you can start by writing the following code
+
+```javascript
+const verifyConditions = require('./src/verify');
+
+let verified;
+
+/**
+ * Called by semantic-release during the verification step
+ * @param {*} pluginConfig The semantic-release plugin config
+ * @param {*} context The context provided by semantic-release
+ */
+async function verify(pluginConfig, context) {
+  await verifyConditions(pluginConfig, context);
+  verified = true;
+}
+
+module.exports = { verify };
+```
+
+Then, in your `src` folder, create a file called `verify.js` and add the following
+
+```javascript
+const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
+
+/**
+ * A method to verify that the user has given us a slack webhook url to post to
+ */
+module.exports = async (pluginConfig, context) => {
+  const { logger } = context;
+  const errors = [];
+
+  // Throw any errors we accumulated during the validation
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+};
+```
+
+As of right now, this code won't do anything. However, if you were to run this plugin via `semantic-release`, it would run when the `verify` step occurred.
+
+Following this structure, you can create different steps and checks to run through out the release process.
+
+## Supporting Options
+
+Let's say we want to verify that an `option` is passed. An `option` is a configuration object that is specific to your plugin. For example, the user may set an `option` in their release config like:
+
+```js
+{
+    prepare: {
+        path: "@semantic-release/my-special-plugin"
+        message: "My cool release message"
+    }
+}
+```
+
+This `message` option will be passed to the `pluginConfig` object mentioned earlier. We can use the validation method we created to verify this option exists so we can perform logic based on that knowledge. In our `verify` file, we can add the following:
+
+```js
+const { message } = pluginConfig;
+
+if (message.length) {
+    //...
+}
+```
+
+## Context
+
+### Common context keys
+
+* `stdout`
+* `stderr`
+* `logger`
+
+### Context object keys by lifecycle
+
+#### verifyConditions
+
+Initially the context object contains the following keys (`verifyConditions` lifecycle):
+* `cwd`
+  * Current working directory
+* `env`
+  * Environment variables
+* `envCi`
+  * Information about CI environment
+  * Contains (at least) the following keys:
+    * `isCi`
+      * Boolean, true if the environment is a CI environment
+    * `commit`
+      * Commit hash
+    * `branch`
+      * Current branch
+* `options`
+  * Options passed to `semantic-release` via CLI, configuration files etc.
+* `branch`
+  * Information on the current branch
+  * Object keys:
+    * `channel`
+    * `tags`
+    * `type`
+    * `name`
+    * `range`
+    * `accept`
+    * `main`
+* `branches`
+  * Information on branches
+  * List of branch objects (see above)
+
+#### analyzeCommits
+
+Compared to the verifyConditions, `analyzeCommits` lifecycle context has keys
+
+* `commits` (List)
+  * List of commits taken into account when determining the new version.
+  * Keys:
+    * `commit` (Object)
+      * Keys:
+        * `long` (String, Commit hash)
+        * `short` (String, Commit hash)
+    * `tree` (Object)
+      * Keys:
+        * `long` (String, Commit hash)
+        * `short` (String, Commit hash)
+    * `author` (Object)
+      * Keys:
+        * `name` (String)
+        * `email` (String)
+        * `date` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    * `committer` (Object)
+      * Keys:
+        * `name` (String)
+        * `email` (String)
+        * `date` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    * `subject` (String, Commit message subject)
+    * `body` (String, Commit message body)
+    * `hash` (String, Commit hash)
+    * `committerDate` (String, ISO 8601 timestamp)
+    * `message` (String)
+    * `gitTags` (String, List of git tags)
+* `releases` (List)
+* `lastRelease` (Object)
+  * Keys
+    * `version` (String)
+    * `gitTag` (String)
+    * `channels` (List)
+    * `gitHead` (String, Commit hash)
+    * `name` (String)
+
+#### verifyRelease
+
+Additional keys:
+
+* `nextRelease` (Object)
+  * `type` (String)
+  * `channel` (String)
+  * `gitHead` (String, Git hash)
+  * `version` (String, version without `v`)
+  * `gitTag` (String, version with `v`)
+  * `name` (String)
+    
+#### generateNotes
+
+No new content in the context.
+
+#### addChannel
+
+*This is run only if there are releases that have been merged from a higher branch but not added on the channel of the current branch.*
+
+Context content is similar to lifecycle `verifyRelease`.
+
+#### prepare
+
+Only change is that `generateNotes` has populated `nextRelease.notes`.
+
+#### publish
+
+No new content in the context.
+
+#### success
+
+Lifecycles `success` and `fail` are mutually exclusive, only one of them will be run.
+
+Additional keys:
+
+* `releases`
+  * Populated by `publish` lifecycle
+
+#### fail
+
+Lifecycles `success` and `fail` are mutually exclusive, only one of them will be run.
+
+Additional keys:
+
+* `errors`
+
+### Supporting Environment Variables
+
+Similar to `options`, environment variables exist to allow users to pass tokens and set special URLs. These are set on the `context` object instead of the `pluginConfig` object. Let's say we wanted to check for `GITHUB_TOKEN` in the environment because we want to post to GitHub on the user's behalf. To do this, we can add the following to our `verify` command:
+
+```js
+const { env } = context;
+
+if (env.GITHUB_TOKEN) {
+  //...
+}
+```
+
+## Execution order
+
+For the lifecycles, the list at the top of the readme contains the order. If there are multiple plugins for the same lifecycle, then the order of the plugins determines the order in which they are executed.
+
+## Handling errors
+
+In order to be able to detect and handle errors properly, the errors thrown from the must be of type [SemanticReleaseError](https://github.com/semantic-release/error) or extend it as described in the package readme. This way the errors are handled properly and plugins using the `fail` lifecycle receive the errors correctly. For any other types of errors the internal error handling does nothing, lets them through up until the final catch and does not call any `fail` plugins.
+
+## Advanced
+
+Knowledge that might be useful for plugin developers.
+
+### Multiple analyzeCommits plugins
+
+While it may be trivial that multiple analyzeCommits (or any lifecycle plugins) can be defined, it is not that self-evident that the plugins executed AFTER the first one (for example, the default one: `commit-analyzer`) can change the result. This way it is possible to create more advanced rules or situations, e.g. if none of the commits would result in new release, then a default can be defined.
+
+The commit must be a known release type, for example the commit-analyzer has the following default types:
+* major
+* premajor
+* minor
+* preminor
+* patch
+* prepatch
+* prerelease
+
+If the analyzeCommits-lifecycle plugin does not return anything, then the earlier result is used, but if it returns a supported string value, then that overrides the previous result.
@@ -1,48 +1,142 @@
 # Plugins list

-## Default plugins
-
- [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#verifyconditions): Verify the presence and the validity of the GitHub authentication and release configuration
-  - [publish](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#publish): Publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases)
-  - [success](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#success): Add a comment to GitHub issues and pull requests resolved in the release
-  - [fail](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#fail): Open a GitHub issue when a release fails
- [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#verifyconditions): Verify the presence and the validity of the npm authentication and release configuration
-  - [prepare](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#prepare): Update the package.json version and create the npm package tarball
-  - [publish](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#publish): Publish the package on the npm registry
-
 ## Official plugins
-
+- [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer)
+  - **Note**: this is already part of semantic-release and does not have to be installed separately
+  - `analyzeCommits`: Determine the type of release by analyzing commits with [conventional-changelog](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog)
+- [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator)
+  - **Note**: this is already part of semantic-release and does not have to be installed separately
+  - `generateNotes`: Generate release notes for the commits added since the last release with [conventional-changelog](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog)
+- [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github)
+  - **Note**: this is already part of semantic-release and does not have to be installed separately
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the GitHub authentication and release configuration
+  - `publish`: Publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases)
+  - `success`: Add a comment to GitHub issues and pull requests resolved in the release
+  - `fail`: Open a GitHub issue when a release fails
+- [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm)
+  - **Note**: this is already part of semantic-release and does not have to be installed separately
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the npm authentication and release configuration
+  - `prepare`: Update the package.json version and create the npm package tarball
+  - `publish`: Publish the package on the npm registry
 - [@semantic-release/gitlab](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab#verifyconditions): Verify the presence and the validity of the GitLab authentication and release configuration
-  - [publish](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab#publish): Publish a [GitLab release](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/workflow/releases.html)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the GitLab authentication and release configuration
+  - `publish`: Publish a [GitLab release](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/releases/)
 - [@semantic-release/git](https://github.com/semantic-release/git)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/git#verifyconditions): Verify the presence and the validity of the Git authentication and release configuration
-  - [prepare](https://github.com/semantic-release/git#prepare): Push a release commit and tag, including configurable files
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the Git authentication and release configuration
+  - `prepare`: Push a release commit and tag, including configurable files
 - [@semantic-release/changelog](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog#verifyconditions): Verify the presence and the validity of the configuration
-  - [prepare](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog#prepare): Create or update the changelog file in the local project repository
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the configuration
+  - `prepare`: Create or update the changelog file in the local project repository
 - [@semantic-release/exec](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#verifyconditions): Execute a shell command to verify if the release should happen
-  - [analyzeCommits](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#analyzecommits): Execute a shell command to determine the type of release
-  - [verifyRelease](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#verifyrelease): Execute a shell command to verifying a release that was determined before and is about to be published.
-  - [generateNotes](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#analyzecommits): Execute a shell command to generate the release note
-  - [prepare](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#prepare): Execute a shell command to prepare the release
-  - [publish](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#publish): Execute a shell command to publish the release
-  - [success](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#success): Execute a shell command to notify of a new release
-  - [fail](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec#fail): Execute a shell command to notify of a failed release
+  - `verifyConditions`: Execute a shell command to verify if the release should happen
+  - `analyzeCommits`: Execute a shell command to determine the type of release
+  - `verifyRelease`: Execute a shell command to verifying a release that was determined before and is about to be published
+  - `generateNotes`: Execute a shell command to generate the release note
+  - `prepare`: Execute a shell command to prepare the release
+  - `publish`: Execute a shell command to publish the release
+  - `success`: Execute a shell command to notify of a new release
+  - `fail`: Execute a shell command to notify of a failed release
+- [@semantic-release/apm](https://github.com/semantic-release/apm)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the `ATOM_ACCESS_TOKEN` environment variable and the [`apm`](https://github.com/atom/apm) CLI
+  - `prepare`: Update the `package.json` version with [`npm version`](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/version)
+  - `publish`: Publish the [Atom package](https://flight-manual.atom.io/hacking-atom/sections/publishing)

 ## Community plugins

-[Open a Pull Request](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/blob/caribou/CONTRIBUTING.md#submitting-a-pull-request) to add your plugin to the list.
+[Open a Pull Request](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#submitting-a-pull-request) to add your plugin to the list.

- [semantic-release-docker](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-docker) Set of semantic-release plugins for publishing a docker image to Docker Hub (tested on semantic-release **^11.0.0**)
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-docker#verifyconditions) Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the Docker registry.
-  - [publish](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-docker#publish) Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to Docker Hub and update the latest tag.
- [semantic-release-verify-deps](https://github.com/piercus/semantic-release-verify-deps) 
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/piercus/semantic-release-verify-deps) Check the dependencies format against a regexp before a release
- [semantic-release-chrome](https://github.com/GabrielDuarteM/semantic-release-chrome) Set of semantic-release plugins for publishing a Chrome extension release.
-  - [verifyConditions](https://github.com/GabrielDuarteM/semantic-release-chrome#verifyconditions) Verify the presence of the authentication (set via environment variables).
-  - [prepare](https://github.com/GabrielDuarteM/semantic-release-chrome#prepare) Write the correct version to the manifest.json and creates a zip file of the whole dist folder.
-  - [publish](https://github.com/GabrielDuarteM/semantic-release-chrome#publish) Uploads the generated zip file to the webstore, and publish the item.
+- [semantic-release-slack-bot](https://github.com/juliuscc/semantic-release-slack-bot)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that the environment variable `SLACK_WEBHOOK` has been defined.
+  - `success`: Publish a message about the success to a slack channel.
+  - `fail`: Optionally publish a message about failure to a slack channel.
+- [semantic-release-docker](https://github.com/felixfbecker/semantic-release-docker)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the Docker registry.
+  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to Docker Hub and update the latest tag
+- [@semantic-release-plus/docker](https://github.com/semantic-release-plus/semantic-release-plus/tree/master/packages/plugins/docker)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the configured docker registry.
+  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to the configured docker registry and update the `latest`, `major`, `minor` tags based on the configuration settings.
+- [semantic-release-gcr](https://github.com/carlos-cubas/semantic-release-gcr)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all needed configuration is present and login to the Docker registry
+  - `publish`: Tag the image specified by `name` with the new version, push it to Docker Hub and update the latest tag
+- [semantic-release-vsce](https://github.com/raix/semantic-release-vsce)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the vsce authentication and release configuration
+  - `prepare`: Create a `.vsix` for distribution
+  - `publish`: Publish the package to the Visual Studio Code marketplace
+- [semantic-release-verify-deps](https://github.com/piercus/semantic-release-verify-deps)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Check the dependencies format against a regexp before a release
+- [semantic-release-chrome](https://github.com/GabrielDuarteM/semantic-release-chrome)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the authentication (set via environment variables)
+  - `prepare`: Write the correct version to the `manifest.json` and creates a zip file of the whole dist folder
+  - `publish`: Uploads the generated zip file to the webstore, and publish the item
+- [semantic-release-firefox-add-on](https://github.com/tophat/semantic-release-firefox-add-on)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that all required options are present and authentication is set via environment variables
+  - `prepare`: Write the correct version to the `manifest.json`
+  - `publish`: Creates an unsigned `.xpi` file, and submits it to the Mozilla Add On store for signing. Once the package is signed, downloads the signed `.xpi` to a local directory
+- [semantic-release-gerrit](https://github.com/pascalMN/semantic-release-gerrit)
+  - `generateNotes`: Generate release notes with Gerrit reviews URL
+- [semantic-release-expo](https://github.com/bycedric/semantic-release-expo)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify Expo manifest(s) are readable and valid.
+  - `prepare`: Update version, ios build number and android version code in the Expo manifest(s).
+- [maven-semantic-release](https://github.com/conveyal/maven-semantic-release)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verifies that the `pom.xml` file and other files exist and are setup to allow releases
+  - `verifyRelease`: Checks and warns (does not error by default) if the version numbers found on maven central and within the Git project differ by quite a bit
+  - `prepare`: Changes the version number in the `pom.xml` (or all `pom.xml` files in maven projects with multiple `pom.xml` files) and optionally creates a commit with this version number and pushes it to `master`
+  - `publish`: Runs `mvn deploy` to deploy to maven central and optionally will update to next snapshot version and merge changes to development branch
+- [semantic-release-ado](https://github.com/lluchmk/semantic-release-ado)
+  - `prepare`: Stores the version number as an Azure DevOps pipeline variable availabe to downstream steps on the job
+- [gradle-semantic-release](https://github.com/KengoTODA/gradle-semantic-release-plugin)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify that project has a Gradle wrapper script, and `build.gradle` contains a task to publish artifacts.
+  - `prepare`: Changes the version number in the `gradle.properties`
+  - `publish`: Triggers Gradle to publish artifacts.
+- [semantic-release-circleci-orb](https://github.com/matt-oakes/semantic-release-circleci-orb)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the `CIRCLECI_API_TOKEN` environment variable, `orbName` option, and the `circleci` CLI.
+  - `publish`: Publish the CircleCI orb.
+- [semantic-release-github-pages](https://github.com/qiwi/semantic-release-gh-pages-plugin)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of the auth token set via environment variables.
+  - `publish`: Pushes commit to the documentation branch.
+- [semantic-release-github-pullrequest](https://github.com/asbiin/semantic-release-github-pullrequest)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the GitHub authentication and other configuration.
+  - `publish`: Create a branch to upload all assets and create the pull request on the base branch on GitHub.
+- [leiningen-semantic-release](https://github.com/NoxHarmonium/leiningen-semantic-release)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Checks the project.clj is syntactically valid.
+  - `prepare`: Update the project.clj version and package the output jar file.
+  - `publish`: Publish the jar (and generated Maven metadata) to a maven repository (or clojars).
+- [@saithodev/semantic-release-gitea](https://github.com/saitho/semantic-release-gitea)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the authentication and the assets option configuration.
+  - `publish`: Publish a Gitea release, optionally uploading file assets.
+  - `addChannel`: Update a Gitea release's pre-release field.
+- [@google/semantic-release-replace-plugin](https://github.com/google/semantic-release-replace-plugin)
+  - `prepare`: Replace version strings in files using regex and glob.
+- [semantic-release-rubygem](https://github.com/Gusto/semantic-release-rubygem)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Locate and validate a `.gemspec` file, locate and validate a `lib/**/version.rb` file, verify the presence of the `GEM_HOST_API_KEY` environment variable, and create a credentials file with the API key.
+  - `prepare`: Update the version in the `lib/**/version.rb` version file and [build](https://guides.rubygems.org/command-reference/#gem-build) the gem.
+  - `publish`: [Push the Ruby gem](https://guides.rubygems.org/command-reference/#gem-push) to the gem server. 
+- [semantic-release-npm-deprecate-old-versions](https://github.com/ghusse/semantic-release-npm-deprecate-old-versions)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validates configuration.
+  - `publish`: Deprecates old versions, based on the declaration of supported versions in the config. 
+- [amanda-mitchell/semantic-release-npm-multiple](https://github.com/amanda-mitchell/semantic-release-npm-multiple)
+  - **Note**: this is a thin wrapper around the built-in npm plugin that can target multiple registries
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence and the validity of the npm authentication and release configuration for multiple registries
+  - `prepare`: Update the package.json version and create the npm package tarball
+  - `publish`: Publish the package on the npm registry for multiple registries
+- [semantic-release-license](https://github.com/cbhq/semantic-release-license) Automatically update dates and more in your license file for new releases.
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the presence of a license file
+  - `prepare`: Update the license file based on its type
+- [semantic-release-pypi](https://github.com/abichinger/semantic-release-pypi)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Verify the environment variable ```PYPI_TOKEN``` and installation of build tools
+  - `prepare`: Update the version in ```setup.cfg``` and create the distribution packages
+  - `publish`: Publish the python package to a repository (default: pypi)
+- [semantic-release-helm](https://github.com/m1pl/semantic-release-helm)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and (if present) credentials
+  - `prepare`: Update version and appVersion in ```Chart.yaml```
+  - `publish`: Publish the chart to a registry (if configured)
+- [semantic-release-codeartifact](https://github.com/ryansonshine/semantic-release-codeartifact)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration, get AWS CodeArtifact authentication and repository, validate `publishConfig` or `.npmrc` (if they exist), then pass the configuration to the associated plugins.
+- [semantic-release-telegram](https://github.com/pustovitDmytro/semantic-release-telegram)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and verify ```TELEGRAM_BOT_ID``` and ```TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN```
+  - `success`: Publish a message about the successful release to a telegram chat
+  - `fail`: publish a message about failure to a telegram chat
+- [semantic-release-heroku](https://github.com/pustovitDmytro/semantic-release-heroku)
+  - `verifyConditions`: Validate configuration and verify ```HEROKU_API_KEY```
+  - `prepare`: Update the package.json version and create release tarball
+  - `publish`: Publish version to heroku
@@ -5,3 +5,17 @@
 - [@semantic-release/gitlab-config](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab-config) - semantic-release shareable configuration for GitLab

 ## Community configurations
+- [@jedmao/semantic-release-npm-github-config](https://github.com/jedmao/semantic-release-npm-github-config)
+  - Provides an informative [git](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) commit message for the release commit that does not trigger continuous integration and conforms to the [conventional commits specification](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) (e.g., "chore(release): 1.2.3 [skip ci]\n\nnotes").
+  - Creates a tarball that gets uploaded with each [GitHub release](https://github.com/semantic-release/github).
+  - Publishes the same tarball to [npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm).
+  - Commits the version change in `package.json`.
+  - Creates or updates a [changelog](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) file.
+- [semantic-release-npm-github-publish](https://github.com/oleg-koval/semantic-release-npm-github-publish)
+  - Based on [angular preset](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog/tree/master/packages/conventional-changelog-angular).
+  - Adds more keywords for the `chore` **PATCH** release.
+  - Generates or updates a [changelog](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) file including all **PATCH** keywords (not included in default angular package).
+  - Updates GitHub release with release-notes.
+  - Bumps a version in package.json.
+  - Publishes the new version to [NPM](https://npmjs.org).
+  
@@ -3,10 +3,16 @@
 ## CI configurations
 - [CircleCI 2.0 workflows](circleci-workflows.md)
 - [Travis CI](travis.md)
- [Travis CI with build stages](travis-build-stages.md)
 - [GitLab CI](gitlab-ci.md)
+- [GitHub Actions](github-actions.md)
+- [Jenkins CI](jenkins-ci.md)

 ## Git hosted services
 - [Git authentication with SSH keys](git-auth-ssh-keys.md)

+## Release workflow
+- [Publishing on distribution channels](distribution-channels.md)
+- [Publishing maintenance releases](maintenance-releases.md)
+- [Publishing pre-releases](pre-releases.md)
+
 ## Package managers and languages
@@ -4,52 +4,45 @@

 The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [CircleCi Project Settings](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/env-vars/#adding-environment-variables-in-the-app)..

-Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/ci-configuration.md#automatic-setup-with-semantic-release-cli).
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).

 ## Multiple Node jobs configuration

 ### `.circleci/config.yml` configuration for multiple Node jobs

-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [CircleCI documentation](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0) for additional configuration options.
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with tests running against Node 16 and 14. See [CircleCI documentation](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0) for additional configuration options.

-This example create the workflows `test_node_4`, `test_node_6`, `test_node_8` and `release`. The release workflows will [run `semantic-release` only after the all the `test_node_*` are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
+In this example, the [`circleci/node`](https://circleci.com/developer/orbs/orb/circleci/node) orb is imported (Which makes some node operations easier), then a `release` job is defined which will run `semantic-release`.
+
+To run our `release` job, we have created a workflow named `test_and_release` which will run two jobs, `node/test`, which comes from the node orb and will test our application, and our release job. Here, we are actually making use of [matrix jobs](https://circleci.com/blog/circleci-matrix-jobs/) so that our single `node/test` job will actually be executed twice, once for Node version 16, and once for version 14. Finally, we call our release job with a `requires` parameter so that `release` will only run after `node/test` has successfully tested against v14 and v16.

 ```yaml
-version: 2
+version: 2.1
+orbs:
+  node: circleci/node@4.5
 jobs:
-  test_node_6:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:6
-    steps:
-      # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, cache management, tests etc...)
-
-  test_node_8:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:8
-    steps:
-      # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, cache management, tests etc...)
-
  release:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/node:8
+    executor: node/default
    steps:
      - checkout
-      - run: npm install
+      - node/install-packages # Install and automatically cache packages
      # Run optional required steps before releasing
      # - run: npm run build-script
      - run: npx semantic-release

 workflows:
-  version: 2
  test_and_release:
    # Run the test jobs first, then the release only when all the test jobs are successful
    jobs:
-      - test_node_6
-      - test_node_8
+      - node/test:
+          matrix:
+            parameters:
+              version:
+                - 16.1.0
+                - 14.17.0
      - release:
          requires:
-            - test_node_6
-            - test_node_8
+            - node/test
 ```

 ### `package.json` configuration for multiple Node jobs
@@ -59,7 +52,7 @@ A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-ins
 ```json
 {
  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^12.0.0"
+    "semantic-release": "^18.0.0"
  }
 }
 ```
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Publishing on distribution channels
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses distribution channels to make releases available only to a subset of users, in order to collect feedbacks before distributing the release to all users.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+- [branches](../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix
+
+We can now continue to commit changes and release updates to our users. For example we can commit a bug fix with the message `fix: a fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature on next
+
+We now want to develop an important feature, which is a breaking change. Considering the scope of this feature we want to make it available, at first, only to our most dedicated users in order to get feedback. Once we get that feedback we can make improvements and ultimately make the new feature available to all users.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `next` and commit our feature to this branch. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@next`. That means only the users installing our module with `npm install example-module@next` will receive the version `2.0.0`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.1`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix on next
+
+One of our users starts to use the new `2.0.0` release and reports a bug. We develop a bug fix and commit it to the `next` branch with the message `fix: fix something on the big feature`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.1` on the dist-tag `@next`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature on latest
+
+We now want to develop a smaller, non-breaking feature. Its scope is small enough that we don't need to have a phase of feedback and we can release it to all users right away.
+
+If we were to commit that feature on `next` only a subset of users would get it, and we would need to wait for the end of our feedback period in order to make both the big and the small feature available to all users.
+
+Instead, we develop that small feature commit it to `master` with the message `feat: a small feature`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.0` on the dist-tag `@latest` so all users can benefit from it right away.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Porting a feature to next
+
+Most of our users now have access to the small feature, but we still need to make it available to our users using the `@next` dist-tag. To do so we need to merge our changes made on `master` (the commit `feat: a small feature`) into `next`. As `master` and `next` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `next`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.0` on the dist-tag `@next` which contains both our small and big feature.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+|  * Merge branch master into next # => v2.1.0 on @next
+```
+
+## Adding a version to latest
+
+After a period of feedback from our users using the `@next` dist-tag we feel confident to make our big feature available to all users. To do so we merge the `next` branch into `master`. There should be no conflict as `next` is strictly ahead of `master`.
+
+Once the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will add the version `2.1.0` to the dist-tag `@latest` so all users will receive it when installing out module with `npm install example-module`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: a big feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0 on @next
+|  * fix: fix something on the big feature # => v2.0.1 on @next
+*  | feat: a small feature # => v1.1.0 on @latest
+|  * Merge branch master into next # => v2.1.0 on @next
+| /|
+*  | Merge branch next into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+We can now continue to push new fixes and features on `master`, or a new breaking change on `next` as we did before.
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ jobs:
          # Make sure only the current user can read the private key
          - chmod 600 /tmp/git_deploy_key
          # Create a script to return the passphrase environment variable to ssh-add
-          - echo 'echo ${SSH_PASSPHRASE}' > /tmp/askpass && chmod +x /tmp/askpass
+          - echo 'echo ${SSL_PASSPHRASE}' > /tmp/askpass && chmod +x /tmp/askpass
          # Start the authentication agent
          - eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
          # Add the key to the authentication agent
@@ -158,6 +158,6 @@ Commit the encrypted private key and the `.circleci/config.yml` file to your rep

 ```bash
 $ git add git_deploy_key.enc .circleci/config.yml
-$ git commit -m "ci(cicle): Add the encrypted private ssh key"
+$ git commit -m "ci(circle): Add the encrypted private ssh key"
 $ git push
 ```
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [GitHub Actions](https://help.github.com/en/categories/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Secret Variables](https://help.github.com/en/articles/virtual-environments-for-github-actions#creating-and-using-secrets-encrypted-variables).
+
+In this example a publish type [`NPM_TOKEN`](https://docs.npmjs.com/creating-and-viewing-authentication-tokens) is required to publish a package to the npm registry. GitHub Actions [automatically populate](https://help.github.com/en/articles/virtual-environments-for-github-actions#github_token-secret) a [`GITHUB_TOKEN`](https://help.github.com/en/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) environment variable which can be used in Workflows.
+
+## Node project configuration
+
+[GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions) support [Workflows](https://help.github.com/en/articles/configuring-workflows), allowing to run tests on multiple Node versions and publish a release only when all test pass.
+
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run on [Node version >= 14.17](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--1417).
+
+### `.github/workflows/release.yml` configuration for Node projects
+
+The following is a minimal configuration for [`semantic-release`](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release) with a build running on Node 14.17 when a new commit is pushed to a `master` branch.
+See [Configuring a Workflow](https://help.github.com/en/articles/configuring-a-workflow) for additional configuration options.
+
+```yaml
+name: Release
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+jobs:
+  release:
+    name: Release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v1
+        with:
+          node-version: '14.17'
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+      - name: Release
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
+        run: npx semantic-release
+```
+
+## Pushing `package.json` changes to a `master` branch
+
+To keep `package.json` updated in the `master` branch, [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin can be used.
+
+**Note**: Automatically populated `GITHUB_TOKEN` cannot be used if branch protection is enabled for the target branch. It is **not** advised to mitigate this limitation by overriding an automatically populated `GITHUB_TOKEN` variable with a [Personal Access Tokens](https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line), as it poses a security risk. Since Secret Variables are available for Workflows triggered by any branch, it becomes a potential vector of attack, where a Workflow triggered from a non-protected branch can expose and use a token with elevated permissions, yielding branch protection insignificant. One can use Personal Access Tokens in trusted environments, where all developers should have the ability to perform administrative actions in the given repository and branch protection is enabled solely for convenience purposes, to remind about required reviews or CI checks.
+
+If the risk is acceptable, some extra configuration is needed. The [actions/checkout `persist-credentials`](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/checkout#usage) option needs to be `false`, otherwise the generated `GITHUB_TOKEN` will interfere with the custom one. Example:
+
+```yaml
+- name: Checkout
+    uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    with:
+      fetch-depth: 0
+      persist-credentials: false # <--- this
+```
+
+## Trigger semantic-release on demand
+
+### Using GUI:
+You can use [Manual Triggers](https://github.blog/changelog/2020-07-06-github-actions-manual-triggers-with-workflow_dispatch/) for GitHub Actions.
+
+### Using HTTP:
+Use [`repository_dispatch`](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/events-that-trigger-workflows#repository_dispatch) event to have control on when to generate a release by making an HTTP request, e.g.:
+
+```yaml
+name: Release
+on:
+  repository_dispatch:
+    types: [semantic-release]
+jobs:
+# ...
+```
+
+To trigger a release, call (with a [Personal Access Tokens](https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) stored in `GITHUB_TOKEN` environment variable):
+
+```
+$ curl -v -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.everest-preview+json" -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" https://api.github.com/repos/[org-name-or-username]/[repository]/dispatches -d '{ "event_type": "semantic-release" }'
+```
+
+### Using 3rd party apps:
+If you'd like to use a GitHub app to manage this instead of creating a personal access token, you could consider using a project like:
+
+* [Actions Panel](https://www.actionspanel.app/) - A declaratively configured way for triggering GitHub Actions
+* [Action Button](https://github-action-button.web.app/#details) - A simple badge based mechanism for triggering GitHub Actions
@@ -2,17 +2,19 @@

 ## Environment variables

-The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Secret variables](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/variables/README.html#secret-variables).
+The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured with [Protected variables](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/variables/README.html#protected-environment-variables).
+
+**Note**: Make sure to configure your release branch as [protected](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/protected_branches.html) in order for the CI/CD build to access the protected variables.

 ## Node project configuration

 GitLab CI supports [Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines.html) allowing to test on multiple Node versions and publishing a release only when all test pass.

-**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a [Node >= 8 version](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83).
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a [Node >= 14.17 version](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--1417).

 ### `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration for Node projects

-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with .gitlab-ci.yml](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 10 and 12. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with .gitlab-ci.yml](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.

 **Note**: The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending if you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.

@@ -25,25 +27,60 @@ stages:
 before_script:
  - npm install

-node:6:
-  image: node:6
+node:10:
+  image: node:10
  stage: test
  script:
    - npm test

-node:8:
-  image: node:8
+node:12:
+  image: node:12
  stage: test
  script:
    - npm test

 publish:
-  image: node:8
+  image: node:12
  stage: release
  script:
    - npx semantic-release
 ```

+### `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration for all projects
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 10 and 12. See [GitLab CI - Configuration of your jobs with .gitlab-ci.yml](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html) for additional configuration options.
+
+**Note**: The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending if you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+
+```yaml
+# The release pipeline will run only on the master branch a commit is triggered
+stages:
+  - release
+
+release:
+  image: node:10-buster-slim
+  stage: release
+  before_script:
+    - apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git-core ca-certificates
+    - npm install -g semantic-release @semantic-release/gitlab
+  script:
+    - semantic-release
+  only:
+    - master
+
+release:
+  image: node:12-buster-slim
+  stage: release
+  before_script:
+    - apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git-core ca-certificates
+    - npm install -g semantic-release @semantic-release/gitlab
+  script:
+    - semantic-release
+  only:
+    - master
+```
+
 ### `package.json` configuration

 A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
@@ -51,7 +88,7 @@ A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-ins
 ```json
 {
  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^12.0.0"
+    "semantic-release": "^15.0.0"
  }
 }
 ```
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Using semantic-release with [Jenkins CI](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/)
+
+## Environment variables
+
+The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Jenkins Project Settings](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/tour/environment/)..
+
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).
+
+## Node.js project configuration
+
+### `Jenkinsfile (Declarative Pipeline)` configuration for a Node.js job
+
+**Note**: The publish pipeline must run a [Node >= 14.17 version](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--1417).
+
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 14.17. See [Jenkins documentation](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/) for additional configuration options.
+
+The`semantic-release` execution command varies depending if you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) or [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```yaml
+// The release stage in the pipeline will run only if the test stage in the pipeline is successful
+pipeline {
+    agent any
+    environment {
+        GH_TOKEN  = credentials('some-id')
+    }
+    stages {
+        stage('Test') {
+            steps {
+                sh '''
+                # Configure your test steps here (checkout, npm install, tests etc)
+                npm install
+                npm test
+                '''
+                }
+        }
+        stage('Release') {
+            tools {
+            nodejs "node 14.17"
+            }
+            steps {
+                sh '''
+                # Run optional required steps before releasing
+                npx semantic-release
+                '''
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### `package.json` configuration for a Node job
+
+A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
+
+```json
+{
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "semantic-release": "^18.0.0"
+  }
+}
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# Publishing maintenance releases
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses Git branches and distribution channels to publish fixes and features for old versions of a package.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+- [branches](../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit`. When pushing that commit, on `master` **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a breaking change
+
+We now decide to drop Node.js 6 support for our package, and require Node.js 8 or higher, which is a breaking change.  
+
+We commit that change with the message `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+* feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a feature for version 1.x users
+
+One of our users request a new feature, however they cannot migrate to Node.js 8 or higher due to corporate policies.
+
+If we were to push that feature on `master` and release it, the new version would require Node.js 8 or higher as the release would also contain the commit `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required`.
+
+Instead, we create the branch `1.x` from the tag `v1.0.0` with the command `git checkout -b 1.x v1.0.0` and we commit that feature with the message `feat: a feature` to the branch `1.x`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.0` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` so users who can't migrate to Node.js 8 or higher can benefit from it.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  * feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix for version 1.0.x users
+
+Another user currently using version `1.0.0` reports a bug. They cannot migrate to Node.js 8 or higher and they also cannot migrate to `1.1.0` as they do not use the feature developed in `feat: a feature` and their corporate policies require to go through a costly quality assurance process for each `minor` upgrades.
+
+In order to deliver the bug fix in a `patch` release, we create the branch `1.0.x` from the tag `v1.0.0` with the command `git checkout -b 1.0.x v1.0.0` and we commit that fix with the message `fix: a fix` to the branch `1.0.x`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@release-1.0.x` so users who can't migrate to `1.1.x` or `2.x` can benefit from it.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+```
+
+## Porting a bug fix from 1.0.x to 1.x
+
+Now that we have released a fix in version `1.0.1` we want to make it available to `1.1.x` users as well.
+
+To do so we need to merge the changes made on `1.0.x` (the commit `fix: a fix`) into the `1.x` branch. As `1.0.x` and `1.x` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to the branch `1.x`, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.1` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` which contains both our feature and bug fix.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+```
+
+## Porting bug fixes and features to master
+
+Finally we want to make both our feature and bug fix available to users using the `@latest` dist-tag.
+
+To do so we need to merge the changes made on `1.x` (the commits `feat: a feature` and `fix: a fix`) into `master`. As `1.x` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.0` on the dist-tag `@latest` which now contains the breaking change feature, the feature and the bug fix.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix for version 2.1.0 users
+
+One of our users using the version `2.1.0` version reports a bug.
+
+We can simply commit the bug fix with the message `fix: another fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.1.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+*  |  | fix: another fix # => v2.1.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Porting a bug fix from master to 1.x
+
+The bug fix `fix: another fix` also affects version `1.1.1` users, so we want to port it to the `1.x` branch.
+
+To do so we need to cherry pick our fix commit made on `master` (`fix: another fix`) into `1.x` with `git checkout 1.x && git cherry-pick <sha of fix: another fix>`. As `master` and `1.x` branches have diverged, the cherry picking might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the commit is pushed to `1.x`, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.1.2` on the dist-tag `@release-1.x` which contains `feat: a feature`, `fix: a fix` and `fix: another fix` but not `feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+*  | feat: drop Node.js 6 support \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: Node.js >= 8 required # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  *  | feat: a feature # => v1.1.0 on @1.x
+|  |  * fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @1.0.x
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch 1.0.x into 1.x # => v1.1.1 on @1.x
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch 1.x into master # => v2.1.0 on @latest
+*  |  | fix: another fix # => v2.1.1 on @latest
+|  |  |
+|  *  | fix: another fix # => v1.1.2 on @1.x
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+# Publishing pre-releases
+
+This recipe will walk you through a simple example that uses pre-releases to publish beta versions while working on a future major release and then make only one release on the default distribution.
+
+This example uses the **semantic-release** default configuration:
+- [branches](../usage/configuration.md#branches): `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`
+- [plugins](../usage/configuration.md#plugins): `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+
+## Initial release
+
+We'll start by making the first commit of the project, with the code for the initial release and the message `feat: initial commit`. When pushing that commit, on `master` **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.0` and make it available on the default distribution channel which is the dist-tag `@latest` for npm.
+
+The Git history of the repository is:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on a future release
+
+We now decide to work on a future major release, which will be composed of multiple features, some of them being breaking changes. We want to publish our package for each new feature developed for test purpose, however we do not want to increment our package version or make it available to our users until all the features are developed and tested.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `beta` and commit our first feature there. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `2.0.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@beta`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.0`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
+
+We can continue to work on our future release by committing and pushing other features or bug fixes on the `beta` branch. With each push, **semantic-release** will publish a new pre-release on the dist-tag `@beta`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+With another feature, the Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+```
+
+## Releasing a bug fix on the default distribution channel
+
+In the meantime we can also continue to commit changes and release updates to our users.
+
+For example, we can commit a bug fix with the message `fix: a fix` to `master`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will release the version `1.0.1` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on another future release
+
+We now decide to work on another future major release, in parallel of the beta one, which will also be composed of multiple features, some of them being breaking changes.
+
+To implement that workflow we can create the branch `alpha` from the branch `beta` and commit our first feature there. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.0.0-alpha.1` on the dist-tag `@alpha`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@alpha`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `1.0.0`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+```
+
+We can continue to work on our future release by committing and pushing other features or bug fixes on the `alpha` branch. With each push, **semantic-release** will publish a new pre-release on the dist-tag `@alpha`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+With another feature, the Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+```
+
+## Publishing the 2.0.0 beta release to the default distribution channel
+
+Once we've developed and pushed all the feature we want to include in the future version `2.0.0` in the `beta` branch and all our tests are successful we can release it to our users.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `beta` into `master`. As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `2.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Publishing the 3.0.0 alpha release to the beta distribution channel
+
+Now that we published our the version `2.0.0` that was previously in beta, we decide to promote the version `3.0.0` in alpha to beta.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `alpha` into `beta`. There should be no conflict as `alpha` is strictly ahead of `master`.
+
+Once the merge commit is pushed to `beta`, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.0.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`, which allow us to run our integration tests.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
+
+## Publishing the 3.0.0 beta release to the default distribution channel
+
+Once we've developed and pushed all the feature we want to include in the future version `3.0.0` in the `beta` branch and all our tests are successful we can release it to our users.
+
+To do so we need to merge our changes made on `beta` into `master`. As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+Once the conflicts are resolved and the merge commit is pushed to `master`, **semantic-release** will release the version `3.0.0` on the dist-tag `@latest`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v3.0.0 on @latest
+```
+
+## Working on a third future release
+
+We can now start to work on a new future major release, version `4.0.0`, on the `@beta` distribution channel.
+
+To do so we first need to update the `beta` branch with all the changes from `master` (the commits `fix: a fix`). As `beta` and `master` branches have diverged, this merge might require to resolve conflicts.
+
+We can now commit our new feature on `beta`. When pushing that commit, **semantic-release** will publish the pre-release version `3.1.0-beta.1` on the dist-tag `@beta`. That allow us to run integration tests by installing our module with `npm install example-module@beta`. Other users installing with `npm install example-module` will still receive the version `3.0.0`.
+
+The Git history of the repository is now:
+
+```
+* feat: initial commit # => v1.0.0 on @latest
+| \
+|  * feat: first feature \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v2.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+|  * feat: second feature # => v2.0.0-beta.2 on @beta
+*  | fix: a fix # => v1.0.1 on @latest
+|  | \
+|  |  * feat: first feature of other release \n\n BREAKING CHANGE: it breaks something # => v3.0.0-alpha.1 on @alpha
+|  |  * feat: second feature of other release # => v3.0.0-alpha.2 on @alpha
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v2.0.0 on @latest
+|  | /|
+|  *  | Merge branch alpha into beta # => v3.0.0-beta.1 on @beta
+| /|  |
+*  |  | Merge branch beta into master # => v3.0.0 on @latest
+| \|  |
+|  *  | Merge branch master into beta
+|  *  | feat: new feature # => v3.1.0-beta.1 on @beta
+```
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# Using semantic-release with [Travis CI build stages](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages)
-
-## Environment variables
-
-The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Travis Repository Settings](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#defining-variables-in-repository-Settings) or with the [travis env set CLI](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis.rb#env).
-
-Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/ci-configuration.md#automatic-setup-with-semantic-release-cli).
-
-## Multiple Node jobs configuration
-
-### `.travis.yml` configuration for multiple Node jobs
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
-
-This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
-
-It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.
-
-**Note**: It's not recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the Travis `script` step as each script in this step will be executed regardless of the outcome of the previous one. See [travis-ci/travis-ci#1066](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1066).
-
-**Advanced configuration**: Running the tests in the `script` step of the `release` stage is not necessary as the previous stage(s) already ran them. To increase speed, the `script` step of the `release` stage can be overwritten to skip the tests. Note that other commands such as build or compilation might still be required.
-
-```yaml
-language: node_js
-
-node_js:
-  - 8
-  - 6
-
-jobs:
-  include:
-    # Define the release stage that runs semantic-release
-    - stage: release
-      node_js: lts/*
-      # Advanced: optionally overwrite your default `script` step to skip the tests
-      # script: skip
-      deploy:
-        provider: script
-        skip_cleanup: true
-        script:
-          - npx semantic-release
-```
-
-### `package.json` configuration for multiple Node jobs
-
-A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
-
-```json
-{
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^12.0.0"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Non-JavaScript projects configuration
-
-For projects that require to be tested with one or multiple version of a Non-JavaScript [language](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages), optionally on multiple [Operating Systems](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/multi-os).
-
-This recipe cover the Travis specifics only. See [Non JavaScript projects recipe](../support/FAQ.md#can-i-use-semantic-release-to-publish-non-javascript-packages) for more information on the **semantic-release** configuration.
-
-### `.travis.yml` configuration for non-JavaScript projects
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running [Go 1.6 and 1.7](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/go). See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
-
-This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).
-
-It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.
-
-**Note**: It's not recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the Travis `script` step as each script in this step will be executed regardless of the outcome of the previous one. See [travis-ci/travis-ci#1066](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1066).
-
-**Advanced configuration**: Running the tests in the `script` step of the `release` stage is not necessary as the previous stage(s) already ran them. To increase speed, the `script` step of the `release` stage can be overwritten to skip the tests. Note that other commands such as build or compilation might still be required.
-
-```yaml
-language: go
-
-go:
-  - 1.6
-  - 1.7
-
-jobs:
-  include:
-    # Define the release stage that runs semantic-release
-    - stage: release
-      # Advanced: optionally overwrite your default `script` step to skip the tests
-      # script:
-      #   - make
-      deploy:
-        provider: script
-        skip_cleanup: true
-        script:
-          # Use nvm to install and use the Node LTS version (nvm is installed on all Travis images)
-          - nvm install lts/*
-          - npx semantic-release
-```
@@ -4,78 +4,43 @@

 The [Authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) environment variables can be configured in [Travis Repository Settings](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#defining-variables-in-repository-Settings) or with the [travis env set CLI](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis.rb#env).

-Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/ci-configuration.md#automatic-setup-with-semantic-release-cli).
+Alternatively, the default `NPM_TOKEN` and `GH_TOKEN` can be easily [setup with semantic-release-cli](../usage/getting-started.md#getting-started).

-## Single Node job configuration
+## Node.js projects configuration

-For projects that require to be tested only with a single [Node version](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/getting-started/#Selecting-a-different-programming-language) on [one Operating System](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/getting-started/#Selecting-infrastructure-(optional)).
+### `.travis.yml` configuration for multiple Node.js jobs

-**Note**: [Node 8 is the minimal version required](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83).
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 14 and 16. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.

-### `.travis.yml` configuration for single Node job
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for semantic-release with a build running Node 8 on Linux. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
+This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

 It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.

 **Note**: It's not recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the Travis `script` step as each script in this step will be executed regardless of the outcome of the previous one. See [travis-ci/travis-ci#1066](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1066).

-```yaml
-language: node_js
-
-node_js: 8
-
-deploy:
-  provider: script
-  skip_cleanup: true
-  script:
-    - npx semantic-release
-```
-
-### `package.json` configuration for single Node job
-
-A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
-
-```json
-{
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^11.0.0"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Multiple Node jobs configuration
-
-For projects that require to be tested with multiple [Node versions](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/javascript-with-nodejs/#Specifying-Node.js-versions) and/or on multiple [Operating Systems](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/multi-os).
-
-**Note**: At least one job must run a [Node >= 8 version](../support/FAQ.md#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83).
-
-### `.travis.yml` configuration for multiple Node jobs
-
-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running Node 6 and 8. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
-
-This example uses [`travis-deploy-once`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once) in order to [Run `semantic-release` only after all tests succeeded](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded). Alternatively you can use [Travis CI Build Stages recipe](travis-build-stages.md).
-
-It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.
-
-**Note**: It's not recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the Travis `script` step as each script in this step will be executed regardless of the outcome of the previous one. See [travis-ci/travis-ci#1066](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1066).
+**Advanced configuration**: Running the tests in the `script` step of the `release` stage is not necessary as the previous stage(s) already ran them. To increase speed, the `script` step of the `release` stage can be overwritten to skip the tests. Note that other commands such as build or compilation might still be required.

 ```yaml
 language: node_js

 node_js:
-  - 8
-  - 6
+  - 14
+  - 16

-deploy:
-  provider: script
-  skip_cleanup: true
-  script:
-    - npx travis-deploy-once "npx semantic-release"
+jobs:
+  include:
+    # Define the release stage that runs semantic-release
+    - stage: release
+      node_js: lts/*
+      # Advanced: optionally overwrite your default `script` step to skip the tests
+      # script: skip
+      deploy:
+        provider: script
+        skip_cleanup: true
+        script:
+          - npx semantic-release
 ```

-**Note**: See the `travis-deploy-once` [`pro`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once#-p---pro) and [`travis-url`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once#-u---travis-url) options for using with [Travis Pro](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/travis-pro) and [Travis Enterprise](https://enterprise.travis-ci.com).
-
 ### `package.json` configuration for multiple Node jobs

 A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation.
@@ -83,13 +48,12 @@ A `package.json` is required only for [local](../usage/installation.md#local-ins
 ```json
 {
  "devDependencies": {
-    "semantic-release": "^12.0.0",
-    "travis-deploy-once": "^4.0.0"
+    "semantic-release": "^18.0.0"
  }
 }
 ```

-## Non-JavaScript projects configuration
+## Non-Node.js projects configuration

 For projects that require to be tested with one or multiple version of a Non-JavaScript [language](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages), optionally on multiple [Operating Systems](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/multi-os).

@@ -97,14 +61,16 @@ This recipe cover the Travis specifics only. See [Non JavaScript projects recipe

 ### `.travis.yml` configuration for non-JavaScript projects

-This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running [Go 1.6 and 1.7](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/go) on Linux and OSX. See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.
+This example is a minimal configuration for **semantic-release** with a build running [Go 1.6 and 1.7](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/go). See [Travis - Customizing the Build](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build) for additional configuration options.

-This example uses [`travis-deploy-once`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once) in order to [run `semantic-release` only after all tests succeeded](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded). Alternatively you can use [Travis CI Build Stages recipe](travis-build-stages.md).
+This example creates a `release` [build stage](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages) that [runs `semantic-release` only after all test jobs are successful](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

 It's recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the [Travis `deploy` step](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/#The-Build-Lifecycle) so if an error occurs the build will fail and Travis will send a notification.

 **Note**: It's not recommended to run the `semantic-release` command in the Travis `script` step as each script in this step will be executed regardless of the outcome of the previous one. See [travis-ci/travis-ci#1066](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/1066).

+**Advanced configuration**: Running the tests in the `script` step of the `release` stage is not necessary as the previous stage(s) already ran them. To increase speed, the `script` step of the `release` stage can be overwritten to skip the tests. Note that other commands such as build or compilation might still be required.
+
 ```yaml
 language: go

@@ -112,18 +78,20 @@ go:
  - 1.6
  - 1.7

-os:
-  - linux
-  - osx
-
-deploy:
-  provider: script
-  skip_cleanup: true
-  script:
-    # Use nvm to install and use the Node LTS version (nvm is installed on all Travis images)
-    - nvm install lts/*
-    # Run semantic-release only on one job, after all other are successful
-    - npx travis-deploy-once "npx semantic-release"
+jobs:
+  include:
+    # Define the release stage that runs semantic-release
+    - stage: release
+      # Advanced: optionally overwrite your default `script` step to skip the tests
+      # script:
+      #   - make
+      deploy:
+        provider: script
+        skip_cleanup: true
+        script:
+          # Use nvm to install and use the Node LTS version (nvm is installed on all Travis images)
+          - nvm install lts/*
+          - npx semantic-release
+        on:
+          all_branches: true
 ```
-
-**Note**: See the `travis-deploy-once` [`pro`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once#-p---pro) and [`travis-url`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once#-u---travis-url) options for using with [Travis Pro](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/travis-pro) and [Travis Enterprise](https://enterprise.travis-ci.com).
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-# Resources
-
-## Videos
-
- ["Introducing Reliable Dependency and Release Management for npm Packages" - Gregor Martynus](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2RJWLcfzwc)
- ["Kill all humans" - Jan Lehnardt](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXyx_1kN1L8&t=2s)
- [Publishing JavaScript Packages" - JavaScript Air](https://javascriptair.com/episodes/2016-07-20)
- ["Managing Dependencies like a boss 😎" - JavaScript Air](https://javascriptair.com/episodes/2016-08-17)
- ["Dependency Hell Just Froze Over" - Stephan Bönnemann](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PA139CERNbc)
- [“semantic-release Q&A with Kent C. Dodds”](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6y3DnhkjrI)
- [“We fail to follow SemVer – and why it needn’t matter” - Stephan Bönnemann](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tc2UgG5L7WM)
-
-## Articles
-
- [“Introduction to SemVer” - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semver-d272990c44f2)
- ["Introduction to Semantic Release" - liv](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semantic-release-33f73b117c8)
-
-## Tutorials
-
- [“How to Write a JavaScript Library - Automating Releases with semantic-release” – egghead.io](https://egghead.io/lessons/javascript-automating-releases-with-semantic-release)
@@ -2,85 +2,70 @@

 ## Why is the `package.json`’s version not updated in my repository?

-**semantic-release** takes care of updating the `package.json`’s version before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com).
+[`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) takes care of updating the `package.json`’s version before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com).

-By default, only the published package will contains the version, which is the only place where it is *really* required, but the updated `package.json` will not be pushed to the Git repository
+By default, only the published package will contain the version, which is the only place where it is *really* required, but the updated `package.json` will not be pushed to the Git repository

 However, the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin can be used to push the updated `package.json` as well as other files to the Git repository.

+If you wish to only update the `package.json` and push via Git you can set the project to `"private": true,` within your `package.json` to prevent publishing to [the npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com).
+
 ## How can I use a npm build script that requires the `package.json`’s version ?

 The `package.json`’s version will be updated by the `semantic-release` command just before publishing to [npm](https://www.npmjs.com), therefore it won't be available for scripts ran before the `semantic-release` command.

-As semantic-release uses the [npm CLI](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/npm) to publish, all [npm hook scripts](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts#hook-scripts) will be executed. Therefore you can run your build script in the [`prepublishOnly`](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts#prepublish-and-prepare) hook. It will be executed after the `semantic-release` command update the `package.json`’s version and before publishing.
+As the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin uses the [npm CLI](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/npm) to update the `package.json` version and publish the package, all [npm hook scripts](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts#description) will be executed.
+
+You can run your build script in:
+- the `prepublishOnly` or `prepack` hook so it will be executed during the `publish` step of `@semantic-release/npm`
+- the `postversion` hook so it will be executed during the `prepare` step of `@semantic-release/npm`, which allow for example to update files before committing them with the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) plugin
+
+If using npm hook scripts is not possible, and alternative solution is to [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin to run your script in the `prepare` step:
+```json
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+    "@semantic-release/npm",
+    ["@semantic-release/exec", {
+      "prepareCmd": "./my-build-script.sh ${nextRelease.version}",
+    }],
+  ]
+}
+```

 ## Is there a way to preview which version would currently get published?

 Yes with the [dry-run options](../usage/configuration.md#dryrun) which prints to the console the next version to be published and the release notes.

-## Can I use semantic-release with Yarn?
-
-If you are using a [local](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) **semantic-release** installation and run multiple CI jobs with different versions, the `yarn install` command will fail on jobs running with Node < 8 as **semantic-release** requires [Node >= 8.3](#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83) and specifies it in its `package.json`s [`engines`](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json#engines) key.
-
-The recommended solution is to use the [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com) [--ignore-engines](https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/cli/install#toc-yarn-install-ignore-engines) option to install the project dependencies on the CI environment, so Yarn will ignore the **semantic-release**'s `engines` key:
-
-```bash
-$ yarn install --ignore-engines
-```
-
-**Note**: Several CI services use Yarn by default if your repository contains a `yarn.lock` file. So you should override the install step to specify `yarn install --ignore-engines`.
-
-Alternatively you can use a [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation and make sure to install and run the `semantic-release` command only in a CI jobs running with Node >= 8.3.
-
-If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can switch to Node 8 before installing and running the `semantic-release` command:
-
-```bash
-$ nvm install 8 && yarn global add semantic-release && semantic-release
-```
-
-See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.
-
-As `semantic-release` is recommended to be executed with [`npx`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/npx) an alternative is required for usage with Yarn. Even though it is possible to install npx with Yarn, it's not recommended. Yarn and npx would be using different cache locations.
-
-For [local installation](../usage/installation.md#local-installation) replace
-`npx semantic-release` with `yarn run semantic-release`.
-
-For [global installation](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) replace
-`npx semantic-release` with `yarn global add semantic-release && semantic-release`.
-
 ## Can I use semantic-release to publish non-JavaScript packages?

-Yes, **semantic-release** is a Node CLI application but it can be used to publish any type of packages.
+Yes, **semantic-release** is a Node CLI application, but it can be used to publish any type of packages.

 To publish a non-Node package (without a `package.json`) you would need to:
 - Use a [global](../usage/installation.md#global-installation) **semantic-release** installation
 - Set **semantic-release** [options](../usage/configuration.md#options) via [CLI arguments or rc file](../usage/configuration.md#configuration)
- Make sure your CI job executing the `semantic-release` command has access to [Node >= 8](#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--83) to execute the `semantic-release` command
+- Make sure your CI job executing the `semantic-release` command has access to [Node >= 14.17](#why-does-semantic-release-require-node-version--1417) to execute the `semantic-release` command

 See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on specific CI environments.

-In addition you will need to configure the **semantic-release** [plugins](../usage/plugins.md#plugins) to:
- Disable the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin
- Define plugins for the [verifyConditions](../usage/plugins.md#verifyconditions-plugin), [prepare](../usage/plugins.md#prepare-plugin) and [publish](../usage/plugins.md#publish-plugin) steps to release on your package registry. The [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin is recommended for situation where a release can be done with a shell command.
+In addition you will need to configure the **semantic-release** [plugins](../usage/plugins.md#plugins) to disable the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) plugin which is used by default and use a plugin for your project type.

-Here is a basic example to create [GitHub releases](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases) and use shell command to publish:
+If there is no specific plugin for your project type you can use the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin to publish the release with a shell command.
+
+Here is a basic example to create [GitHub releases](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases) and use a shell command to publish:

 ```json
 {
-  "verifyConditions": ["@semantic-release/github"],
-  "prepare": [
-    {
-      "path": "@semantic-release/exec",
-      "cmd": "set-version ${nextRelease.version}"
-    }
-  ],
-  "publish": [
+  "plugins": [
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
    "@semantic-release/github",
-    {
-      "path": "@semantic-release/exec",
-      "cmd": "publish-package"
-    }
-  ],
+    ["@semantic-release/exec", {
+      "prepareCmd" : "set-version ${nextRelease.version}",
+      "publishCmd" : "publish-package"
+      }]
+  ]
 }
 ```

@@ -98,7 +83,7 @@ See the [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for m

 ## Can I run semantic-release on my local machine rather than on a CI server?

-Yes, you can by explicitly setting the [`--no-ci` CLI option](../usage/configuration.md#options) option. You will also have to set the required [authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) via environment variables on your local machine, for example:
+Yes, you can by explicitly setting the [`--no-ci` CLI option](../usage/configuration.md#ci) option. You will also have to set the required [authentication](../usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication) via environment variables on your local machine, for example:

 ```bash
 $ NPM_TOKEN=<your_npm_token> GH_TOKEN=<your_github_token> npx semantic-release --no-ci
@@ -114,7 +99,7 @@ See the [GitLab CI recipes](../recipes/gitlab-ci.md#using-semantic-release-with-

 ## Can I use semantic-release with any Git hosted environment?

-By default **semantic-release** uses the [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) plugin to publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases). For other Git hosted environment the  [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) and [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) plugins can be used via [plugins configuration](../usage/plugins.md#configuration).
+By default **semantic-release** uses the [`@semantic-release/github`](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) plugin to publish a [GitHub release](https://help.github.com/articles/about-releases). For other Git hosted environment the  [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git) and [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog) plugins can be used via [plugins configuration](../usage/plugins.md).

 See the [`@semantic-release/git`](https://github.com/semantic-release/git#semantic-releasegit) [`@semantic-release/changelog`](https://github.com/semantic-release/changelog#semantic-releasechangelog) plugins documentation for more details.

@@ -124,6 +109,20 @@ Yes, the publishing to the npm registry can be disabled with the [`npmPublish`](

 See the [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#semantic-releasenpm) plugin documentation for more details.

+## How can I revert a release?
+
+If you have introduced a breaking bug in a release you have 2 options:
+- If you have a fix immediately ready, commit and push it (or merge it via a pull request) to the release branch
+- Otherwise, [revert the commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert) that introduced the bug and push the revert commit (or merge it via a pull request) to the release branch
+
+In both cases **semantic-release** will publish a new release, so your package users will get the fixed/reverted version.
+
+Depending on the package manager you are using, you might be able to un-publish or deprecate a release, in order to prevent users from downloading it by accident. For example, npm allows you to [un-publish](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/unpublish) [within 72 hours](https://www.npmjs.com/policies/unpublish) after release. You may also [deprecate](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/deprecate) a release if you would rather avoid un-publishing.
+
+In any case **do not remove the Git tag associated with the buggy version**, otherwise **semantic-release** will later try to republish that version. Publishing a version after un-publishing is not supported by most package managers.
+
+**Note**: If you are using the default [Angular Commit Message Conventions](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#-git-commit-guidelines) be aware that it uses a different revert commit format than the standard one created by [git revert](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), contrary to what is [claimed in the  convention](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). Therefore, if you revert a commit with [`git revert`](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert), use the [`--edit` option](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert#git-revert---edit) to format the message according to the [Angular revert commit message format](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/DEVELOPERS.md#revert). See [conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog#348](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/conventional-changelog/issues/348) for more details.
+
 ## Can I use `.npmrc` options?

 Yes, all the [npm configuration options](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/config) are supported via the [`.npmrc`](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/npmrc) file at the root of your repository.
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ If you need more control over the timing of releases, see [Triggering a release]

 This is not supported by **semantic-release** as it's not considered a good practice, mostly because [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org) rules applies differently to major version zero.

-In early development phase when your package is not ready for production yet we recommend to publish releases on a distribution channel (for example npm’s [dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag)) or to develop on a `dev` branch and merge it to `master` periodically. See [Triggering a release](../../README.md#triggering-a-release) for more details on those solutions.
+If your project is under heavy development, with frequent breaking changes, and is not production ready yet we recommend [publishing pre-releases](../recipes/pre-releases.md#publishing-pre-releases).

 See [“Introduction to SemVer” - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semver-d272990c44f2) for more details on [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org) and the recommendation to start at version `1.0.0`.

@@ -205,11 +204,15 @@ See [“Introduction to SemVer” - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/i

 In addition the [verify conditions step](../../README.md#release-steps) verifies that all necessary conditions for proceeding with a release are met, and a new release will be performed [only if all your tests pass](../usage/ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded).

-## Why does semantic-release require Node version >= 8.3?
+## Why does semantic-release require Node version >= 14.17?

-**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which **requires Node version 8.3 or higher**.
+**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which **requires Node version 14.17 or higher**.

-See [Node version requirement](../support/node-version.md#node-version-requirement) for more details and solutions.
+See [Node version requirement](./node-version.md#node-version-requirement) for more details and solutions.
+
+## Why does semantic-release require Git version >= 2.7.1?
+
+**semantic-release** uses Git CLI commands to read information about the repository such as branches, commit history and tags. Certain commands and options (such as [the `--merged` option of the `git tag` command](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-tag/2.7.0#git-tag---no-mergedltcommitgt) or bug fixes related to `git ls-files`) used by **semantic-release** are only available in Git version 2.7.1 and higher.

 ## What is npx?

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # Support

+- [Resources](resources.md) - Videos, articles and tutorials
 - [Frequently Asked Questions](FAQ.md)
 - [Troubleshooting](troubleshooting.md)
 - [Node version requirement](node-version.md)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Node Support Policy

-We only support [Long-Term Support](https://github.com/nodejs/Release) versions of Node starting with [Node 8.9.0 (LTS)](https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v8.9.0).
+We only support [Long-Term Support](https://github.com/nodejs/Release) versions of Node starting with [Node 14.17.0 (LTS)](https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v14.17.0).

 We specifically limit our support to LTS versions of Node, not because this package won't work on other versions, but because we have a limited amount of time, and supporting LTS offers the greatest return on that investment.

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 # Node version requirement

-**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which requires **requires Node version 8.3 or higher**.
+**semantic-release** is written using the latest [ECMAScript 2017](https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm) features, without transpilation which requires **requires Node version 14.17 or higher**.

-**semantic-release** is meant to be used in a CI environment as a development support tool, not as a production dependency. Therefore the only constraint is to run the `semantic-release` in a CI environment providing Node 8 or higher.
+**semantic-release** is meant to be used in a CI environment as a development support tool, not as a production dependency. Therefore the only constraint is to run the `semantic-release` in a CI environment providing Node 14.17 or higher.

 See our [Node Support Policy](node-support-policy.md) for our long-term promise regarding Node version support.

 ## Recommended solution

-### Run at least one CI job with Node >= 8.3
+### Run at least one CI job with Node >= 14.17

-The recommended approach is to run the `semantic-release` command from a CI job running on Node 8.3 or higher. This can either be a job used by your project to test on Node >= 8.3 or a dedicated job for the release steps.
+The recommended approach is to run the `semantic-release` command from a CI job running on Node 14.17 or higher.
+This can either be a job used by your project to test on Node >= 14.17 or a dedicated job for the release steps.

 See [CI configuration](../usage/ci-configuration.md) and [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details.

@@ -18,18 +19,19 @@ See [CI configuration](../usage/ci-configuration.md) and [CI configuration recip

 ### Use `npx`

-`npx` is included with npm >= 5.2 and can be used to download the latest [Node 8 package published on npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node). Use it to execute the `semantic-release` command.
+`npx` is included with npm >= 5.2 and can be used to download the latest [Node 14 package published on npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node).
+Use it to execute the `semantic-release` command.

 ```bash
-$ npx -p node@8 -c "npx semantic-release"
+$ npx -p node@14 -c "npx semantic-release"
 ```

 **Note:**: See [What is npx](./FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.

 ### Use `nvm`

-If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can use it to switch to Node 8 before running the `semantic-release` command.
+If your CI environment provides [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm) you can use it to switch to Node 14.17 before running the `semantic-release` command.

 ```bash
-$ nvm install 8 && npx semantic-release
+$ nvm install 14.17 && npx semantic-release
 ```
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Resources
+
+## Videos
+
+- ["Introducing Reliable Dependency and Release Management for npm Packages" - Gregor Martynus](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2RJWLcfzwc)
+- ["Kill all humans" - Jan Lehnardt](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXyx_1kN1L8&t=2s)
+- ["Publishing JavaScript Packages" - JavaScript Air](https://javascriptair.com/episodes/2016-07-20)
+- ["Managing Dependencies like a boss 😎" - JavaScript Air](https://javascriptair.com/episodes/2016-08-17)
+- ["Dependency Hell Just Froze Over" - Stephan Bönnemann](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PA139CERNbc)
+- ["semantic-release Q&A with Kent C. Dodds"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6y3DnhkjrI)
+- ["We fail to follow SemVer – and why it needn’t matter" - Stephan Bönnemann](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tc2UgG5L7WM)
+
+## Articles
+
+- ["Introduction to SemVer" - Irina Gebauer](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semver-d272990c44f2)
+- ["Introduction to Semantic Release" - liv](https://blog.greenkeeper.io/introduction-to-semantic-release-33f73b117c8)
+- ["Series - Semantic Release Automation" - Abdelrahman Wahdan](https://dev.to/abdelrahmanahmed/semantic-release-and-how-to-automate-it-part-1-4pa2)
+- ["Explain semantic release and how to use it on GitLab pipeline"](https://regoo707.medium.com/auto-bump-apps-versions-and-releases-using-gitlab-pipeline-e32f1d7fa3ee)
+
+## Tutorials
+
+- ["How to Write a JavaScript Library - Automating Releases with semantic-release" – egghead.io](https://egghead.io/lessons/javascript-automating-releases-with-semantic-release)
@@ -1,46 +1,69 @@
 # Troubleshooting

-## ENOTINHISTORY Commit not in history
-
-This error happens when the commit associated with the last release cannot be found in the branch history.
-
-Multiple situation can cause this issue:
- The package name configured in your `package.json` already exists and **semantic-release** obtains the last release of that package, which is unrelated to yours
- The commit history has been rewritten since the last release (with `git rebase` and `git push -f`)
-
-If the package name configured in your `package.json` already exits, you should change it, and commit the `package.json`. Then **semantic-release** will proceed normally and make the initial release.
-
-If you can identify the commit in your branch history that should be associated with the release version mentioned in the error message you can recover by tagging this commit:
-
-```bash
-$ git tag -f v<version of the last release> <commit sha1 corresponding to last release>
-$ git push -f --tags origin <your release branch>
-```
-
-## ENOGITHEAD There is no commit associated with last release
-
-This error happens when there is no commit associated with the last release that can be found in the package metadata on the npm registry.
-
-This usually happen when the last release has been made without access to the git repository informations.
-
-You can recover from that issue by identifying the commit in your branch history that should have been associated with the release version mentioned in the error message and tagging this commit:
-
-```bash
-$ git tag -f v<version of the last release> <commit sha1 corresponding to last release>
-$ git push -f --tags origin <your release branch>
-```
-
 ## You do not have permission to publish 'package-name'

-When running semantic-release you may encounter the following error:
+When running semantic-release you might encounter the following error:

-```
-An error occurred while running semantic-release: { Error: Command failed: npm publish ./. --registry https://registry.npmjs.org/
+```bash
 npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403
 npm ERR! code E403
 npm ERR! You do not have permission to publish "<package-name>". Are you logged in as the correct user? : <package-name>
 ```

-This message is a little unclear, and might not have anything to with your `NPM_TOKEN` or authentication method. It might instead be related to the package name itself. If there is already a package with the same name as yours or, there is a very close match, it could trigger this error.
+This is most likely related to a misconfiguration of the [npm registry authentication](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#npm-registry-authentication) or to your user [missing permission](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/team) for publishing.

-Best way to be sure, is to search [npmjs.org](https://www.npmjs.com/)) using your package name. If there is a name conflict, rename your package in your `package.json`
+It might also happen if the package name you are trying to publish already exists (in the case of npm, you may be trying to publish a new version of a package that is not yours, hence the permission error).
+
+To verify if your package name is available you can use [npm-name-cli](https://github.com/sindresorhus/npm-name-cli):
+```bash
+$ npm install --global npm-name-cli
+$ npm-name <package-name>
+```
+
+If the package name is not available, change it in your `package.json` or consider using an [npm scope](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scope).
+
+## Squashed commits are ignored by **semantic-release**
+
+**semantic-release** parses commits according to a [commit message convention](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release#commit-message-format) to figure out how they affect the codebase. Commits that doesn't follow the project's commit message convention are simply ignored.
+
+When [squashing commits](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#_squashing) most Git tools will by default generate a new commit message with a summary of the squashed commits. This commit message will most likely not be compliant with the project's commit message convention and therefore will be ignored by **semantic-release**.
+
+When squashing commits make sure to rewrite the resulting commit message to be compliant with the project's commit message convention.
+
+**Note**: if the resulting squashed commit would encompasses multiple changes (for example multiple unrelated features or fixes) then it's probably not a good idea to squash those commits together. A commit should contain exactly one self-contained functional change and a functional change should be contained in exactly one commit. See [atomic commits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_commit).
+
+## `reference already exists` error when pushing tag
+
+**semantic-release** read [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) that are present in the history of your release branch in order to determine the last release published. Then it determines the next version to release based on the commits pushed since then and create the corresponding tag.
+If a tag with the name already in your repository, Git will throw and error as tags must be unique across the repository.
+This situation happens when you have a version tag identical to the new one **semantic-release** is trying to create that is not in the history of the current branch.
+
+If an actual release with that version number was published you need to merge all the commits up to that release into your release branch.
+
+If there is no published release with that version number, the tag must be deleted.
+
+```bash
+# Verify if the commit exists in the repository
+$ git rev-list -1 <tag name>
+# If a commit sha is returned, then the tag exists
+
+# Verify the branches having the tagged commit in their history
+$ git branch --contains <tag name>
+
+# Delete the tag
+$ git tag -d <tag name>
+$ git push origin :refs/tags/<tag name>
+```
+
+## release not found release branch after `git push --force`
+
+**semantic-release** is using both [git tags](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-tag) and [git notes](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-notes) to store information about which releases happened in which branch.
+
+After a git history rewrite due to a `git push --force`, the git tags and notes referencing the commits that were rewritten are lost.
+
+To recover from that situation, do the following:
+
+1. Delete the tag(s) for the release(s) that have been lost from the git history. You can delete each tag from remote using `git push origin :[TAG NAME]`, e.g. `git push origin :v2.0.0-beta.1`. You can delete tags locally using `git tag -d [TAG NAME]`, e.g. `git tag -d v2.0.0-beta.1`.
+2. Re-create the tags locally: `git tag [TAG NAME] [COMMIT HASH]`, where `[COMMIT HASH]` is the new commit that created the release for the lost tag. E.g. `git tag v2.0.0-beta.1 abcdef0`
+3. Re-create the git notes for each release tag, e.g. `git notes --ref semantic-release add -f -m '{"channels":["beta"]}' v2.0.0-beta.1`. If the release was also published in the default channel (usually `master`), then set the first channel to `null`, e.g. `git notes --ref semantic-release add -f -m '{"channels":[null, "beta"]}'
+4. Push the local notes: `git push --force origin refs/notes/semantic-release`. The `--force` is needed after the rebase. Be careful.
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 # Usage

+- [Getting started](getting-started.md#getting-started)
 - [Installation](installation.md#installation)
 - [CI Configuration](ci-configuration.md#ci-configuration)
 - [Configuration](configuration.md#configuration)
 - [Plugins](plugins.md)
+- [Workflow configuration](workflow-configuration.md)
 - [Shareable configurations](shareable-configurations.md)
@@ -2,25 +2,37 @@

 ## Run `semantic-release` only after all tests succeeded

-The `semantic-release` command must be executed only after all the tests in the CI build pass. If the build runs multiple jobs (for example to test on multiple Operating Systems or Node versions) the CI has to be configured to guarantee that the `semantic-release` command is executed only after all jobs are successful. This can be achieved with [Travis Build Stages](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages), [CircleCI Workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows), [Codeship Deployment Pipelines](https://documentation.codeship.com/basic/builds-and-configuration/deployment-pipelines), [GitLab Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines.html#introduction-to-pipelines-and-jobs), [Wercker Workflows](http://devcenter.wercker.com/docs/workflows), [GoCD Pipelines](https://docs.gocd.org/current/introduction/concepts_in_go.html#pipeline) or specific tools like [`travis-deploy-once`](https://github.com/semantic-release/travis-deploy-once).
+The `semantic-release` command must be executed only after all the tests in the CI build pass. If the build runs multiple jobs (for example to test on multiple Operating Systems or Node versions) the CI has to be configured to guarantee that the `semantic-release` command is executed only after all jobs are successful.
+Here is a few example of the CI services that can be used to achieve this:
+- [Travis Build Stages](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-stages)
+- [CircleCI Workflows](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/workflows)
+- [GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions)
+- [Codeship Deployment Pipelines](https://documentation.codeship.com/basic/builds-and-configuration/deployment-pipelines)
+- [GitLab Pipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/introduction/)
+- [Codefresh Pipelines](https://codefresh.io/docs/docs/configure-ci-cd-pipeline/introduction-to-codefresh-pipelines)
+- [Wercker Workflows](http://devcenter.wercker.com/docs/workflows)
+- [GoCD Pipelines](https://docs.gocd.org/current/introduction/concepts_in_go.html#pipeline).

 See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details.

 ## Authentication

+### Push access to the remote repository
+
 **semantic-release** requires push access to the project Git repository in order to create [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). The Git authentication can be set with one of the following environment variables:

-| Variable                        | Description                                                                                                                   |
-|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| `GH_TOKEN` or `GITHUB_TOKEN`    | A GitHub [personal access token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line).     |
-| `GL_TOKEN` or `GITLAB_TOKEN`    | A GitLab [personal access token](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html).                        |
-| `BB_TOKEN` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN` | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html).  |
-| `GIT_CREDENTIALS`               | [URL encoded basic HTTP Authentication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_access_authentication#URL_encoding) credentials). |
-
-`GIT_CREDENTIALS` must be the Git username and password in the format `<username>:<password>`.
+| Variable                                              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `GH_TOKEN` or `GITHUB_TOKEN`                          | A GitHub [personal access token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line).                                                                                                    |
+| `GL_TOKEN` or `GITLAB_TOKEN`                          | A GitLab [personal access token](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/profile/personal_access_tokens.html).                                                                                                                       |
+| `BB_TOKEN` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN`                       | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html).                                                                                                 |
+| `BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH` or `BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH` | A Bitbucket [personal access token](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/personal-access-tokens-939515499.html) with basic auth support. For clearification `user:token` has to be the value of this env.        |
+| `GIT_CREDENTIALS`                                     | [URL encoded](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding) Git username and password in the format `<username>:<password>`. The username and password must each be individually URL encoded, not the `:` separating them. |

 Alternatively the Git authentication can be set up via [SSH keys](../recipes/git-auth-ssh-keys.md).

+### Authentication for plugins
+
 Most **semantic-release** [plugins](plugins.md) require setting up authentication in order to publish to a package manager registry. The default [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#environment-variables) and [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#environment-variables) plugins require the following environment variables:

 | Variable    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
@@ -28,23 +40,10 @@ Most **semantic-release** [plugins](plugins.md) require setting up authenticatio
 | `NPM_TOKEN` | npm token created via [npm token create](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/working_with_tokens#how-to-create-new-tokens).<br/>**Note**: Only the `auth-only` [level of npm two-factor authentication](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/using-two-factor-authentication#levels-of-authentication) is supported. |
 | `GH_TOKEN`  | GitHub authentication token.<br/>**Note**: Only the [personal token](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line) authentication is supported.                                                                                                                                 |

-See each plugin documentation for the environment variables to set up.
+See each plugin's documentation for the environment variables required.

 The authentication token/credentials have to be made available in the CI service via environment variables.

 See [CI configuration recipes](../recipes/README.md#ci-configurations) for more details on how to configure environment variables in your CI service.

-## Automatic setup with `semantic-release-cli`
-
-[`semantic-release-cli`](https://github.com/semantic-release/cli) allows for easy [installation](installation.md) of **semantic-release** in your Node project as well as setting up the CI configuration:
-
-```bash
-npm install -g semantic-release-cli
-
-cd your-module
-semantic-release-cli setup
-```
-
-![dialogue](../../media/semantic-release-cli.png)
-
-See the [semantic-release-cli](https://github.com/semantic-release/cli#what-it-does) documentation for more details.
+**Note**: The environment variables `GH_TOKEN`, `GITHUB_TOKEN`, `GL_TOKEN` and `GITLAB_TOKEN` can be used for both the Git authentication and the API authentication required by [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github) and [@semantic-release/gitlab](https://github.com/semantic-release/gitlab).
@@ -1,71 +1,87 @@
 # Configuration

-In order to customize **semantic-release**’s behavior, [options](#options) and [plugins](plugins.md) can be set via:
+**semantic-release** configuration consists of:
+- Git repository ([URL](#repositoryurl) and options [release branches](#branches) and [tag format](#tagformat))
+- Plugins [declaration](#plugins) and options
+- Run mode ([debug](#debug), [dry run](#dryrun) and [local (no CI)](#ci))
+
+All of these options can be configured through config file, CLI arguments or by extending a [shareable configuration](shareable-configurations.md).
+
+Additionally, metadata of Git tags generated by **semantic-release** can be customized via standard [Git environment variables](#git-environment-variables).
+
+## Configuration file
+
+**semantic-release**’s [options](#options), mode and [plugins](plugins.md) can be set via either:
 - A `.releaserc` file, written in YAML or JSON, with optional extensions: .`yaml`/`.yml`/`.json`/`.js`
 - A `release.config.js` file that exports an object
 - A `release` key in the project's `package.json` file
- CLI arguments

-The following two examples are the same.
+Alternatively, some options can be set via CLI arguments.

-Via CLI argument:
-
-```bash
-$ semantic-release --branch next
-```
-
-Via `release` key in the project's `package.json` file:
+The following three examples are the same.

+- Via `release` key in the project's `package.json` file:
 ```json
-"release": {
-  "branch": "next"
+{
+  "release": {
+    "branches": ["master", "next"]
+  }
 }
 ```
+
+- Via `.releaserc` file:
+```json
+{
+  "branches": ["master", "next"]
+}
+```
+
+- Via CLI argument:
 ```bash
-$ semantic-release
+$ semantic-release --branches next
 ```

 **Note**: CLI arguments take precedence over options configured in the configuration file.

 **Note**: Plugin options cannot be defined via CLI arguments and must be defined in the configuration file.

-## Environment variables
-
-| Variable              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Default                              |
-|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
-| `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`     | The author name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).     | @semantic-release-bot.               |
-| `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`    | The author email associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).    | @semantic-release-bot email address. |
-| `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`  | The committer name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).  | @semantic-release-bot.               |
-| `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL` | The committer email associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing). | @semantic-release-bot email address. |
+**Note**: When configuring via `package.json`, the configuration must be under the `release` property. However, when using a `.releaserc` or a `release.config.js` file, the configuration must be set without a `release` property.

 ## Options

 ### extends

-Type: `Array`, `String`
-
+Type: `Array`, `String`<br>
 CLI arguments: `-e`, `--extends`

 List of modules or file paths containing a [shareable configuration](shareable-configurations.md). If multiple shareable configurations are set, they will be imported in the order defined with each configuration option taking precedence over the options defined in a previous shareable configuration.

 **Note**: Options defined via CLI arguments or in the configuration file will take precedence over the ones defined in any shareable configuration.

-### branch
+### branches

-Type: `String`
+Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`<br>
+Default: `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next', 'next-major', {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}, {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true}]`<br>
+CLI arguments: `--branches`

-Default: `master`
+The branches on which releases should happen. By default **semantic-release** will release:
+- regular releases to the default distribution channel from the branch `master`
+- regular releases to a distribution channel matching the branch name from any existing branch with a name matching a maintenance release range (`N.N.x` or `N.x.x` or `N.x` with `N` being a number)
+- regular releases to the `next` distribution channel from the branch `next` if it exists
+- regular releases  to the `next-major` distribution channel from the branch `next-major` if it exists
+- prereleases to the `beta` distribution channel from the branch `beta` if it exists
+- prereleases to the `alpha` distribution channel from the branch `alpha` if it exists

-CLI arguments: `-b`, `--branch`
+**Note**: If your repository does not have a release branch, then **semantic-release** will fail with an `ERELEASEBRANCHES` error message. If you are using the default configuration, you can fix this error by pushing a `master` branch.

-The branch on which releases should happen.
+**Note**: Once **semantic-release** is configured, any user with the permission to push commits on one of those branches will be able to publish a release. It is recommended to protect those branches, for example with [GitHub protected branches](https://docs.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/about-protected-branches).
+
+See [Workflow configuration](workflow-configuration.md#workflow-configuration) for more details.

 ### repositoryUrl

-Type: `String`
-
-Default: `repository` property in `package.json` or [git origin url](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Working-with-Remotes)
-
+Type: `String`<br>
+Default: `repository` property in `package.json` or [git origin url](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Working-with-Remotes)<br>
 CLI arguments: `-r`, `--repository-url`

 The git repository URL.
@@ -74,138 +90,87 @@ Any valid git url format is supported (See [Git protocols](https://git-scm.com/b

 ### tagFormat

-Type: `String`
-
-Default: `v${version}`
-
+Type: `String`<br>
+Default: `v${version}`<br>
 CLI arguments: `-t`, `--tag-format`

 The [Git tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) format used by **semantic-release** to identify releases. The tag name is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) and will be compiled with the `version` variable.

 **Note**: The `tagFormat` must contain the `version` variable exactly once and compile to a [valid Git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).

+### plugins
+
+Type: `Array`<br>
+Default: `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer', '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator', '@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`<br>
+CLI arguments: `-p`, `--plugins`
+
+Define the list of plugins to use. Plugins will run in series, in the order defined, for each [steps](../../README.md#release-steps) if they implement it.
+
+Plugins configuration can defined by wrapping the name and an options object in an array.
+
+See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#plugins) for more details.
+
 ### dryRun

-Type: `Boolean`
-
-Default: `false` if running in a CI environment, `true` otherwise
-
+Type: `Boolean`<br>
+Default: `false` if running in a CI environment, `true` otherwise<br>
 CLI arguments: `-d`, `--dry-run`

-Dry-run mode, skip publishing, print next version and release notes.
+The objective of the dry-run mode is to get a preview of the pending release. Dry-run mode skips the following steps: prepare, publish, success and fail. In addition to this it prints the next version and release notes to the console.

-### noCi
+**Note**: The Dry-run mode verifies the repository push permission, even though nothing will be pushed. The verification is done to help user to figure out potential configuration issues.

-Type: `Boolean`
+### ci

-Default: `false`
+Type: `Boolean`<br>
+Default: `true`<br>
+CLI arguments: `--ci` / `--no-ci`

-CLI arguments: `--no-ci`
+Set to `false` to skip Continuous Integration environment verifications. This allows for making releases from a local machine.

-Skip Continuous Integration environment verifications. This allows for making releases from a local machine.
+**Note**: The CLI arguments `--no-ci` is equivalent to `--ci false`.

 ### debug

-Type: `Boolean`
-
-Default: `false`
-
+Type: `Boolean`<br>
+Default: `false`<br>
 CLI argument: `--debug`

-Output debugging information. It can also be enabled by setting the `DEBUG` environment variable to `semantic-release:*`.
+Output debugging information. This can also be enabled by setting the `DEBUG` environment variable to `semantic-release:*`.

-### verifyConditions
+**Note**: The `debug` is used only supported via CLI argument. To enable debug mode from the [JS API](../developer-guide/js-api.md#javascript-api) use `require('debug').enable('semantic-release:*')`.

-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
+## Git environment variables

-Default: `['@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
+| Variable              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Default                              |
+|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
+| `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`     | The author name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).     | @semantic-release-bot.               |
+| `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`    | The author email associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).    | @semantic-release-bot email address. |
+| `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`  | The committer name associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing).  | @semantic-release-bot.               |
+| `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL` | The committer email associated with the [Git release tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging). See [Git environment variables](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables#_committing). | @semantic-release-bot email address. |

-CLI argument: `--verify-conditions`
+## Existing version tags

-Define the list of [verify conditions plugins](plugins.md#verifyconditions-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
+**semantic-release** uses [Git tags](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) to determine the commits added since the last release.
+If a release has been published before setting up **semantic-release** you must make sure the most recent commit included in the last published release is in the [release branches](#branches) history and is tagged with the version released, formatted according to the [tag format](#tagformat) configured (defaults to `vx.y.z`).

-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
+If the previous releases were published with [`npm publish`](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/publish) this should already be the case.

-### analyzeCommits
+For example, if your release branch is `master`, the last release published on your project is `1.1.0` and the last commit included has the sha `1234567`, you must make sure this commit is in `master` history and is tagged with `v1.1.0`.

-Type: `String`, `Object`
+```bash
+# Make sure the commit 1234567 is in the release branch history
+$ git branch --contains 1234567

-Default: `['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer']`
+# If the commit is not in the branch history it means that either:
+# - you use a different branch than the one your release from before
+# - or the commit sha has been rewritten (with git rebase)
+# In both cases you need to configure your repository to have the last release commit in the history of the release branch

-CLI argument: `--analyze-commits`
+# List the tags for the commit 1234567
+$ git tag --contains 1234567

-Define the [analyze commits plugin](plugins.md#analyzecommits-plugin).
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### verifyRelease
-
-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `[]`
-
-CLI argument: `--verify-release`
-
-Define the list of [verify release plugins](plugins.md#verifyrelease-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### generateNotes
-
-Type: `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `['@semantic-release/release-notes-generator']`
-
-CLI argument: `--generate-notes`
-
-Define the [generate notes plugin](plugins.md#generatenotes-plugin).
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### prepare
-
-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `['@semantic-release/npm']`
-
-CLI argument: `--prepare`
-
-Define the list of [prepare plugins](plugins.md#prepare-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### publish
-
-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `['@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github']`
-
-CLI argument: `--publish`
-
-Define the list of [publish plugins](plugins.md#publish-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### success
-
-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `['@semantic-release/github']`
-
-CLI argument: `--success`
-
-Define the list of [success plugins](plugins.md#success-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
-
-### fail
-
-Type: `Array`, `String`, `Object`
-
-Default: `['@semantic-release/github']`
-
-CLI argument: `--fail`
-
-Define the list of [fail plugins](plugins.md#fail-plugin). Plugins will run in series, in the order defined in the `Array`.
-
-See [Plugins configuration](plugins.md#configuration) for more details.
+# If v1.1.0 is not in the list you add it with
+$ git tag v1.1.0 1234567
+$ git push origin v1.1.0
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Getting started
+
+In order to use **semantic-release** you must follow these steps:
+
+1. [Install](./installation.md#installation) **semantic-release** in your project
+2. Configure your Continuous Integration service to [run **semantic-release**](./ci-configuration.md#run-semantic-release-only-after-all-tests-succeeded)
+3. Configure your Git repository and package manager repository [authentication](ci-configuration.md#authentication) in your Continuous Integration service
+4. Configure **semantic-release** [options and plugins](./configuration.md#configuration)
+
+Alternatively those steps can be easily done with the [**semantic-release** interactive CLI](https://github.com/semantic-release/cli):
+
+```bash
+cd your-module
+npx semantic-release-cli setup
+```
+
+![dialogue](../../media/semantic-release-cli.png)
+
+See the [semantic-release-cli](https://github.com/semantic-release/cli#what-it-does) documentation for more details.
+
+**Note**: only a limited number of options, CI services and plugins are currently supported by `semantic-release-cli`.
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ For other type of projects we recommend installing **semantic-release** directly
 $ npx semantic-release
 ```

-**Note:** For a global installation, it's recommended to specify the major **semantic-release** version to install (for example with with `npx semantic-release@12`, or `npm install -g semantic-release@12`). This way your build will not automatically use the next major **semantic-release** release that could possibly break your build. You will have to upgrade manually when a new major version is released.
+**Note**: For a global installation, it's recommended to specify the major **semantic-release** version to install (for example with with `npx semantic-release@18`).
+This way your build will not automatically use the next major **semantic-release** release that could possibly break your build. You will have to upgrade manually when a new major version is released.

-**Note:** `npx` is a tool bundled with `npm@>=5.2.0`. It is used to conveniently install the semantic-release binary and to execute it. See [What is npx](../support/FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.
+**Note**: `npx` is a tool bundled with `npm@>=5.2.0`. It is used to conveniently install the semantic-release binary and to execute it. See [What is npx](../support/FAQ.md#what-is-npx) for more details.
@@ -1,98 +1,99 @@
 # Plugins

-Each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) is implemented within a plugin or a list of plugins that can be configured. This allows for support of different [commit message formats](../../README.md#commit-message-format), release note generators and publishing platforms.
+Each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) is implemented by configurable plugins. This allows for support of different [commit message formats](../../README.md#commit-message-format), release note generators and publishing platforms.

-See [plugins list](../extending/plugins-list.md).
+A plugin is a npm module that can implement one or more of the following steps:

-## Plugin types
+| Step               | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+|--------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `verifyConditions` | No       | Responsible for verifying conditions necessary to proceed with the release: configuration is correct, authentication token are valid, etc...                                                                         |
+| `analyzeCommits`   | Yes      | Responsible for determining the type of the next release (`major`, `minor` or `patch`). If multiple plugins with a `analyzeCommits` step are defined, the release type will be the highest one among plugins output. |
+| `verifyRelease`    | No       | Responsible for verifying the parameters (version, type, dist-tag etc...) of the release that is about to be published.                                                                                              |
+| `generateNotes`    | No       | Responsible for generating the content of the release note. If multiple plugins with a `generateNotes` step are defined, the release notes will be the result of the concatenation of each plugin output.            |
+| `prepare`          | No       | Responsible for preparing the release, for example creating or updating files such as `package.json`, `CHANGELOG.md`, documentation or compiled assets and pushing a commit.                                         |
+| `publish`          | No       | Responsible for publishing the release.                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `addChannel`       | No       | Responsible for adding a release channel (e.g. adding an npm dist-tag to a release).                                                                                                                                 |
+| `success`          | No       | Responsible for notifying of a new release.                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `fail`             | No       | Responsible for notifying of a failed release.                                                                                                                                                                       |

-### verifyConditions plugin
+Release steps will run in that order. At each step, **semantic-release** will run every plugin in the [`plugins` array](#plugins-declaration-and-execution-order), as long as the plugin implements the step.

-Responsible for verifying conditions necessary to proceed with the release: configuration is correct, authentication token are valid, etc...
+**Note:** If no plugin with a `analyzeCommits` step is defined `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer` will be used.

-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#verifyconditions) and [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#verifyconditions).
+## Plugins installation

-### analyzeCommits plugin
+### Default plugins

-Responsible for determining the type of the next release (`major`, `minor` or `patch`).
+These four plugins are already part of **semantic-release** and are listed in order of execution. They do not have to be installed separately:
+```
+"@semantic-release/commit-analyzer"
+"@semantic-release/release-notes-generator"
+"@semantic-release/npm"
+"@semantic-release/github"
+```

-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/commit-analyzer](https://github.com/semantic-release/commit-analyzer).
+### Additional plugins

-### verifyRelease plugin
+[Additional plugins](../extending/plugins-list.md) have to be installed via npm:

-Responsible for verifying the parameters (version, type, dist-tag etc...) of the release that is about to be published match certain expectations. For example the [cracks plugin](https://github.com/semantic-release/cracks) is able to verify that if a release contains breaking changes, its type must be `major`.
+```bash
+$ npm install @semantic-release/git @semantic-release/changelog -D
+```

-Default implementation: none.
+## Plugins declaration and execution order

-### generateNotes plugin
+Each plugin must be configured with the [`plugins` options](./configuration.md#plugins) by specifying the list of plugins by npm module name.

-Responsible for generating release notes.
-
-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/release-notes-generator](https://github.com/semantic-release/release-notes-generator).
-
-### prepare plugin
-
-Responsible for preparing the release, including:
- Creating or updating files such as `package.json`, `CHANGELOG.md`, documentation or compiled assets.
- Create and push commits
-
-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#prepare).
-
-### publish plugin
-
-Responsible for publishing the release.
-
-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/npm](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm#publish) and [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#publish).
-
-### success plugin
-
-Responsible for notifying of a new release.
-
-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#success).
-
-### fail plugin
-
-Responsible for notifying of a failed release.
-
-Default implementation: [@semantic-release/github](https://github.com/semantic-release/github#fail).
-
-## Configuration
-
-Plugin can be configured by specifying the plugin's module name or file path directly as a `String` or within the `path` key of an `Object`.
-
-Plugins specific options can be set similarly to the other **semantic-release** [options](configuration.md#options) or within the plugin `Object`. Plugins options defined along with the other **semantic-release** [options](configuration.md#options) will apply to all plugins. Options defined within the plugin `Object` will apply to that specific plugin.
-
-For example:
 ```json
 {
-  "release": {
-    "verifyConditions": [
-      {
-        "path": "@semantic-release/exec",
-        "cmd": "verify-conditions.sh"
-      },
-      "@semantic-release/npm",
-      "@semantic-release/github"
-    ],
-    "analyzeCommits": "custom-plugin",
-    "verifyRelease": [
-      {
-        "path": "@semantic-release/exec",
-        "cmd": "verify-release.sh"
-      },
-    ],
-    "generateNotes": "./build/my-plugin.js",
-    "githubUrl": "https://my-ghe.com",
-    "githubApiPathPrefix": "/api-prefix"
-  }
+  "plugins": ["@semantic-release/commit-analyzer", "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator", "@semantic-release/npm"]
+}
+```
+
+**Note:** If the `plugins` option is defined, it overrides the default plugin list, rather than merging with it.
+
+For each [release step](../../README.md#release-steps) the plugins that implement that step will be executed in the order in which they are defined.
+
+```json
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+    "@semantic-release/npm",
+    "@semantic-release/git"
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+With this configuration **semantic-release** will:
+- execute the `verifyConditions` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm` then `@semantic-release/git`
+- execute the `analyzeCommits` implementation of `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer`
+- execute the `generateNotes` implementation of `@semantic-release/release-notes-generator`
+- execute the `prepare` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm` then `@semantic-release/git`
+- execute the `publish` implementation of `@semantic-release/npm`
+
+Order is first determined by release steps (such as `verifyConditions` → `anayzeCommits`). At each release step, plugins are executed in the order in which they are defined.
+
+## Plugin options configuration
+
+A plugin configuration can be specified by wrapping the name and an options object in an array. Options configured this way will be passed only to that specific plugin.
+
+Global plugin configuration can be defined at the root of the **semantic-release** configuration object. Options configured this way will be passed to all plugins.
+
+```json
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+    ["@semantic-release/github", {
+      "assets": ["dist/**"]
+      }],
+    "@semantic-release/git"
+  ],
+  "preset": "angular"
 }
 ```

 With this configuration:
- the `custom-plugin` npm module will be used to [analyze commits](#analyzecommits-plugin)
- the `./build/my-plugin.js` script will be used to [generate release notes](#generatenotes-plugin)
- the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec),  [`@semantic-release/npm`](https://github.com/semantic-release/npm) and [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugins will be used to [verify conditions](#verifyconditions-plugin)
- the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin will be used to [verify the release](#verifyrelease-plugin)
- the `cmd` option will be set to `verify-conditions.sh` only for the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin used to [verify conditions](#verifyconditions-plugin)
- the `cmd` option will be set to `verify-release.sh` only for the [`@semantic-release/exec`](https://github.com/semantic-release/exec) plugin used to [verify the release](#verifyrelease-plugin)
- the `githubUrl` and `githubApiPathPrefix` options will be set to respectively `https://my-ghe.com` and `/api-prefix` for all plugins
+- All plugins will receive the `preset` option, which will be used by both `@semantic-release/commit-analyzer` and `@semantic-release/release-notes-generator` (and ignored by `@semantic-release/github` and `@semantic-release/git`)
+- The `@semantic-release/github` plugin will receive the `assets` options (`@semantic-release/git` will not receive it and therefore will use it's default value for that option)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Shareable configurations

-A sharable configuration is an [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) package that exports a **semantic-release** configuration object. It allows for use of the same configuration across several projects.
+A shareable configuration is an [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) package that exports a **semantic-release** configuration object. It allows for use of the same configuration across several projects.

 The shareable configurations to use can be set with the [extends](configuration.md#extends) option.

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# Workflow configuration
+
+**semantic-release** allow to manage and automate complex release workflow, based on multiple Git branches and distribution channels. This allow to:
+- Distributes certain releases to a particular group of users via distribution channels
+- Manage the availability of releases on distribution channels via branches merge
+- Maintain multiple lines of releases in parallel
+- Work on large future releases outside the normal flow of one version increment per Git push
+
+See [Release workflow recipes](../recipes/README.md#release-workflow) for detailed examples.
+
+The release workflow is configured via the [branches option](./configuration.md#branches) which accepts a single or an array of branch definitions.
+Each branch can be defined either as a string, a [glob](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features) or an object. For string and glob definitions each [property](#branches-properties) will be defaulted.
+
+A branch can defined as one of three types:
+- [release](#release-branches): to make releases on top of the last version released
+- [maintenance](#maintenance-branches): to make releases on top of an old release
+- [pre-release](#pre-release-branches): to make pre-releases
+
+The type of the branch is automatically determined based on naming convention and/or [properties](#branches-properties).
+
+## Branches properties
+
+| Property     | Branch type                               | Description                                                                                                                                                                             | Default                                                                                         |
+|--------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `name`       | All                                       | **Required.** The Git branch holding the commits to analyze and the code to release. See [name](#name).                                                                                 | - The value itself if defined as a `String` or the matching branches name if defined as a glob. |
+| `channel`    | All                                       | The distribution channel on which to publish releases from this branch. Set to `false` to force the default distribution channel instead of using the default. See [channel](#channel). | `undefined` for the first release branch, the value of `name` for subsequent ones.              |
+| `range`      | [maintenance](#maintenance-branches) only | **Required unless `name` is formatted like `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number).** The range of [semantic versions](https://semver.org) to support on this branch. See [range](#range).   | The value of `name`.                                                                            |
+| `prerelease` | [pre-release](#pre-release-branches) only | **Required.** The pre-release denotation to append to [semantic versions](https://semver.org) released from this branch. See [prerelease](#prerelease).                                 | -                                                                                               |
+
+### name
+
+A `name` is required for any type of branch.
+It can be defined as a [glob](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features) in which case the definition will be expanded to one per matching branch existing in the repository.
+
+If `name` doesn't match to any branch existing in the repository, the definition will be ignored. For example the default configuration includes the definition `next` and `next-major` which will become active only when the branches `next` and/or `next-major` are created in the repository. This allow to define your workflow once with all potential branches you might use and have the effective configuration evolving as you create new branches.
+
+For example the configuration `['+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x', 'master', 'next']` will be expanded as:
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    {name: '1.x', range: '1.x', channel: '1.x'}, // Only after the `1.x` is created in the repo
+    {name: '2.x', range: '2.x', channel: '2.x'}, // Only after the `2.x` is created in the repo
+    {name: 'master'},
+    {name: 'next', channel: 'next'}, // Only after the `next` is created in the repo
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### channel
+
+The `channel` can be defined for any branch type. By default releases will be done on the default distribution channel (for example the `@latest` [dist-tag](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag) for npm) for the first [release branch](#release-branches) and on a distribution channel named based on the branch `name` for any other branch.
+If the `channel` property is set to `false` the default channel will be used.
+
+The value of `channel`, if defined as a string, is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the variable `name` available.
+
+For example the configuration `['master', {name: 'next', channel: 'channel-${name}'}]` will be expanded as:
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    {name: 'master'}, // `channel` is undefined so the default distribution channel will be used
+    {name: 'next', channel: 'channel-next'}, // `channel` is built with the template `channel-${name}`
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### range
+
+A `range` only applies to maintenance branches, is required and must be formatted like `N.N.x` or `N.x` (`N` is a number). In case the `name` is formatted as a range (for example `1.x` or `1.5.x`) the branch will be considered a maintenance branch and the `name` value will be used for the `range`.
+
+For example the configuration `['1.1.x', '1.2.x', 'master']` will be expanded as:
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    {name: '1.1.x', range: '1.1.x', channel: '1.1.x'},
+    {name: '1.2.x', range: '1.2.x', channel: '1.2.x'},
+    {name: 'master'},
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### prerelease
+
+A `prerelease` property applies only to pre-release branches and the `prerelease` value must be valid per the [Semantic Versioning Specification](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9). It will determine the name of versions (for example if `prerelease` is set to `beta` the version be formatted like `2.0.0-beta.1`, `2.0.0-beta.2` etc...).
+If the `prerelease` property is set to `true` the `name` value will be used.
+
+The value of `prerelease`, if defined as a string, is generated with [Lodash template](https://lodash.com/docs#template) with the variable `name` available.
+
+For example the configuration `['master', {name: 'pre/rc', prerelease: '${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, "")}'}, {name: 'beta', prerelease: true}]` will be expanded as:
+```js
+{
+  branches: [
+    {name: 'master'},
+    {name: 'pre/rc', channel: 'pre/rc', prerelease: 'rc'}, // `prerelease` is built with the template `${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, "")}`
+    {name: 'beta', channel: 'beta', prerelease: 'beta'}, // `prerelease` is set to `beta` as it is the value of `name`
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+## Branch types
+
+### Release branches
+
+A release branch is the base type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [semantic version](https://semver.org), optionally on a specific distribution channel. Distribution channels (for example [npm dist-tags](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/dist-tag) or [Chrome release channels](https://www.chromium.org/getting-involved/dev-channel)) are a way to distribute new releases only to a subset of users in order to get early feedback. Later on, those releases can be added to the general distribution channel to be made available to all users.
+
+**semantic-release** will automatically add releases to the corresponding distribution channel when code is [merged from a release branch to another](#merging-into-a-release-branch).
+
+A project must define a minimum of 1 release branch and can have a maximum of 3. The order of the release branch definitions is significant, as versions released on a given branch must always be higher than the last release made on the previous branch. This allow to avoid situation that would lead to an attempt to publish releases with the same version number but different codebase. When multiple release branches are configured and a commit that would create a version conflict is pushed, **semantic-release** will not perform the release and will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error, listing the problematic commits and the valid branches on which to move them.
+
+**Note:** With **semantic-release** as with most package managers, a release version must be unique, independently of the distribution channel on which it is available.
+
+See [publishing on distribution channels recipe](../recipes/distribution-channels.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", "next"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` and the last one from `next` is `2.0.0` then:
+- Only versions in range `1.x.x` can be published from `master`, so only `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `master`
+- Once `next` get merged into `master` the release `2.0.0` will be made available on the channel associated with `master` and both `master` and `next` will accept any commit type
+
+This verification prevent scenario such as:
+1. Create a `feat` commit on `next` which triggers the release of version `1.0.0` on the `next` channel
+2. Merge `next` into `master` which adds `1.0.0` on the default channel
+3. Create a `feat` commit on `next` which triggers the release of version `1.1.0` on the `next` channel
+4. Create a `feat` commit on `master` which would attempt to release the version `1.1.0` on the default channel
+
+In step 4 **semantic-release** will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error to prevent the attempt at releasing version `1.1.0` which was already released on step 3 with a different codebase. The error will indicate that the commit should be created on `next` instead. Alternatively if the `next` branch is merged into `master`, the version `1.1.0` will be made available on the default channel and the `feat` commit would be allowed on `master` to release `1.2.0`.
+
+#### Merging into a release branch
+
+When merging commits associated with a release from one release branch to another, **semantic-release** will make the corresponding version available on the channel associated with the target branch.
+
+When merging commits not associated with a release, commits from a [maintenance branch](#maintenance-branches) or commits from a [pre-release branch](#pre-release-branches) **semantic-release** will treat them as [pushed commits](#pushing-to-a-release-branch) and publish a new release if necessary.
+
+### Maintenance branches
+
+A maintenance branch is a type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [semantic version](https://semver.org) on top of the codebase of an old release. This is useful when you need to provide fixes or features to users who cannot upgrade to the last version of your package.
+
+A maintenance branch is characterized by a range which defines the versions that can be published from it. The [`range`](#range) value of each maintenance branch must be unique across the project.
+
+**semantic-release** will always publish releases to a distribution channel specific to the range, so only the users who choose to use that particular line of versions will receive new releases.
+
+Maintenance branches are always considered lower than [release branches](#release-branches) and similarly to them, when a commit that would create a version conflict is pushed, **semantic-release** will not perform the release and will throw an `EINVALIDNEXTVERSION` error, listing the problematic commits and the valid branches on which to move them.
+
+**semantic-release** will automatically add releases to the corresponding distribution channel when code is [merged from a release or maintenance branch to another maintenance branch](#merging-into-a-maintenance-branch), however only versions within the branch `range` can be merged. If a merged version is outside the maintenance branch `range`, **semantic-release** will not add to the corresponding channel and will throw an `EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE` error.
+
+See [publishing maintenance releases recipe](../recipes/maintenance-releases.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a maintenance branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["1.0.x", "1.x", "master"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.5.0` then:
+- Only versions in range `>=1.0.0 <1.1.0` can be published from `1.0.x`, so only `fix` commits can be pushed to `1.0.x`
+- Only versions in range `>=1.1.0 <1.5.0` can be published from `1.x`, so only `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `1.x` as long the resulting release is lower than `1.5.0`
+- Once `2.0.0` is released from `master`, versions in range `>=1.1.0 <2.0.0` can be published from `1.x`, so any number of `fix` and `feat` commits can be pushed to `1.x`
+
+#### Merging into a maintenance branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["1.0.x", "1.x", "master"]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` then:
+- Creating the branch `1.0.x` from `master` will make the `1.0.0` release available on the `1.0.x` distribution channel
+- Pushing a `fix` commit on the `1.0.x` branch will release the version `1.0.1` on the `1.0.x` distribution channel
+- Creating the branch `1.x` from `master` will make the `1.0.0` release available on the `1.x` distribution channel
+- Merging the branch `1.0.x` into `1.x` will make the version `1.0.1` available on the `1.x` distribution channel
+
+### Pre-release branches
+
+A pre-release branch is a type of branch used by **semantic-release** that allows to publish releases with a [pre-release version](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9).
+Using a pre-release version allow to publish multiple releases with the same version. Those release will be differentiated via their identifiers (in `1.0.0-alpha.1` the identifier is `alpha.1`).
+This is useful when you need to work on a future major release that will include many breaking changes but you do not want to increment the version number for each breaking change commit.
+
+A pre-release branch is characterized by the `prerelease` property that defines the static part of the version released (in `1.0.0-alpha.1` the static part fo the identifier is `alpha`). The [`prerelease`](#prerelease) value of each pre-release branch must be unique across the project.
+
+**semantic-release** will always publish pre-releases to a specific distribution channel, so only the users who choose to use that particular line of versions will receive new releases.
+
+When merging commits associated with an existing release, **semantic-release** will treat them as [pushed commits](#pushing-to-a-pre-release-branch) and publish a new release if necessary, but it will never add those releases to the distribution channel corresponding to the pre-release branch.
+
+See [publishing pre-releases recipe](../recipes/pre-releases.md) for a detailed example.
+
+#### Pushing to a pre-release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", {"name": "beta", "prerelease": true}]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` then:
+- Pushing a `BREAKING CHANGE` commit on the `beta` branch will release the version `2.0.0-beta.1` on the `beta` distribution channel
+- Pushing either a `fix`, `feat` or a `BREAKING CHANGE` commit on the `beta` branch will release the version `2.0.0-beta.2` (then `2.0.0-beta.3`, `2.0.0-beta.4`, etc...) on the `beta` distribution channel
+
+#### Merging into a pre-release branch
+
+With the configuration `"branches": ["master", {"name": "beta", "prerelease": true}]`, if the last release published from `master` is `1.0.0` and the last one published from `beta` is `2.0.0-beta.1` then:
+- Pushing a `fix` commit on the `master` branch will release the version `1.0.1` on the default distribution channel
+- Merging the branch `master` into `beta` will release the version `2.0.0-beta.2` on the `beta` distribution channel
@@ -1,164 +1,229 @@
-const {template, isPlainObject, castArray} = require('lodash');
-const marked = require('marked');
-const TerminalRenderer = require('marked-terminal');
-const envCi = require('env-ci');
-const hookStd = require('hook-std');
-const pkg = require('./package.json');
-const hideSensitive = require('./lib/hide-sensitive');
-const getConfig = require('./lib/get-config');
-const verify = require('./lib/verify');
-const getNextVersion = require('./lib/get-next-version');
-const getCommits = require('./lib/get-commits');
-const getLastRelease = require('./lib/get-last-release');
-const {extractErrors} = require('./lib/utils');
-const getGitAuthUrl = require('./lib/get-git-auth-url');
-const logger = require('./lib/logger');
-const {unshallow, verifyAuth, isBranchUpToDate, gitHead: getGitHead, tag, push} = require('./lib/git');
-const getError = require('./lib/get-error');
-const {COMMIT_NAME, COMMIT_EMAIL} = require('./lib/definitions/constants');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {pick} = lodash
+import marked from 'marked';
+import TerminalRenderer from 'marked-terminal';
+import envCi from 'env-ci';
+import hookStd from 'hook-std';
+import semver from 'semver';
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';
+import pkg from './package.json';
+import hideSensitive from './lib/hide-sensitive';
+import getConfig from './lib/get-config';
+import verify from './lib/verify';
+import getNextVersion from './lib/get-next-version';
+import getCommits from './lib/get-commits';
+import getLastRelease from './lib/get-last-release';
+import getReleaseToAdd from './lib/get-release-to-add';
+import {extractErrors, makeTag} from './lib/utils';
+import getGitAuthUrl from './lib/get-git-auth-url';
+import getBranches from './lib/branches';
+import getLogger from './lib/get-logger';
+
+import {verifyAuth, isBranchUpToDate, getGitHead, tag, push, pushNotes, getTagHead, addNote} from './lib/git';
+
+import getError from './lib/get-error';
+import {COMMIT_NAME, COMMIT_EMAIL} from './lib/definitions/constants';

 marked.setOptions({renderer: new TerminalRenderer()});

-async function run(options, plugins) {
-  const {isCi, branch, isPr} = envCi();
+/* eslint complexity: off */
+async function run(context, plugins) {
+  const {cwd, env, options, logger} = context;
+  const {isCi, branch, prBranch, isPr} = context.envCi;
+  const ciBranch = isPr ? prBranch : branch;

  if (!isCi && !options.dryRun && !options.noCi) {
-    logger.log('This run was not triggered in a known CI environment, running in dry-run mode.');
+    logger.warn('This run was not triggered in a known CI environment, running in dry-run mode.');
    options.dryRun = true;
  } else {
    // When running on CI, set the commits author and commiter info and prevent the `git` CLI to prompt for username/password. See #703.
-    process.env = {
+    Object.assign(env, {
      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: COMMIT_NAME,
      GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: COMMIT_EMAIL,
      GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: COMMIT_NAME,
      GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL: COMMIT_EMAIL,
-      ...process.env,
+      ...env,
      GIT_ASKPASS: 'echo',
      GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT: 0,
-    };
+    });
  }

  if (isCi && isPr && !options.noCi) {
    logger.log("This run was triggered by a pull request and therefore a new version won't be published.");
-    return;
+    return false;
  }

-  if (branch !== options.branch) {
+  // Verify config
+  await verify(context);
+
+  options.repositoryUrl = await getGitAuthUrl({...context, branch: {name: ciBranch}});
+  context.branches = await getBranches(options.repositoryUrl, ciBranch, context);
+  context.branch = context.branches.find(({name}) => name === ciBranch);
+
+  if (!context.branch) {
    logger.log(
-      `This test run was triggered on the branch ${branch}, while semantic-release is configured to only publish from ${
-        options.branch
-      }, therefore a new version won’t be published.`
+      `This test run was triggered on the branch ${ciBranch}, while semantic-release is configured to only publish from ${context.branches
+        .map(({name}) => name)
+        .join(', ')}, therefore a new version won’t be published.`
    );
    return false;
  }

-  await verify(options);
-
-  const {repositoryUrl} = options;
-  options.repositoryUrl = await getGitAuthUrl(options);
-
-  if (!(await isBranchUpToDate(options.branch))) {
-    logger.log(
-      "The local branch %s is behind the remote one, therefore a new version won't be published.",
-      options.branch
-    );
-    return false;
-  }
+  logger[options.dryRun ? 'warn' : 'success'](
+    `Run automated release from branch ${ciBranch} on repository ${options.repositoryUrl}${
+      options.dryRun ? ' in dry-run mode' : ''
+    }`
+  );

  try {
-    await verifyAuth(options.repositoryUrl, options.branch);
-  } catch (err) {
-    logger.error(`The command "${err.cmd}" failed with the error message %s.`, err.stderr);
-    throw getError('EGITNOPERMISSION', {options, repositoryUrl});
+    try {
+      await verifyAuth(options.repositoryUrl, context.branch.name, {cwd, env});
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (!(await isBranchUpToDate(options.repositoryUrl, context.branch.name, {cwd, env}))) {
+        logger.log(
+          `The local branch ${context.branch.name} is behind the remote one, therefore a new version won't be published.`
+        );
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      throw error;
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    logger.error(`The command "${error.command}" failed with the error message ${error.stderr}.`);
+    throw getError('EGITNOPERMISSION', context);
  }

-  logger.log('Run automated release from branch %s', options.branch);
+  logger.success(`Allowed to push to the Git repository`);

-  logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'verify-conditions');
-  await plugins.verifyConditions({options, logger}, {settleAll: true});
+  await plugins.verifyConditions(context);

-  // Unshallow the repo in order to get all the tags
-  await unshallow(options.repositoryUrl);
+  const errors = [];
+  context.releases = [];
+  const releaseToAdd = getReleaseToAdd(context);

-  const lastRelease = await getLastRelease(options.tagFormat, logger);
-  const commits = await getCommits(lastRelease.gitHead, options.branch, logger);
+  if (releaseToAdd) {
+    const {lastRelease, currentRelease, nextRelease} = releaseToAdd;

-  logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'analyze-commits');
-  const type = await plugins.analyzeCommits({
-    options,
-    logger,
-    lastRelease,
-    commits: commits.filter(commit => !/\[skip\s+release\]|\[release\s+skip\]/i.test(commit.message)),
-  });
-  if (!type) {
+    nextRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(nextRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+    currentRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(currentRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+    if (context.branch.mergeRange && !semver.satisfies(nextRelease.version, context.branch.mergeRange)) {
+      errors.push(getError('EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE', {...context, nextRelease}));
+    } else {
+      const commits = await getCommits({...context, lastRelease, nextRelease});
+      nextRelease.notes = await plugins.generateNotes({...context, commits, lastRelease, nextRelease});
+
+      if (options.dryRun) {
+        logger.warn(`Skip ${nextRelease.gitTag} tag creation in dry-run mode`);
+      } else {
+        await addNote({channels: [...currentRelease.channels, nextRelease.channel]}, nextRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+        await push(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+        await pushNotes(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+        logger.success(
+          `Add ${nextRelease.channel ? `channel ${nextRelease.channel}` : 'default channel'} to tag ${
+            nextRelease.gitTag
+          }`
+        );
+      }
+
+      context.branch.tags.push({
+        version: nextRelease.version,
+        channel: nextRelease.channel,
+        gitTag: nextRelease.gitTag,
+        gitHead: nextRelease.gitHead,
+      });
+
+      const releases = await plugins.addChannel({...context, commits, lastRelease, currentRelease, nextRelease});
+      context.releases.push(...releases);
+      await plugins.success({...context, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases});
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+
+  context.lastRelease = getLastRelease(context);
+  if (context.lastRelease.gitHead) {
+    context.lastRelease.gitHead = await getTagHead(context.lastRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+  }
+
+  if (context.lastRelease.gitTag) {
+    logger.log(
+      `Found git tag ${context.lastRelease.gitTag} associated with version ${context.lastRelease.version} on branch ${context.branch.name}`
+    );
+  } else {
+    logger.log(`No git tag version found on branch ${context.branch.name}`);
+  }
+
+  context.commits = await getCommits(context);
+
+  const nextRelease = {
+    type: await plugins.analyzeCommits(context),
+    channel: context.branch.channel || null,
+    gitHead: await getGitHead({cwd, env}),
+  };
+  if (!nextRelease.type) {
    logger.log('There are no relevant changes, so no new version is released.');
-    return;
+    return context.releases.length > 0 ? {releases: context.releases} : false;
  }
-  const version = getNextVersion(type, lastRelease, logger);
-  const nextRelease = {type, version, gitHead: await getGitHead(), gitTag: template(options.tagFormat)({version})};

-  logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'verify-release');
-  await plugins.verifyRelease({options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease}, {settleAll: true});
+  context.nextRelease = nextRelease;
+  nextRelease.version = getNextVersion(context);
+  nextRelease.gitTag = makeTag(options.tagFormat, nextRelease.version);
+  nextRelease.name = nextRelease.gitTag;

-  const generateNotesParam = {options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease};
+  if (context.branch.type !== 'prerelease' && !semver.satisfies(nextRelease.version, context.branch.range)) {
+    throw getError('EINVALIDNEXTVERSION', {
+      ...context,
+      validBranches: context.branches.filter(
+        ({type, accept}) => type !== 'prerelease' && accept.includes(nextRelease.type)
+      ),
+    });
+  }
+
+  await plugins.verifyRelease(context);
+
+  nextRelease.notes = await plugins.generateNotes(context);
+
+  await plugins.prepare(context);

  if (options.dryRun) {
-    logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'generate-notes');
-    const notes = await plugins.generateNotes(generateNotesParam);
-    logger.log('Release note for version %s:\n', nextRelease.version);
-    process.stdout.write(`${marked(notes)}\n`);
+    logger.warn(`Skip ${nextRelease.gitTag} tag creation in dry-run mode`);
  } else {
-    logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'generateNotes');
-    nextRelease.notes = await plugins.generateNotes(generateNotesParam);
-
-    logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'prepare');
-    await plugins.prepare(
-      {options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease},
-      {
-        getNextInput: async lastResult => {
-          const newGitHead = await getGitHead();
-          // If previous prepare plugin has created a commit (gitHead changed)
-          if (lastResult.nextRelease.gitHead !== newGitHead) {
-            nextRelease.gitHead = newGitHead;
-            // Regenerate the release notes
-            logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'generateNotes');
-            nextRelease.notes = await plugins.generateNotes(generateNotesParam);
-          }
-          // Call the next publish plugin with the updated `nextRelease`
-          return {options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease};
-        },
-      }
-    );
-
    // Create the tag before calling the publish plugins as some require the tag to exists
-    logger.log('Create tag %s', nextRelease.gitTag);
-    await tag(nextRelease.gitTag);
-    await push(options.repositoryUrl, branch);
-
-    logger.log('Call plugin %s', 'publish');
-    const releases = await plugins.publish(
-      {options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease},
-      // Add nextRelease and plugin properties to published release
-      {transform: (release, step) => ({...(isPlainObject(release) ? release : {}), ...nextRelease, ...step})}
-    );
-
-    await plugins.success(
-      {options, logger, lastRelease, commits, nextRelease, releases: castArray(releases)},
-      {settleAll: true}
-    );
-
-    logger.log('Published release: %s', nextRelease.version);
+    await tag(nextRelease.gitTag, nextRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+    await addNote({channels: [nextRelease.channel]}, nextRelease.gitHead, {cwd, env});
+    await push(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+    await pushNotes(options.repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+    logger.success(`Created tag ${nextRelease.gitTag}`);
  }
-  return true;
+
+  const releases = await plugins.publish(context);
+  context.releases.push(...releases);
+
+  await plugins.success({...context, releases});
+
+  logger.success(
+    `Published release ${nextRelease.version} on ${nextRelease.channel ? nextRelease.channel : 'default'} channel`
+  );
+
+  if (options.dryRun) {
+    logger.log(`Release note for version ${nextRelease.version}:`);
+    if (nextRelease.notes) {
+      context.stdout.write(marked(nextRelease.notes));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return pick(context, ['lastRelease', 'commits', 'nextRelease', 'releases']);
 }

-function logErrors(err) {
-  const errors = extractErrors(err).sort(error => (error.semanticRelease ? -1 : 0));
+function logErrors({logger, stderr}, err) {
+  const errors = extractErrors(err).sort((error) => (error.semanticRelease ? -1 : 0));
  for (const error of errors) {
    if (error.semanticRelease) {
-      logger.log(`%s ${error.message}`, error.code);
+      logger.error(`${error.code} ${error.message}`);
      if (error.details) {
-        process.stdout.write(`${marked(error.details)}\n`);
+        stderr.write(marked(error.details));
      }
    } else {
      logger.error('An error occurred while running semantic-release: %O', error);
@@ -166,36 +231,45 @@ function logErrors(err) {
  }
 }

-async function callFail(plugins, options, error) {
-  const errors = extractErrors(error).filter(error => error.semanticRelease);
+async function callFail(context, plugins, err) {
+  const errors = extractErrors(err).filter((err) => err.semanticRelease);
  if (errors.length > 0) {
    try {
-      await plugins.fail({options, logger, errors}, {settleAll: true});
-    } catch (err) {
-      logErrors(err);
+      await plugins.fail({...context, errors});
+    } catch (error) {
+      logErrors(context, error);
    }
  }
 }

-module.exports = async opts => {
-  logger.log(`Running %s version %s`, pkg.name, pkg.version);
-  const unhook = hookStd({silent: false}, hideSensitive);
+export default async (cliOptions = {}, {cwd = process.cwd(), env = process.env, stdout, stderr} = {}) => {
+  const {unhook} = hookStd(
+    {silent: false, streams: [process.stdout, process.stderr, stdout, stderr].filter(Boolean)},
+    hideSensitive(env)
+  );
+  const context = {
+    cwd,
+    env,
+    stdout: stdout || process.stdout,
+    stderr: stderr || process.stderr,
+    envCi: envCi({env, cwd}),
+  };
+  context.logger = getLogger(context);
+  context.logger.log(`Running ${pkg.name} version ${pkg.version}`);
  try {
-    const config = await getConfig(opts, logger);
-    const {plugins, options} = config;
+    const {plugins, options} = await getConfig(context, cliOptions);
+    context.options = options;
    try {
-      const result = await run(options, plugins);
+      const result = await run(context, plugins);
      unhook();
      return result;
-    } catch (err) {
-      if (!options.dryRun) {
-        await callFail(plugins, options, err);
-      }
-      throw err;
+    } catch (error) {
+      await callFail(context, plugins, error);
+      throw error;
    }
-  } catch (err) {
-    logErrors(err);
+  } catch (error) {
+    logErrors(context, error);
    unhook();
-    throw err;
+    throw error;
  }
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isString, remove, omit, mapValues, template} = lodash
+import micromatch from 'micromatch';
+import {getBranches} from '../git.js';
+
+export default async (repositoryUrl, {cwd}, branches) => {
+  const gitBranches = await getBranches(repositoryUrl, {cwd});
+
+  return branches.reduce(
+    (branches, branch) => [
+      ...branches,
+      ...remove(gitBranches, (name) => micromatch(gitBranches, branch.name).includes(name)).map((name) => ({
+        name,
+        ...mapValues(omit(branch, 'name'), (value) => (isString(value) ? template(value)({name}) : value)),
+      })),
+    ],
+    []
+  );
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {template, escapeRegExp} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import pReduce from 'p-reduce';
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:get-tags');
+import {getTags, getNote} from '../../lib/git.js';
+
+export default async ({cwd, env, options: {tagFormat}}, branches) => {
+  // Generate a regex to parse tags formatted with `tagFormat`
+  // by replacing the `version` variable in the template by `(.+)`.
+  // The `tagFormat` is compiled with space as the `version` as it's an invalid tag character,
+  // so it's guaranteed to no be present in the `tagFormat`.
+  const tagRegexp = `^${escapeRegExp(template(tagFormat)({version: ' '})).replace(' ', '(.+)')}`;
+
+  return pReduce(
+    branches,
+    async (branches, branch) => {
+      const branchTags = await pReduce(
+        await getTags(branch.name, {cwd, env}),
+        async (branchTags, tag) => {
+          const [, version] = tag.match(tagRegexp) || [];
+          return version && semver.valid(semver.clean(version))
+            ? [...branchTags, {gitTag: tag, version, channels: (await getNote(tag, {cwd, env})).channels || [null]}]
+            : branchTags;
+        },
+        []
+      );
+
+      debug('found tags for branch %s: %o', branch.name, branchTags);
+      return [...branches, {...branch, tags: branchTags}];
+    },
+    []
+  );
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isString, isRegExp} = lodash
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';
+import pEachSeries from 'p-each-series';
+import DEFINITIONS from '../definitions/branches.js';
+import getError from '../get-error.js';
+import {fetch, fetchNotes, verifyBranchName} from '../git.js';
+import expand from './expand.js';
+import getTags from './get-tags.js';
+import normalize from './normalize.js';
+
+export default async (repositoryUrl, ciBranch, context) => {
+  const {cwd, env} = context;
+
+  const remoteBranches = await expand(
+    repositoryUrl,
+    context,
+    context.options.branches.map((branch) => (isString(branch) || isRegExp(branch) ? {name: branch} : branch))
+  );
+
+  await pEachSeries(remoteBranches, async ({name}) => {
+    await fetch(repositoryUrl, name, ciBranch, {cwd, env});
+  });
+
+  await fetchNotes(repositoryUrl, {cwd, env});
+
+  const branches = await getTags(context, remoteBranches);
+
+  const errors = [];
+  const branchesByType = Object.entries(DEFINITIONS).reduce(
+    (branchesByType, [type, {filter}]) => ({[type]: branches.filter(filter), ...branchesByType}),
+    {}
+  );
+
+  const result = Object.entries(DEFINITIONS).reduce((result, [type, {branchesValidator, branchValidator}]) => {
+    branchesByType[type].forEach((branch) => {
+      if (branchValidator && !branchValidator(branch)) {
+        errors.push(getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}BRANCH`, {branch}));
+      }
+    });
+
+    const branchesOfType = normalize[type](branchesByType);
+
+    if (!branchesValidator(branchesOfType)) {
+      errors.push(getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}BRANCHES`, {branches: branchesOfType}));
+    }
+
+    return {...result, [type]: branchesOfType};
+  }, {});
+
+  const duplicates = [...branches]
+    .map((branch) => branch.name)
+    .sort()
+    .filter((_, idx, array) => array[idx] === array[idx + 1] && array[idx] !== array[idx - 1]);
+
+  if (duplicates.length > 0) {
+    errors.push(getError('EDUPLICATEBRANCHES', {duplicates}));
+  }
+
+  await pEachSeries(branches, async (branch) => {
+    if (!(await verifyBranchName(branch.name))) {
+      errors.push(getError('EINVALIDBRANCHNAME', branch));
+    }
+  });
+
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+
+  return [...result.maintenance, ...result.release, ...result.prerelease];
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {sortBy, isNil} = lodash
+import semverDiff from 'semver-diff';
+import {FIRST_RELEASE, RELEASE_TYPE} from '../definitions/constants.js';
+
+import {
+  tagsToVersions,
+  isMajorRange,
+  getUpperBound,
+  getLowerBound,
+  highest,
+  lowest,
+  getLatestVersion,
+  getFirstVersion,
+  getRange,
+} from '../utils.js';
+
+function maintenance({maintenance, release}) {
+  return sortBy(
+    maintenance.map(({name, range, channel, ...rest}) => ({
+      ...rest,
+      name,
+      range: range || name,
+      channel: isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+    })),
+    'range'
+  ).map(({name, range, tags, ...rest}, idx, branches) => {
+    const versions = tagsToVersions(tags);
+    // Find the lower bound based on Maintenance branches
+    const maintenanceMin =
+      // If the current branch has a major range (1.x or 1.x.x) and the previous doesn't
+      isMajorRange(range) && branches[idx - 1] && !isMajorRange(branches[idx - 1].range)
+        ? // Then the lowest bound is the upper bound of the previous branch range
+          getUpperBound(branches[idx - 1].range)
+        : // Otherwise the lowest bound is the lowest bound of the current branch range
+          getLowerBound(range);
+    // The actual lower bound is the highest version between the current branch last release and `maintenanceMin`
+    const min = highest(getLatestVersion(versions) || FIRST_RELEASE, maintenanceMin);
+    // Determine the first release of the default branch not present in any maintenance branch
+    const base =
+      (release[0] &&
+        (getFirstVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags), branches) ||
+          getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags)))) ||
+      FIRST_RELEASE;
+    // The upper bound is the lowest version between the `base` version and the upper bound of the current branch range
+    const max = lowest(base, getUpperBound(range));
+    const diff = semverDiff(min, max);
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      type: 'maintenance',
+      name,
+      tags,
+      range: getRange(min, max),
+      accept: diff ? RELEASE_TYPE.slice(0, RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(diff)) : [],
+      mergeRange: getRange(maintenanceMin, getUpperBound(range)),
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+function release({release}) {
+  if (release.length === 0) {
+    return release;
+  }
+
+  // The intial lastVersion is the last release from the base branch of `FIRST_RELEASE` (1.0.0)
+  let lastVersion = getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(release[0].tags)) || FIRST_RELEASE;
+
+  return release.map(({name, tags, channel, ...rest}, idx) => {
+    const versions = tagsToVersions(tags);
+    // The new lastVersion is the highest version between the current branch last release and the previous branch lastVersion
+    lastVersion = highest(getLatestVersion(versions), lastVersion);
+    // The upper bound is:
+    //  - None if the current branch is the last one of the release branches
+    //  - Otherwise, The upper bound is the lowest version that is present on the current branch but none of the previous ones
+    const bound =
+      release.length - 1 === idx
+        ? undefined
+        : getFirstVersion(tagsToVersions(release[idx + 1].tags), release.slice(0, idx + 1));
+
+    const diff = bound ? semverDiff(lastVersion, bound) : null;
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      channel: idx === 0 ? channel : isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+      tags,
+      type: 'release',
+      name,
+      range: getRange(lastVersion, bound),
+      accept: bound ? RELEASE_TYPE.slice(0, RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(diff)) : RELEASE_TYPE,
+      main: idx === 0,
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+function prerelease({prerelease}) {
+  return prerelease.map(({name, prerelease, channel, tags, ...rest}) => {
+    const preid = prerelease === true ? name : prerelease;
+    return {
+      ...rest,
+      channel: isNil(channel) ? name : channel,
+      type: 'prerelease',
+      name,
+      prerelease: preid,
+      tags,
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+const exported = {
+  maintenance,
+  release,
+  prerelease,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {maintenance, release, prerelease};
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isNil, uniqBy} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import {isMaintenanceRange} from '../utils.js';
+
+const maintenance = {
+  filter: ({name, range}) => (!isNil(range) && range !== false) || isMaintenanceRange(name),
+  branchValidator: ({range}) => (isNil(range) ? true : isMaintenanceRange(range)),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => uniqBy(branches, ({range}) => semver.validRange(range)).length === branches.length,
+};
+
+const prerelease = {
+  filter: ({prerelease}) => !isNil(prerelease) && prerelease !== false,
+  branchValidator: ({name, prerelease}) =>
+    Boolean(prerelease) && Boolean(semver.valid(`1.0.0-${prerelease === true ? name : prerelease}.1`)),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => uniqBy(branches, 'prerelease').length === branches.length,
+};
+
+const release = {
+  filter: (branch) => !maintenance.filter(branch) && !prerelease.filter(branch),
+  branchesValidator: (branches) => branches.length <= 3 && branches.length > 0,
+};
+
+const exported = {
+  maintenance,
+  prerelease,
+  release,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {maintenance, prerelease, release};
@@ -1,9 +1,42 @@
-const RELEASE_TYPE = ['major', 'premajor', 'minor', 'preminor', 'patch', 'prepatch', 'prerelease'];
+const RELEASE_TYPE = ['patch', 'minor', 'major'];

 const FIRST_RELEASE = '1.0.0';

+const FIRSTPRERELEASE = '1';
+
 const COMMIT_NAME = 'semantic-release-bot';

 const COMMIT_EMAIL = 'semantic-release-bot@martynus.net';

-module.exports = {RELEASE_TYPE, FIRST_RELEASE, COMMIT_NAME, COMMIT_EMAIL};
+const RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR = '\n\n';
+
+const SECRET_REPLACEMENT = '[secure]';
+
+const SECRET_MIN_SIZE = 5;
+
+const GIT_NOTE_REF = 'semantic-release';
+
+const exported = {
+  RELEASE_TYPE,
+  FIRST_RELEASE,
+  FIRSTPRERELEASE,
+  COMMIT_NAME,
+  COMMIT_EMAIL,
+  RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR,
+  SECRET_REPLACEMENT,
+  SECRET_MIN_SIZE,
+  GIT_NOTE_REF,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {
+  RELEASE_TYPE,
+  FIRST_RELEASE,
+  FIRSTPRERELEASE,
+  COMMIT_NAME,
+  COMMIT_EMAIL,
+  RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR,
+  SECRET_REPLACEMENT,
+  SECRET_MIN_SIZE,
+  GIT_NOTE_REF,
+};
@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
-const url = require('url');
-const {inspect} = require('util');
-const {toLower, isString} = require('lodash');
-const pkg = require('../../package.json');
-const {RELEASE_TYPE} = require('./constants');
+import {inspect} from 'util';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {toLower, isString, trim} = lodash
+import pkg from '../../package.json';
+import {RELEASE_TYPE} from './constants.js';

-const homepage = url.format({...url.parse(pkg.homepage), ...{hash: null}});
-const stringify = obj => (isString(obj) ? obj : inspect(obj, {breakLength: Infinity, depth: 2, maxArrayLength: 5}));
-const linkify = file => `${homepage}/blob/caribou/${file}`;
+const [homepage] = pkg.homepage.split('#');
+const stringify = (object) =>
+  isString(object) ? object : inspect(object, {breakLength: Infinity, depth: 2, maxArrayLength: 5});
+const linkify = (file) => `${homepage}/blob/master/${file}`;
+const wordsList = (words) =>
+  `${words.slice(0, -1).join(', ')}${words.length > 1 ? ` or ${words[words.length - 1]}` : trim(words[0])}`;

-module.exports = {
-  ENOGITREPO: () => ({
+const exported = {
+  ENOGITREPO: ({cwd}) => ({
    message: 'Not running from a git repository.',
    details: `The \`semantic-release\` command must be executed from a Git repository.

-The current working directory is \`${process.cwd()}\`.
+The current working directory is \`${cwd}\`.

 Please verify your CI configuration to make sure the \`semantic-release\` command is executed from the root of the cloned repository.`,
  }),
+
  ENOREPOURL: () => ({
    message: 'The `repositoryUrl` option is required.',
    details: `The [repositoryUrl option](${linkify(
@@ -27,19 +31,20 @@ Please make sure to add the \`repositoryUrl\` to the [semantic-release configura
      'docs/usage/configuration.md'
    )}).`,
  }),
-  EGITNOPERMISSION: ({options, repositoryUrl}) => ({
-    message: 'The push permission to the Git repository is required.',
-    details: `**semantic-release** cannot push the version tag to the branch \`${
-      options.branch
-    }\` on remote Git repository with URL \`${repositoryUrl}\`.

-Please refer to the [authentication configuration documentation](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication'
-    )}) to configure the Git credentials on your CI environment and make sure the [repositoryUrl](${linkify(
-      'docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl'
-    )}) is configured with a [valid Git URL](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols).`,
+  EGITNOPERMISSION: ({options: {repositoryUrl}, branch: {name}}) => ({
+    message: 'Cannot push to the Git repository.',
+    details: `**semantic-release** cannot push the version tag to the branch \`${name}\` on the remote Git repository with URL \`${repositoryUrl}\`.
+
+This can be caused by:
+ - a misconfiguration of the [repositoryUrl](${linkify('docs/usage/configuration.md#repositoryurl')}) option
+ - the repository being unavailable
+ - or missing push permission for the user configured via the [Git credentials on your CI environment](${linkify(
+   'docs/usage/ci-configuration.md#authentication'
+ )})`,
  }),
-  EINVALIDTAGFORMAT: ({tagFormat}) => ({
+
+  EINVALIDTAGFORMAT: ({options: {tagFormat}}) => ({
    message: 'Invalid `tagFormat` option.',
    details: `The [tagFormat](${linkify(
      'docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat'
@@ -47,7 +52,8 @@ Please refer to the [authentication configuration documentation](${linkify(

 Your configuration for the \`tagFormat\` option is \`${stringify(tagFormat)}\`.`,
  }),
-  ETAGNOVERSION: ({tagFormat}) => ({
+
+  ETAGNOVERSION: ({options: {tagFormat}}) => ({
    message: 'Invalid `tagFormat` option.',
    details: `The [tagFormat](${linkify(
      'docs/usage/configuration.md#tagformat'
@@ -55,28 +61,40 @@ Your configuration for the \`tagFormat\` option is \`${stringify(tagFormat)}\`.`

 Your configuration for the \`tagFormat\` option is \`${stringify(tagFormat)}\`.`,
  }),
-  EPLUGINCONF: ({pluginType, pluginConf}) => ({
-    message: `The \`${pluginType}\` plugin configuration is invalid.`,
-    details: `The [${pluginType} plugin configuration](${linkify(
-      `docs/usage/plugins.md#${toLower(pluginType)}-plugin`
-    )}) if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition. A plugin definition is either a string or an object with a \`path\` property.

-    Your configuration for the \`${pluginType}\` plugin is \`${stringify(pluginConf)}\`.`,
+  EPLUGINCONF: ({type, required, pluginConf}) => ({
+    message: `The \`${type}\` plugin configuration is invalid.`,
+    details: `The [${type} plugin configuration](${linkify(`docs/usage/plugins.md#${toLower(type)}-plugin`)}) ${
+      required ? 'is required and ' : ''
+    } must be a single or an array of plugins definition. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionally wrapped in an array with an object.
+
+Your configuration for the \`${type}\` plugin is \`${stringify(pluginConf)}\`.`,
  }),
-  EPLUGIN: ({pluginName, pluginType}) => ({
-    message: `A plugin configured in the step ${pluginType} is not a valid semantic-release plugin.`,
-    details: `A valid \`${pluginType}\` **semantic-release** plugin must be a function or an object with a function in the property \`${pluginType}\`.

-The plugin \`${pluginName}\` doesn't have the property \`${pluginType}\` and cannot be used for the \`${pluginType}\` step.
+  EPLUGINSCONF: ({plugin}) => ({
+    message: 'The `plugins` configuration is invalid.',
+    details: `The [plugins](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#plugins'
+    )}) option must be an array of plugin definions. A plugin definition is an npm module name, optionally wrapped in an array with an object.
+
+The invalid configuration is \`${stringify(plugin)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EPLUGIN: ({pluginName, type}) => ({
+    message: `A plugin configured in the step ${type} is not a valid semantic-release plugin.`,
+    details: `A valid \`${type}\` **semantic-release** plugin must be a function or an object with a function in the property \`${type}\`.
+
+The plugin \`${pluginName}\` doesn't have the property \`${type}\` and cannot be used for the \`${type}\` step.

 Please refer to the \`${pluginName}\` and [semantic-release plugins configuration](${linkify(
      'docs/usage/plugins.md'
    )}) documentation for more details.`,
  }),
-  EANALYZEOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
+
+  EANALYZECOMMITSOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
    message: 'The `analyzeCommits` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a valid semver release type.',
    details: `The \`analyzeCommits\` plugin must return a valid [semver](https://semver.org) release type. The valid values are: ${RELEASE_TYPE.map(
-      type => `\`${type}\``
+      (type) => `\`${type}\``
    ).join(', ')}.

 The \`analyzeCommits\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.
@@ -89,7 +107,8 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
    )})`,
  }),
-  ERELEASENOTESOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
+
+  EGENERATENOTESOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
    message: 'The `generateNotes` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return a `String`.',
    details: `The \`generateNotes\` plugin must return a \`String\`.

@@ -103,6 +122,7 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
    )})`,
  }),
+
  EPUBLISHOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
    message: 'A `publish` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return an `Object`.',
    details: `The \`publish\` plugins must return an \`Object\`.
@@ -117,4 +137,145 @@ We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the
      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
    )})`,
  }),
+
+  EADDCHANNELOUTPUT: ({result, pluginName}) => ({
+    message: 'A `addChannel` plugin returned an invalid value. It must return an `Object`.',
+    details: `The \`addChannel\` plugins must return an \`Object\`.
+
+The \`addChannel\` function of the \`${pluginName}\` returned \`${stringify(result)}\` instead.
+
+We recommend to report the issue to the \`${pluginName}\` authors, providing the following informations:
+- The **semantic-release** version: \`${pkg.version}\`
+- The **semantic-release** logs from your CI job
+- The value returned by the plugin: \`${stringify(result)}\`
+- A link to the **semantic-release** plugin developer guide: [${linkify('docs/developer-guide/plugin.md')}](${linkify(
+      'docs/developer-guide/plugin.md'
+    )})`,
+  }),
+
+  EINVALIDBRANCH: ({branch}) => ({
+    message: 'A branch is invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must be either a string, a regexp or an object with a \`name\` property.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EINVALIDBRANCHNAME: ({branch}) => ({
+    message: 'A branch name is invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must be a [valid Git reference](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-ref-format#_description).
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EDUPLICATEBRANCHES: ({duplicates}) => ({
+    message: 'The `branches` configuration has duplicate branches.',
+    details: `Each branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must havea unique name.
+
+Your configuration contains duplicates for the following branch names: \`${stringify(duplicates)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EMAINTENANCEBRANCH: ({branch}) => ({
+    message: 'A maintenance branch is invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each maintenance branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must have a \`range\` property formatted like \`N.x\`, \`N.x.x\` or \`N.N.x\` (\`N\` is a number).
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EMAINTENANCEBRANCHES: ({branches}) => ({
+    message: 'The maintenance branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each maintenance branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must have a unique \`range\` property.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  ERELEASEBRANCHES: ({branches}) => ({
+    message: 'The release branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `A minimum of 1 and a maximum of 3 release branches are required in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}).
+
+This may occur if your repository does not have a release branch, such as \`master\`.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EPRERELEASEBRANCH: ({branch}) => ({
+    message: 'A pre-release branch configuration is invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each pre-release branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must have a \`prerelease\` property valid per the [Semantic Versioning Specification](https://semver.org/#spec-item-9). If the \`prerelease\` property is set to \`true\`, then the \`name\` property is used instead.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branch is \`${stringify(branch)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EPRERELEASEBRANCHES: ({branches}) => ({
+    message: 'The pre-release branches are invalid in the `branches` configuration.',
+    details: `Each pre-release branch in the [branches configuration](${linkify(
+      'docs/usage/configuration.md#branches'
+    )}) must have a unique \`prerelease\` property. If the \`prerelease\` property is set to \`true\`, then the \`name\` property is used instead.
+
+Your configuration for the problematic branches is \`${stringify(branches)}\`.`,
+  }),
+
+  EINVALIDNEXTVERSION: ({nextRelease: {version}, branch: {name, range}, commits, validBranches}) => ({
+    message: `The release \`${version}\` on branch \`${name}\` cannot be published as it is out of range.`,
+    details: `Based on the releases published on other branches, only versions within the range \`${range}\` can be published from branch \`${name}\`.
+
+The following commit${commits.length > 1 ? 's are' : ' is'} responsible for the invalid release:
+${commits.map(({commit: {short}, subject}) => `- ${subject} (${short})`).join('\n')}
+
+${
+  commits.length > 1 ? 'Those commits' : 'This commit'
+} should be moved to a valid branch with [git merge](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-merge) or [git cherry-pick](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-cherry-pick) and removed from branch \`${name}\` with [git revert](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-revert) or [git reset](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-reset).
+
+A valid branch could be ${wordsList(validBranches.map(({name}) => `\`${name}\``))}.
+
+See the [workflow configuration documentation](${linkify('docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md')}) for more details.`,
+  }),
+
+  EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE: ({nextRelease: {channel, gitTag, version}, branch: {mergeRange, name}}) => ({
+    message: `The release \`${version}\` on branch \`${name}\` cannot be published as it is out of range.`,
+    details: `Only releases within the range \`${mergeRange}\` can be merged into the maintenance branch \`${name}\` and published to the \`${channel}\` distribution channel.
+
+The branch \`${name}\` head should be [reset](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-reset) to a previous commit so the commit with tag \`${gitTag}\` is removed from the branch history.
+
+See the [workflow configuration documentation](${linkify('docs/usage/workflow-configuration.md')}) for more details.`,
+  }),
 };
+
+export default exported;
+
+export const {
+  ENOGITREPO,
+  ENOREPOURL,
+  EGITNOPERMISSION,
+  EINVALIDTAGFORMAT,
+  ETAGNOVERSION,
+  EPLUGINCONF,
+  EPLUGINSCONF,
+  EPLUGIN,
+  EANALYZECOMMITSOUTPUT,
+  EGENERATENOTESOUTPUT,
+  EPUBLISHOUTPUT,
+  EADDCHANNELOUTPUT,
+  EINVALIDBRANCH,
+  EINVALIDBRANCHNAME,
+  EDUPLICATEBRANCHES,
+  EMAINTENANCEBRANCH,
+  EMAINTENANCEBRANCHES,
+  ERELEASEBRANCHES,
+  EPRERELEASEBRANCH,
+  EPRERELEASEBRANCHES,
+  EINVALIDNEXTVERSION,
+  EINVALIDMAINTENANCEMERGE,
+} = exported;
@@ -1,67 +1,130 @@
-const {isString, isFunction, isArray, isPlainObject} = require('lodash');
-const {RELEASE_TYPE} = require('./constants');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isString, isPlainObject} = lodash

-const validatePluginConfig = conf => isString(conf) || isString(conf.path) || isFunction(conf);
+import {getGitHead} from '../git.js';
+import hideSensitive from '../hide-sensitive.js';
+import {hideSensitiveValues} from '../utils.js';
+import {RELEASE_TYPE, RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR} from './constants.js';

-module.exports = {
+const exported = {
  verifyConditions: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github'],
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: true,
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
  },
+
  analyzeCommits: {
-    default: '@semantic-release/commit-analyzer',
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => Boolean(conf) && validatePluginConfig(conf),
-    },
-    output: {
-      validator: output => !output || RELEASE_TYPE.includes(output),
-      error: 'EANALYZEOUTPUT',
-    },
+    default: ['@semantic-release/commit-analyzer'],
+    required: true,
+    dryRun: true,
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || RELEASE_TYPE.includes(output),
+    preprocess: ({commits, ...inputs}) => ({
+      ...inputs,
+      commits: commits.filter((commit) => !/\[skip\s+release]|\[release\s+skip]/i.test(commit.message)),
+    }),
+    postprocess: (results) =>
+      RELEASE_TYPE[
+        results.reduce((highest, result) => {
+          const typeIndex = RELEASE_TYPE.indexOf(result);
+          return typeIndex > highest ? typeIndex : highest;
+        }, -1)
+      ],
  },
+
  verifyRelease: {
-    default: false,
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: true,
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
  },
+
  generateNotes: {
-    default: '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator',
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || validatePluginConfig(conf),
-    },
-    output: {
-      validator: output => !output || isString(output),
-      error: 'ERELEASENOTESOUTPUT',
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: true,
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isString(output),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({
+      getNextInput: ({nextRelease, ...context}, notes) => ({
+        ...context,
+        nextRelease: {
+          ...nextRelease,
+          notes: `${nextRelease.notes ? `${nextRelease.notes}${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}` : ''}${notes}`,
+        },
+      }),
+    }),
+    postprocess: (results, {env}) => hideSensitive(env)(results.filter(Boolean).join(RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR)),
  },
+
  prepare: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/npm'],
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    pipelineConfig: ({generateNotes}) => ({
+      getNextInput: async (context) => {
+        const newGitHead = await getGitHead({cwd: context.cwd});
+        // If previous prepare plugin has created a commit (gitHead changed)
+        if (context.nextRelease.gitHead !== newGitHead) {
+          context.nextRelease.gitHead = newGitHead;
+          // Regenerate the release notes
+          context.nextRelease.notes = await generateNotes(context);
+        }
+
+        // Call the next prepare plugin with the updated `nextRelease`
+        return context;
+      },
+    }),
  },
+
  publish: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/npm', '@semantic-release/github'],
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => Boolean(conf) && (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
-    output: {
-      validator: output => !output || isPlainObject(output),
-      error: 'EPUBLISHOUTPUT',
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isPlainObject(output),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({
+      // Add `nextRelease` and plugin properties to published release
+      transform: (release, step, {nextRelease}) => ({
+        ...(release === false ? {} : nextRelease),
+        ...release,
+        ...step,
+      }),
+    }),
  },
+
+  addChannel: {
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    outputValidator: (output) => !output || isPlainObject(output),
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({
+      // Add `nextRelease` and plugin properties to published release
+      transform: (release, step, {nextRelease}) => ({
+        ...(release === false ? {} : nextRelease),
+        ...release,
+        ...step,
+      }),
+    }),
+  },
+
  success: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/github'],
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
+    preprocess: ({releases, env, ...inputs}) => ({...inputs, env, releases: hideSensitiveValues(env, releases)}),
  },
+
  fail: {
-    default: ['@semantic-release/github'],
-    config: {
-      validator: conf => !conf || (isArray(conf) ? conf : [conf]).every(conf => validatePluginConfig(conf)),
-    },
+    required: false,
+    dryRun: false,
+    pipelineConfig: () => ({settleAll: true}),
+    preprocess: ({errors, env, ...inputs}) => ({...inputs, env, errors: hideSensitiveValues(env, errors)}),
  },
 };
+
+export default exported;
+
+export const {
+  verifyConditions,
+  analyzeCommits,
+  verifyRelease,
+  generateNotes,
+  prepare,
+  publish,
+  addChannel,
+  success,
+  fail,
+} = exported;
@@ -1,32 +1,24 @@
-const gitLogParser = require('git-log-parser');
-const getStream = require('get-stream');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:get-commits');
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:get-commits');
+import {getCommits} from './git.js';

 /**
 * Retrieve the list of commits on the current branch since the commit sha associated with the last release, or all the commits of the current branch if there is no last released version.
 *
- * @param {String} gitHead The commit sha associated with the last release.
- * @param {String} branch The branch to release from.
- * @param {Object} logger Global logger.
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
 *
 * @return {Promise<Array<Object>>} The list of commits on the branch `branch` since the last release.
 */
-module.exports = async (gitHead, branch, logger) => {
-  if (gitHead) {
-    debug('Use gitHead: %s', gitHead);
+export default async ({cwd, env, lastRelease: {gitHead: from}, nextRelease: {gitHead: to = 'HEAD'} = {}, logger}) => {
+  if (from) {
+    debug('Use from: %s', from);
  } else {
    logger.log('No previous release found, retrieving all commits');
  }

-  Object.assign(gitLogParser.fields, {hash: 'H', message: 'B', gitTags: 'd', committerDate: {key: 'ci', type: Date}});
-  const commits = (await getStream.array(gitLogParser.parse({_: `${gitHead ? gitHead + '..' : ''}HEAD`}))).map(
-    commit => {
-      commit.message = commit.message.trim();
-      commit.gitTags = commit.gitTags.trim();
-      return commit;
-    }
-  );
-  logger.log('Found %s commits since last release', commits.length);
+  const commits = await getCommits(from, to, {cwd, env});
+
+  logger.log(`Found ${commits.length} commits since last release`);
  debug('Parsed commits: %o', commits);
  return commits;
 };
@@ -1,27 +1,26 @@
-const {castArray, pickBy, isUndefined, isNull, isString, isPlainObject} = require('lodash');
-const readPkgUp = require('read-pkg-up');
-const cosmiconfig = require('cosmiconfig');
-const resolveFrom = require('resolve-from');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:config');
-const {repoUrl} = require('./git');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('./definitions/plugins');
-const plugins = require('./plugins');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {castArray, pickBy, isNil, isString, isPlainObject} = lodash
+import readPkgUp from 'read-pkg-up';
+import {cosmiconfig} from 'cosmiconfig';
+import resolveFrom from 'resolve-from';
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:config');
+import {repoUrl} from './git.js';
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from './definitions/plugins.js';
+import plugins from './plugins';
+import {validatePlugin, parseConfig} from './plugins/utils.js';

 const CONFIG_NAME = 'release';
-const CONFIG_FILES = [
-  'package.json',
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.json`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.yaml`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.yml`,
-  `.${CONFIG_NAME}rc.js`,
-  `${CONFIG_NAME}.config.js`,
-];

-module.exports = async (opts, logger) => {
-  const {config} = (await cosmiconfig(CONFIG_NAME, {searchPlaces: CONFIG_FILES}).search()) || {};
+export default async (context, cliOptions) => {
+  const {cwd, env} = context;
+  const {config, filepath} = (await cosmiconfig(CONFIG_NAME).search(cwd)) || {};
+
+  debug('load config from: %s', filepath);
+
  // Merge config file options and CLI/API options
-  let options = {...config, ...opts};
+  let options = {...config, ...cliOptions};
+
  const pluginsPath = {};
  let extendPaths;
  ({extends: extendPaths, ...options} = options);
@@ -29,24 +28,27 @@ module.exports = async (opts, logger) => {
    // If `extends` is defined, load and merge each shareable config with `options`
    options = {
      ...castArray(extendPaths).reduce((result, extendPath) => {
-        const extendsOpts = require(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, extendPath) ||
-          resolveFrom(process.cwd(), extendPath));
+        const extendsOptions = require(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, extendPath) || resolveFrom(cwd, extendPath));

        // For each plugin defined in a shareable config, save in `pluginsPath` the extendable config path,
        // so those plugin will be loaded relatively to the config file
-        Object.keys(extendsOpts).reduce((pluginsPath, option) => {
-          if (PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[option]) {
-            castArray(extendsOpts[option])
-              .filter(plugin => isString(plugin) || (isPlainObject(plugin) && isString(plugin.path)))
-              .map(plugin => (isString(plugin) ? plugin : plugin.path))
-              .forEach(plugin => {
-                pluginsPath[plugin] = extendPath;
-              });
-          }
-          return pluginsPath;
-        }, pluginsPath);
+        Object.entries(extendsOptions)
+          .filter(([, value]) => Boolean(value))
+          .reduce((pluginsPath, [option, value]) => {
+            castArray(value).forEach((plugin) => {
+              if (option === 'plugins' && validatePlugin(plugin)) {
+                pluginsPath[parseConfig(plugin)[0]] = extendPath;
+              } else if (
+                PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[option] &&
+                (isString(plugin) || (isPlainObject(plugin) && isString(plugin.path)))
+              ) {
+                pluginsPath[isString(plugin) ? plugin : plugin.path] = extendPath;
+              }
+            });
+            return pluginsPath;
+          }, pluginsPath);

-        return {...result, ...extendsOpts};
+        return {...result, ...extendsOptions};
      }, {}),
      ...options,
    };
@@ -54,19 +56,37 @@ module.exports = async (opts, logger) => {

  // Set default options values if not defined yet
  options = {
-    branch: 'master',
-    repositoryUrl: (await pkgRepoUrl()) || (await repoUrl()),
+    branches: [
+      '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x',
+      'master',
+      'next',
+      'next-major',
+      {name: 'beta', prerelease: true},
+      {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true},
+    ],
+    repositoryUrl: (await pkgRepoUrl({normalize: false, cwd})) || (await repoUrl({cwd, env})),
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: [
+      '@semantic-release/commit-analyzer',
+      '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator',
+      '@semantic-release/npm',
+      '@semantic-release/github',
+    ],
    // Remove `null` and `undefined` options so they can be replaced with default ones
-    ...pickBy(options, option => !isUndefined(option) && !isNull(option)),
+    ...pickBy(options, (option) => !isNil(option)),
+    ...(options.branches ? {branches: castArray(options.branches)} : {}),
  };

+  if (options.ci === false) {
+    options.noCi = true;
+  }
+
  debug('options values: %O', options);

-  return {options, plugins: await plugins(options, pluginsPath, logger)};
+  return {options, plugins: await plugins({...context, options}, pluginsPath)};
 };

-async function pkgRepoUrl() {
-  const {pkg} = await readPkgUp({normalize: false});
-  return pkg && (isPlainObject(pkg.repository) ? pkg.repository.url : pkg.repository);
+async function pkgRepoUrl(options) {
+  const {packageJson} = (await readPkgUp(options)) || {};
+  return packageJson && (isPlainObject(packageJson.repository) ? packageJson.repository.url : packageJson.repository);
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const SemanticReleaseError = require('@semantic-release/error');
-const ERROR_DEFINITIONS = require('./definitions/errors');
+import SemanticReleaseError from '@semantic-release/error';
+import ERROR_DEFINITIONS from './definitions/errors.js';

-module.exports = (code, ctx = {}) => {
+export default (code, ctx = {}) => {
  const {message, details} = ERROR_DEFINITIONS[code](ctx);
  return new SemanticReleaseError(message, code, details);
 };
@@ -1,18 +1,52 @@
-const {parse, format} = require('url');
-const {isUndefined} = require('lodash');
-const gitUrlParse = require('git-url-parse');
-const hostedGitInfo = require('hosted-git-info');
-const {verifyAuth} = require('./git');
+import {format} from 'url';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isNil} = lodash
+import hostedGitInfo from 'hosted-git-info';
+import {verifyAuth} from './git.js';
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:get-git-auth-url');

-const GIT_TOKENS = {
-  GIT_CREDENTIALS: undefined,
-  GH_TOKEN: undefined,
-  GITHUB_TOKEN: undefined,
-  GL_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
-  GITLAB_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
-  BB_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
-  BITBUCKET_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
-};
+/**
+ * Machinery to format a repository URL with the given credentials
+ *
+ * @param {String} protocol URL protocol (which should not be present in repositoryUrl)
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl User-given repository URL
+ * @param {String} gitCredentials The basic auth part of the URL
+ *
+ * @return {String} The formatted Git repository URL.
+ */
+function formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials) {
+  const [match, auth, host, basePort, path] =
+    /^(?!.+:\/\/)(?:(?<auth>.*)@)?(?<host>.*?):(?<port>\d+)?:?\/?(?<path>.*)$/.exec(repositoryUrl) || [];
+  const {port, hostname, ...parsed} = new URL(
+    match ? `ssh://${auth ? `${auth}@` : ''}${host}${basePort ? `:${basePort}` : ''}/${path}` : repositoryUrl
+  );
+
+  return format({
+    ...parsed,
+    auth: gitCredentials,
+    host: `${hostname}${protocol === 'ssh:' ? '' : port ? `:${port}` : ''}`,
+    protocol: protocol && /http[^s]/.test(protocol) ? 'http' : 'https',
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verify authUrl by calling git.verifyAuth, but don't throw on failure
+ *
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ * @param {String} authUrl Repository URL to verify
+ *
+ * @return {String} The authUrl as is if the connection was successfull, null otherwise
+ */
+async function ensureValidAuthUrl({cwd, env, branch}, authUrl) {
+  try {
+    await verifyAuth(authUrl, branch.name, {cwd, env});
+    return authUrl;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+    return null;
+  }
+}

 /**
 * Determine the the git repository URL to use to push, either:
@@ -21,38 +55,69 @@ const GIT_TOKENS = {
 *
 * In addition, expand shortcut URLs (`owner/repo` => `https://github.com/owner/repo.git`) and transform `git+https` / `git+http` URLs to `https` / `http`.
 *
- * @param {String}  repositoryUrl The user provided Git repository URL.
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ *
 * @return {String} The formatted Git repository URL.
 */
-module.exports = async ({repositoryUrl, branch}) => {
+export default async (context) => {
+  const {cwd, env, branch} = context;
+  const GIT_TOKENS = {
+    GIT_CREDENTIALS: undefined,
+    GH_TOKEN: undefined,
+    // GitHub Actions require the "x-access-token:" prefix for git access
+    // https://developer.github.com/apps/building-github-apps/authenticating-with-github-apps/#http-based-git-access-by-an-installation
+    GITHUB_TOKEN: isNil(env.GITHUB_ACTION) ? undefined : 'x-access-token:',
+    GL_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
+    GITLAB_TOKEN: 'gitlab-ci-token:',
+    BB_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
+    BITBUCKET_TOKEN: 'x-token-auth:',
+    BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: '',
+    BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: '',
+  };
+
+  let {repositoryUrl} = context.options;
  const info = hostedGitInfo.fromUrl(repositoryUrl, {noGitPlus: true});
+  const {protocol, ...parsed} = new URL(repositoryUrl);

  if (info && info.getDefaultRepresentation() === 'shortcut') {
    // Expand shorthand URLs (such as `owner/repo` or `gitlab:owner/repo`)
    repositoryUrl = info.https();
-  } else {
-    const {protocols} = gitUrlParse(repositoryUrl);
-
+  } else if (protocol && protocol.includes('http')) {
    // Replace `git+https` and `git+http` with `https` or `http`
-    if (protocols.includes('http') || protocols.includes('https')) {
-      repositoryUrl = format({
-        ...parse(repositoryUrl),
-        ...{protocol: protocols.includes('https') ? 'https' : 'http'},
-      });
-    }
+    repositoryUrl = format({...parsed, protocol: protocol.includes('https') ? 'https' : 'http', href: null});
  }

  // Test if push is allowed without transforming the URL (e.g. is ssh keys are set up)
  try {
-    await verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch);
-  } catch (err) {
-    const envVar = Object.keys(GIT_TOKENS).find(envVar => !isUndefined(process.env[envVar]));
-    const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVar] || ''}${process.env[envVar] || ''}`;
-    const {protocols, ...parsed} = gitUrlParse(repositoryUrl);
-    const protocol = protocols.includes('https') ? 'https' : protocols.includes('http') ? 'http' : 'https';
+    debug('Verifying ssh auth by attempting to push to  %s', repositoryUrl);
+    await verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch.name, {cwd, env});
+  } catch (_) {
+    debug('SSH key auth failed, falling back to https.');
+    const envVars = Object.keys(GIT_TOKENS).filter((envVar) => !isNil(env[envVar]));

-    // If credentials are set via anvironment variables, convert the URL to http/https and add basic auth, otherwise return `repositoryUrl` as is
-    return gitCredentials ? {...parsed, protocols: [protocol], user: gitCredentials}.toString(protocol) : repositoryUrl;
+    // Skip verification if there is no ambiguity on which env var to use for authentication
+    if (envVars.length === 1) {
+      const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVars[0]] || ''}${env[envVars[0]]}`;
+      return formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials);
+    }
+
+    if (envVars.length > 1) {
+      debug(`Found ${envVars.length} credentials in environment, trying all of them`);
+
+      const candidateRepositoryUrls = [];
+      for (const envVar of envVars) {
+        const gitCredentials = `${GIT_TOKENS[envVar] || ''}${env[envVar]}`;
+        const authUrl = formatAuthUrl(protocol, repositoryUrl, gitCredentials);
+        candidateRepositoryUrls.push(ensureValidAuthUrl(context, authUrl));
+      }
+
+      const validRepositoryUrls = await Promise.all(candidateRepositoryUrls);
+      const chosenAuthUrlIndex = validRepositoryUrls.findIndex((url) => url !== null);
+      if (chosenAuthUrlIndex > -1) {
+        debug(`Using "${envVars[chosenAuthUrlIndex]}" to authenticate`);
+        return validRepositoryUrls[chosenAuthUrlIndex];
+      }
+    }
  }

  return repositoryUrl;
@@ -1,52 +1,45 @@
-const {escapeRegExp, template} = require('lodash');
-const semver = require('semver');
-const pLocate = require('p-locate');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:get-last-release');
-const {gitTags, isRefInHistory, gitTagHead} = require('./git');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isUndefined} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import {makeTag, isSameChannel} from './utils.js';

 /**
 * Last release.
 *
 * @typedef {Object} LastRelease
 * @property {string} version The version number of the last release.
- * @property {string} [gitHead] The Git reference used to make the last release.
+ * @property {string} gitHead The Git reference used to make the last release.
+ * @property {string} gitTag The git tag associated with the last release.
+ * @property {string} channel The channel on which of the last release was published.
+ * @property {string} name The name of the last release.
 */

 /**
 * Determine the Git tag and version of the last tagged release.
 *
- * - Obtain all the tags referencing commits in the current branch history
- * - Filter out the ones that are not valid semantic version or doesn't match the `tagFormat`
+ * - Filter out the branch tags that are not valid semantic version
 * - Sort the versions
 * - Retrive the highest version
 *
- * @param {String} tagFormat Git tag format.
- * @param {Object} logger Global logger.
- * @return {Promise<LastRelease>} The last tagged release or `undefined` if none is found.
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ * @param {Object} params Function parameters.
+ * @param {Object} params.before Find only releases with version number lower than this version.
+ *
+ * @return {LastRelease} The last tagged release or empty object if none is found.
 */
-module.exports = async (tagFormat, logger) => {
-  // Generate a regex to parse tags formatted with `tagFormat`
-  // by replacing the `version` variable in the template by `(.+)`.
-  // The `tagFormat` is compiled with space as the `version` as it's an invalid tag character,
-  // so it's guaranteed to no be present in the `tagFormat`.
-  const tagRegexp = `^${escapeRegExp(template(tagFormat)({version: ' '})).replace(' ', '(.+)')}`;
-
-  const tags = (await gitTags())
-    .map(tag => ({gitTag: tag, version: (tag.match(tagRegexp) || new Array(2))[1]}))
+export default ({branch, options: {tagFormat}}, {before} = {}) => {
+  const [{version, gitTag, channels} = {}] = branch.tags
    .filter(
-      tag => tag.version && semver.valid(semver.clean(tag.version)) && !semver.prerelease(semver.clean(tag.version))
+      (tag) =>
+        ((branch.type === 'prerelease' && tag.channels.some((channel) => isSameChannel(branch.channel, channel))) ||
+          !semver.prerelease(tag.version)) &&
+        (isUndefined(before) || semver.lt(tag.version, before))
    )
    .sort((a, b) => semver.rcompare(a.version, b.version));

-  debug('found tags: %o', tags);
-
-  const tag = await pLocate(tags, tag => isRefInHistory(tag.gitTag), {concurrency: 1, preserveOrder: true});
-
-  if (tag) {
-    logger.log('Found git tag %s associated with version %s', tag.gitTag, tag.version);
-    return {gitHead: await gitTagHead(tag.gitTag), ...tag};
+  if (gitTag) {
+    return {version, gitTag, channels, gitHead: gitTag, name: makeTag(tagFormat, version)};
  }

-  logger.log('No git tag version found');
  return {};
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import {Signale} from 'signale';
+import figures from 'figures';
+
+export default ({stdout, stderr}) =>
+  new Signale({
+    config: {displayTimestamp: true, underlineMessage: false, displayLabel: false},
+    disabled: false,
+    interactive: false,
+    scope: 'semantic-release',
+    stream: [stdout],
+    types: {
+      error: {badge: figures.cross, color: 'red', label: '', stream: [stderr]},
+      log: {badge: figures.info, color: 'magenta', label: '', stream: [stdout]},
+      success: {badge: figures.tick, color: 'green', label: '', stream: [stdout]},
+    },
+  });
@@ -1,14 +1,34 @@
-const semver = require('semver');
-const {FIRST_RELEASE} = require('./definitions/constants');
+import semver from 'semver';
+import {FIRST_RELEASE, FIRSTPRERELEASE} from './definitions/constants.js';
+import {isSameChannel, getLatestVersion, tagsToVersions, highest} from './utils.js';

-module.exports = (type, lastRelease, logger) => {
+export default ({branch, nextRelease: {type, channel}, lastRelease, logger}) => {
  let version;
  if (lastRelease.version) {
-    version = semver.inc(lastRelease.version, type);
+    const {major, minor, patch} = semver.parse(lastRelease.version);
+
+    if (branch.type === 'prerelease') {
+      if (
+        semver.prerelease(lastRelease.version) &&
+        lastRelease.channels.some((lastReleaseChannel) => isSameChannel(lastReleaseChannel, channel))
+      ) {
+        version = highest(
+          semver.inc(lastRelease.version, 'prerelease'),
+          `${semver.inc(getLatestVersion(tagsToVersions(branch.tags), {withPrerelease: true}), type)}-${
+            branch.prerelease
+          }.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}`
+        );
+      } else {
+        version = `${semver.inc(`${major}.${minor}.${patch}`, type)}-${branch.prerelease}.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}`;
+      }
+    } else {
+      version = semver.inc(lastRelease.version, type);
+    }
+
    logger.log('The next release version is %s', version);
  } else {
-    version = FIRST_RELEASE;
-    logger.log('There is no previous release, the next release version is %s', version);
+    version = branch.type === 'prerelease' ? `${FIRST_RELEASE}-${branch.prerelease}.${FIRSTPRERELEASE}` : FIRST_RELEASE;
+    logger.log(`There is no previous release, the next release version is ${version}`);
  }

  return version;
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {uniqBy, intersection} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import semverDiff from 'semver-diff';
+import getLastRelease from './get-last-release.js';
+import {makeTag, getLowerBound} from './utils.js';
+
+/**
+ * Find releases that have been merged from from a higher branch but not added on the channel of the current branch.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} context semantic-release context.
+ *
+ * @return {Array<Object>} Last release and next release to be added on the channel of the current branch.
+ */
+export default (context) => {
+  const {
+    branch,
+    branches,
+    options: {tagFormat},
+  } = context;
+
+  const higherChannels = branches
+    // Consider only releases of higher branches
+    .slice(branches.findIndex(({name}) => name === branch.name) + 1)
+    // Exclude prerelease branches
+    .filter(({type}) => type !== 'prerelease')
+    .map(({channel}) => channel || null);
+
+  const versiontoAdd = uniqBy(
+    branch.tags.filter(
+      ({channels, version}) =>
+        !channels.includes(branch.channel || null) &&
+        intersection(channels, higherChannels).length > 0 &&
+        (branch.type !== 'maintenance' || semver.gte(version, getLowerBound(branch.mergeRange)))
+    ),
+    'version'
+  ).sort((a, b) => semver.compare(b.version, a.version))[0];
+
+  if (versiontoAdd) {
+    const {version, gitTag, channels} = versiontoAdd;
+    const lastRelease = getLastRelease(context, {before: version});
+    if (semver.gt(getLastRelease(context).version, version)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const type = lastRelease.version ? semverDiff(lastRelease.version, version) : 'major';
+    const name = makeTag(tagFormat, version);
+    return {
+      lastRelease,
+      currentRelease: {type, version, channels, gitTag, name, gitHead: gitTag},
+      nextRelease: {
+        type,
+        version,
+        channel: branch.channel || null,
+        gitTag: makeTag(tagFormat, version),
+        name,
+        gitHead: gitTag,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+};
@@ -1,88 +1,196 @@
-const execa = require('execa');
-const debug = require('debug')('semantic-release:git');
+import gitLogParser from 'git-log-parser';
+import getStream from 'get-stream';
+import execa from 'execa';
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:git');
+import {GIT_NOTE_REF} from './definitions/constants.js';
+
+Object.assign(gitLogParser.fields, {hash: 'H', message: 'B', gitTags: 'd', committerDate: {key: 'ci', type: Date}});

 /**
 * Get the commit sha for a given tag.
 *
- * @param {string} tagName Tag name for which to retrieve the commit sha.
+ * @param {String} tagName Tag name for which to retrieve the commit sha.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
- * @return {string} The commit sha of the tag in parameter or `null`.
+ * @return {String} The commit sha of the tag in parameter or `null`.
 */
-async function gitTagHead(tagName) {
-  try {
-    return await execa.stdout('git', ['rev-list', '-1', tagName]);
-  } catch (err) {
-    debug(err);
-  }
+async function getTagHead(tagName, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa('git', ['rev-list', '-1', tagName], execaOptions)).stdout;
 }

 /**
+ * Get all the tags for a given branch.
+ *
+ * @param {String} branch The branch for which to retrieve the tags.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
 * @return {Array<String>} List of git tags.
 * @throws {Error} If the `git` command fails.
 */
-async function gitTags() {
-  return (await execa.stdout('git', ['tag']))
+async function getTags(branch, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa('git', ['tag', '--merged', branch], execaOptions)).stdout
    .split('\n')
-    .map(tag => tag.trim())
-    .filter(tag => Boolean(tag));
+    .map((tag) => tag.trim())
+    .filter(Boolean);
 }

 /**
- * Verify if the `ref` is in the direct history of the current branch.
+ * Retrieve a range of commits.
 *
- * @param {string} ref The reference to look for.
- *
- * @return {boolean} `true` if the reference is in the history of the current branch, falsy otherwise.
+ * @param {String} from to includes all commits made after this sha (does not include this sha).
+ * @param {String} to to includes all commits made before this sha (also include this sha).
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ * @return {Promise<Array<Object>>} The list of commits between `from` and `to`.
 */
-async function isRefInHistory(ref) {
-  try {
-    await execa('git', ['merge-base', '--is-ancestor', ref, 'HEAD']);
-    return true;
-  } catch (err) {
-    if (err.code === 1) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    debug(err);
-    throw err;
-  }
+async function getCommits(from, to, execaOptions) {
+  return (
+    await getStream.array(
+      gitLogParser.parse(
+        {_: `${from ? from + '..' : ''}${to}`},
+        {cwd: execaOptions.cwd, env: {...process.env, ...execaOptions.env}}
+      )
+    )
+  ).map(({message, gitTags, ...commit}) => ({...commit, message: message.trim(), gitTags: gitTags.trim()}));
 }

 /**
- * Unshallow the git repository (retriving every commits and tags).
+ * Get all the repository branches.
 *
 * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Array<String>} List of git branches.
+ * @throws {Error} If the `git` command fails.
 */
-async function unshallow(repositoryUrl) {
-  await execa('git', ['fetch', '--unshallow', '--tags', repositoryUrl], {reject: false});
+async function getBranches(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa('git', ['ls-remote', '--heads', repositoryUrl], execaOptions)).stdout
+    .split('\n')
+    .filter(Boolean)
+    .map((branch) => branch.match(/^.+refs\/heads\/(?<branch>.+)$/)[1]);
 }

 /**
- * @return {string} the sha of the HEAD commit.
+ * Verify if the `ref` exits
+ *
+ * @param {String} ref The reference to verify.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean} `true` if the reference exists, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function gitHead() {
-  return execa.stdout('git', ['rev-parse', 'HEAD']);
-}
-
-/**
- * @return {string} The value of the remote git URL.
- */
-async function repoUrl() {
+async function isRefExists(ref, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return await execa.stdout('git', ['remote', 'get-url', 'origin']);
-  } catch (err) {
-    debug(err);
+    return (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', '--verify', ref], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
  }
 }

 /**
+ * Fetch all the tags from a branch. Unshallow if necessary.
+ * This will update the local branch from the latest on the remote if:
+ * - The branch is not the one that triggered the CI
+ * - The CI created a detached head
+ *
+ * Otherwise it just calls `git fetch` without specifying the `refspec` option to avoid overwritting the head commit set by the CI.
+ *
+ * The goal is to retrieve the informations on all the release branches without "disturbing" the CI, leaving the trigger branch or the detached head intact.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {String} branch The repository branch to fetch.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ */
+async function fetch(repositoryUrl, branch, ciBranch, execaOptions) {
+  const isDetachedHead =
+    (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'], {...execaOptions, reject: false})).stdout === 'HEAD';
+
+  try {
+    await execa(
+      'git',
+      [
+        'fetch',
+        '--unshallow',
+        '--tags',
+        ...(branch === ciBranch && !isDetachedHead
+          ? [repositoryUrl]
+          : ['--update-head-ok', repositoryUrl, `+refs/heads/${branch}:refs/heads/${branch}`]),
+      ],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  } catch (_) {
+    await execa(
+      'git',
+      [
+        'fetch',
+        '--tags',
+        ...(branch === ciBranch && !isDetachedHead
+          ? [repositoryUrl]
+          : ['--update-head-ok', repositoryUrl, `+refs/heads/${branch}:refs/heads/${branch}`]),
+      ],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unshallow the git repository if necessary and fetch all the notes.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ */
+async function fetchNotes(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    await execa(
+      'git',
+      ['fetch', '--unshallow', repositoryUrl, `+refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}:refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`],
+      execaOptions
+    );
+  } catch (_) {
+    await execa('git', ['fetch', repositoryUrl, `+refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}:refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`], {
+      ...execaOptions,
+      reject: false,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the HEAD sha.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {String} the sha of the HEAD commit.
+ */
+async function getGitHead(execaOptions) {
+  return (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', 'HEAD'], execaOptions)).stdout;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the repository remote URL.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {string} The value of the remote git URL.
+ */
+async function repoUrl(execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    return (await execa('git', ['config', '--get', 'remote.origin.url'], execaOptions)).stdout;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test if the current working directory is a Git repository.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
 * @return {Boolean} `true` if the current working directory is in a git repository, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function isGitRepo() {
+async function isGitRepo(execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', '--git-dir'])).code === 0;
-  } catch (err) {
-    debug(err);
+    return (await execa('git', ['rev-parse', '--git-dir'], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
  }
 }

@@ -90,16 +198,17 @@ async function isGitRepo() {
 * Verify the write access authorization to remote repository with push dry-run.
 *
 * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
- * @param {String} branch The repositoru branch for which to verify write access.
+ * @param {String} branch The repository branch for which to verify write access.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @throws {Error} if not authorized to push.
 */
-async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch) {
+async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    await execa('git', ['push', '--dry-run', repositoryUrl, `HEAD:${branch}`]);
-  } catch (err) {
-    debug(err);
-    throw err;
+    await execa('git', ['push', '--dry-run', '--no-verify', repositoryUrl, `HEAD:${branch}`], execaOptions);
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+    throw error;
  }
 }

@@ -107,59 +216,160 @@ async function verifyAuth(repositoryUrl, branch) {
 * Tag the commit head on the local repository.
 *
 * @param {String} tagName The name of the tag.
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference to tag.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
 * @throws {Error} if the tag creation failed.
 */
-async function tag(tagName) {
-  await execa('git', ['tag', tagName]);
+async function tag(tagName, ref, execaOptions) {
+  await execa('git', ['tag', tagName, ref], execaOptions);
 }

 /**
 * Push to the remote repository.
 *
 * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
- * @param {String} branch The branch to push.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
 * @throws {Error} if the push failed.
 */
-async function push(repositoryUrl, branch) {
-  await execa('git', ['push', '--tags', repositoryUrl, `HEAD:${branch}`]);
+async function push(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  await execa('git', ['push', '--tags', repositoryUrl], execaOptions);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Push notes to the remote repository.
+ *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error} if the push failed.
+ */
+async function pushNotes(repositoryUrl, execaOptions) {
+  await execa('git', ['push', repositoryUrl, `refs/notes/${GIT_NOTE_REF}`], execaOptions);
 }

 /**
 * Verify a tag name is a valid Git reference.
 *
- * @param {string} tagName the tag name to verify.
- * @return {boolean} `true` if valid, falsy otherwise.
+ * @param {String} tagName the tag name to verify.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean} `true` if valid, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function verifyTagName(tagName) {
+async function verifyTagName(tagName, execaOptions) {
  try {
-    return (await execa('git', ['check-ref-format', `refs/tags/${tagName}`])).code === 0;
-  } catch (err) {
-    debug(err);
+    return (await execa('git', ['check-ref-format', `refs/tags/${tagName}`], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verify a branch name is a valid Git reference.
+ *
+ * @param {String} branch the branch name to verify.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean} `true` if valid, falsy otherwise.
+ */
+async function verifyBranchName(branch, execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    return (await execa('git', ['check-ref-format', `refs/heads/${branch}`], execaOptions)).exitCode === 0;
+  } catch (error) {
+    debug(error);
  }
 }

 /**
 * Verify the local branch is up to date with the remote one.
 *
+ * @param {String} repositoryUrl The remote repository URL.
 * @param {String} branch The repository branch for which to verify status.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
 *
 * @return {Boolean} `true` is the HEAD of the current local branch is the same as the HEAD of the remote branch, falsy otherwise.
 */
-async function isBranchUpToDate(branch) {
-  return isRefInHistory(await execa.stdout('git', ['rev-parse', `origin/${branch}`]));
+async function isBranchUpToDate(repositoryUrl, branch, execaOptions) {
+  return (
+    (await getGitHead(execaOptions)) ===
+    (await execa('git', ['ls-remote', '--heads', repositoryUrl, branch], execaOptions)).stdout.match(/^(?<ref>\w+)?/)[1]
+  );
 }

-module.exports = {
-  gitTagHead,
-  gitTags,
-  isRefInHistory,
-  unshallow,
-  gitHead,
+/**
+ * Get and parse the JSON note of a given reference.
+ *
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference for which to retrieve the note.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ *
+ * @return {Object} the parsed JSON note if there is one, an empty object otherwise.
+ */
+async function getNote(ref, execaOptions) {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse((await execa('git', ['notes', '--ref', GIT_NOTE_REF, 'show', ref], execaOptions)).stdout);
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error.exitCode === 1) {
+      return {};
+    }
+
+    debug(error);
+    throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add JSON note to a given reference.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} note The object to save in the reference note.
+ * @param {String} ref The Git reference to add the note to.
+ * @param {Object} [execaOpts] Options to pass to `execa`.
+ */
+async function addNote(note, ref, execaOptions) {
+  await execa('git', ['notes', '--ref', GIT_NOTE_REF, 'add', '-f', '-m', JSON.stringify(note), ref], execaOptions);
+}
+
+const exported = {
+  getTagHead,
+  getTags,
+  getCommits,
+  getBranches,
+  isRefExists,
+  fetch,
+  fetchNotes,
+  getGitHead,
  repoUrl,
  isGitRepo,
  verifyAuth,
  tag,
  push,
+  pushNotes,
  verifyTagName,
  isBranchUpToDate,
+  verifyBranchName,
+  getNote,
+  addNote,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {
+  getTagHead,
+  getTags,
+  getCommits,
+  getBranches,
+  isRefExists,
+  fetch,
+  fetchNotes,
+  getGitHead,
+  repoUrl,
+  isGitRepo,
+  verifyAuth,
+  tag,
+  push,
+  pushNotes,
+  verifyTagName,
+  isBranchUpToDate,
+  verifyBranchName,
+  getNote,
+  addNote,
 };
@@ -1,11 +1,21 @@
-const {escapeRegExp} = require('lodash');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {escapeRegExp, size, isString} = lodash
+import {SECRET_REPLACEMENT, SECRET_MIN_SIZE} from './definitions/constants.js';

-const toReplace = Object.keys(process.env).filter(
-  envVar => /token|password|credential|secret|private/i.test(envVar) && process.env[envVar].trim()
-);
+export default (env) => {
+  const toReplace = Object.keys(env).filter((envVar) => {
+    // https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues/1558
+    if (envVar === 'GOPRIVATE') {
+      return false;
+    }

-const regexp = new RegExp(toReplace.map(envVar => escapeRegExp(process.env[envVar])).join('|'), 'g');
+    return /token|password|credential|secret|private/i.test(envVar) && size(env[envVar].trim()) >= SECRET_MIN_SIZE;
+  });

-module.exports = output => {
-  return output && toReplace.length > 0 ? output.toString().replace(regexp, '[secure]') : output;
+  const regexp = new RegExp(
+    toReplace.map((envVar) => `${escapeRegExp(env[envVar])}|${escapeRegExp(encodeURI(env[envVar]))}`).join('|'),
+    'g'
+  );
+  return (output) =>
+    output && isString(output) && toReplace.length > 0 ? output.toString().replace(regexp, SECRET_REPLACEMENT) : output;
 };
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-const chalk = require('chalk');
-
-/**
- * Logger with `log` and `error` function.
- */
-module.exports = {
-  log(...args) {
-    const [format, ...rest] = args;
-    console.log(
-      `${chalk.grey('[Semantic release]:')}${
-        typeof format === 'string' ? ` ${format.replace(/%[^%]/g, seq => chalk.magenta(seq))}` : ''
-      }`,
-      ...(typeof format === 'string' ? [] : [format]).concat(rest)
-    );
-  },
-  error(...args) {
-    const [format, ...rest] = args;
-    console.error(
-      `${chalk.grey('[Semantic release]:')}${typeof format === 'string' ? ` ${chalk.red(format)}` : ''}`,
-      ...(typeof format === 'string' ? [] : [format]).concat(rest)
-    );
-  },
-};
@@ -1,40 +1,94 @@
-const {isArray, isObject, omit, castArray, isUndefined} = require('lodash');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const getError = require('../get-error');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('../definitions/plugins');
-const pipeline = require('./pipeline');
-const normalize = require('./normalize');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {identity, isPlainObject, omit, castArray, isNil, isString} = lodash
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';
+import getError from '../get-error.js';
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from '../definitions/plugins.js';
+import {validatePlugin, validateStep, loadPlugin, parseConfig} from './utils.js';
+import pipeline from './pipeline.js';
+import normalize from './normalize.js';

-module.exports = (options, pluginsPath, logger) => {
+export default (context, pluginsPath) => {
+  let {options, logger} = context;
  const errors = [];
-  const plugins = Object.keys(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS).reduce((plugins, pluginType) => {
-    const {config, default: def} = PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[pluginType];
-    let pluginConfs;

-    if (isUndefined(options[pluginType])) {
-      pluginConfs = def;
-    } else {
-      // If an object is passed and the path is missing, set the default one for single plugins
-      if (isObject(options[pluginType]) && !options[pluginType].path && !isArray(def)) {
-        options[pluginType].path = def;
-      }
-      if (config && !config.validator(options[pluginType])) {
-        errors.push(getError('EPLUGINCONF', {pluginType, pluginConf: options[pluginType]}));
+  const plugins = options.plugins
+    ? castArray(options.plugins).reduce((plugins, plugin) => {
+        if (validatePlugin(plugin)) {
+          const [name, config] = parseConfig(plugin);
+          plugin = isString(name) ? loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath) : name;
+
+          if (isPlainObject(plugin)) {
+            Object.entries(plugin).forEach(([type, func]) => {
+              if (PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[type]) {
+                Reflect.defineProperty(func, 'pluginName', {
+                  value: isPlainObject(name) ? 'Inline plugin' : name,
+                  writable: false,
+                  enumerable: true,
+                });
+                plugins[type] = [...(plugins[type] || []), [func, config]];
+              }
+            });
+          } else {
+            errors.push(getError('EPLUGINSCONF', {plugin}));
+          }
+        } else {
+          errors.push(getError('EPLUGINSCONF', {plugin}));
+        }
+
        return plugins;
-      }
-      pluginConfs = options[pluginType];
-    }
+      }, {})
+    : [];

-    const globalOpts = omit(options, Object.keys(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS));
-
-    plugins[pluginType] = pipeline(
-      castArray(pluginConfs).map(conf => normalize(pluginType, pluginsPath, globalOpts, conf, logger))
-    );
-
-    return plugins;
-  }, {});
  if (errors.length > 0) {
    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }
-  return plugins;
+
+  options = {...plugins, ...options};
+
+  const pluginsConf = Object.entries(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS).reduce(
+    (pluginsConf, [type, {required, default: def, pipelineConfig, postprocess = identity, preprocess = identity}]) => {
+      let pluginOptions;
+
+      if (isNil(options[type]) && def) {
+        pluginOptions = def;
+      } else {
+        // If an object is passed and the path is missing, merge it with step options
+        if (isPlainObject(options[type]) && !options[type].path) {
+          options[type] = castArray(plugins[type]).map((plugin) =>
+            plugin ? [plugin[0], Object.assign(plugin[1], options[type])] : plugin
+          );
+        }
+
+        if (!validateStep({required}, options[type])) {
+          errors.push(getError('EPLUGINCONF', {type, required, pluginConf: options[type]}));
+          return pluginsConf;
+        }
+
+        pluginOptions = options[type];
+      }
+
+      const steps = castArray(pluginOptions).map((pluginOpt) =>
+        normalize(
+          {...context, options: omit(options, Object.keys(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS), 'plugins')},
+          type,
+          pluginOpt,
+          pluginsPath
+        )
+      );
+
+      pluginsConf[type] = async (input) =>
+        postprocess(
+          await pipeline(steps, pipelineConfig && pipelineConfig(pluginsConf, logger))(await preprocess(input)),
+          input
+        );
+
+      return pluginsConf;
+    },
+    plugins
+  );
+  if (errors.length > 0) {
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
+  }
+
+  return pluginsConf;
 };
@@ -1,56 +1,69 @@
-const {dirname} = require('path');
-const {isString, isPlainObject, isFunction, noop, cloneDeep} = require('lodash');
-const resolveFrom = require('resolve-from');
-const getError = require('../get-error');
-const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
-const PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS = require('../definitions/plugins');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isPlainObject, isFunction, noop, cloneDeep, omit} = lodash
+import debugFactory from 'debug';
+const debug = debugFactory('semantic-release:plugins');
+import getError from '../get-error.js';
+import {extractErrors} from '../utils.js';
+import PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS from '../definitions/plugins.js';
+import {loadPlugin, parseConfig} from './utils.js';

-module.exports = (pluginType, pluginsPath, globalOpts, pluginOpts, logger) => {
-  if (!pluginOpts) {
+export default (context, type, pluginOpt, pluginsPath) => {
+  const {stdout, stderr, options, logger} = context;
+  if (!pluginOpt) {
    return noop;
  }

-  const {path, ...config} = isString(pluginOpts) || isFunction(pluginOpts) ? {path: pluginOpts} : pluginOpts;
-  const pluginName = isFunction(path) ? `[Function: ${path.name}]` : path;
+  const [name, config] = parseConfig(pluginOpt);
+  const pluginName = name.pluginName ? name.pluginName : isFunction(name) ? `[Function: ${name.name}]` : name;
+  const plugin = loadPlugin(context, name, pluginsPath);

-  if (!isFunction(pluginOpts)) {
-    if (pluginsPath[path]) {
-      logger.log('Load plugin %s from %s in shareable config %s', pluginType, path, pluginsPath[path]);
-    } else {
-      logger.log('Load plugin %s from %s', pluginType, path);
-    }
-  }
-
-  const basePath = pluginsPath[path]
-    ? dirname(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, pluginsPath[path]) || resolveFrom(process.cwd(), pluginsPath[path]))
-    : __dirname;
-  const plugin = isFunction(path)
-    ? path
-    : require(resolveFrom.silent(basePath, path) || resolveFrom(process.cwd(), path));
+  debug(`options for ${pluginName}/${type}: %O`, config);

  let func;
  if (isFunction(plugin)) {
-    func = plugin.bind(null, cloneDeep({...globalOpts, ...config}));
-  } else if (isPlainObject(plugin) && plugin[pluginType] && isFunction(plugin[pluginType])) {
-    func = plugin[pluginType].bind(null, cloneDeep({...globalOpts, ...config}));
+    func = plugin.bind(null, cloneDeep({...options, ...config}));
+  } else if (isPlainObject(plugin) && plugin[type] && isFunction(plugin[type])) {
+    func = plugin[type].bind(null, cloneDeep({...options, ...config}));
  } else {
-    throw getError('EPLUGIN', {pluginType, pluginName});
+    throw getError('EPLUGIN', {type, pluginName});
  }

-  const validator = async input => {
-    const definition = PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[pluginType];
+  const validator = async (input) => {
+    const {dryRun, outputValidator} = PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[type] || {};
    try {
-      const result = await func(cloneDeep(input));
-      if (definition && definition.output && !definition.output.validator(result)) {
-        throw getError(PLUGINS_DEFINITIONS[pluginType].output.error, {result, pluginName});
+      if (!input.options.dryRun || dryRun) {
+        logger.log(`Start step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
+        const result = await func({
+          ...cloneDeep(omit(input, ['stdout', 'stderr', 'logger'])),
+          stdout,
+          stderr,
+          logger: logger.scope(logger.scopeName, pluginName),
+        });
+        if (outputValidator && !outputValidator(result)) {
+          throw getError(`E${type.toUpperCase()}OUTPUT`, {result, pluginName});
+        }
+
+        logger.success(`Completed step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
+        return result;
      }
-      return result;
-    } catch (err) {
-      extractErrors(err).forEach(err => Object.assign(err, {pluginName}));
-      throw err;
+
+      logger.warn(`Skip step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}" in dry-run mode`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      logger.error(`Failed step "${type}" of plugin "${pluginName}"`);
+      extractErrors(error).forEach((err) => Object.assign(err, {pluginName}));
+      throw error;
    }
  };

  Reflect.defineProperty(validator, 'pluginName', {value: pluginName, writable: false, enumerable: true});
+
+  if (!isFunction(pluginOpt)) {
+    if (pluginsPath[name]) {
+      logger.success(`Loaded plugin "${type}" from "${pluginName}" in shareable config "${pluginsPath[name]}"`);
+    } else {
+      logger.success(`Loaded plugin "${type}" from "${pluginName}"`);
+    }
+  }
+
  return validator;
 };
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-const {identity} = require('lodash');
-const pReduce = require('p-reduce');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {identity} = lodash
+import pReduce from 'p-reduce';
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';
+import {extractErrors} from '../utils.js';

 /**
- * A Function that execute a list of function sequencially. If at least one Function ins the pipeline throw an Error or rejects, the pipeline function rejects as well.
+ * A Function that execute a list of function sequencially. If at least one Function ins the pipeline throws an Error or rejects, the pipeline function rejects as well.
 *
 * @typedef {Function} Pipeline
 * @param {Any} input Argument to pass to the first step in the pipeline.
- * @param {Object} options Pipeline options.
- * @param {Boolean} [options.settleAll=false] If `true` all the steps in the pipeline are executed, even if one rejects, if `false` the execution stops after a steps rejects.
- * @param {Function} [options.getNextInput=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the last and current step results; the returned value will be used as the argument of the next step.
- * @param {Function} [options.transform=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the current step result and the step function; the returned value will be saved in the pipeline results.
 *
 * @return {Array<*>|*} An Array with the result of each step in the pipeline; if there is only 1 step in the pipeline, the result of this step is returned directly.
 *
@@ -22,34 +19,41 @@ const {extractErrors} = require('../utils');
 * Create a Pipeline with a list of Functions.
 *
 * @param {Array<Function>} steps The list of Function to execute.
+ * @param {Object} options Pipeline options.
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.settleAll=false] If `true` all the steps in the pipeline are executed, even if one rejects, if `false` the execution stops after a steps rejects.
+ * @param {Function} [options.getNextInput=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the last step input and the current current step result; the returned value will be used as the input of the next step.
+ * @param {Function} [options.transform=identity] Function called after each step is executed, with the current step result, the step function and the last step input; the returned value will be saved in the pipeline results.
+ *
 * @return {Pipeline} A Function that execute the `steps` sequencially
 */
-module.exports = steps => async (input, {settleAll = false, getNextInput = identity, transform = identity} = {}) => {
+export default (steps, {settleAll = false, getNextInput = identity, transform = identity} = {}) => async (input) => {
  const results = [];
  const errors = [];
  await pReduce(
    steps,
-    async (lastResult, step) => {
+    async (lastInput, step) => {
      let result;
      try {
        // Call the step with the input computed at the end of the previous iteration and save intermediary result
-        result = await transform(await step(lastResult), step);
+        result = await transform(await step(lastInput), step, lastInput);
        results.push(result);
-      } catch (err) {
+      } catch (error) {
        if (settleAll) {
-          errors.push(...extractErrors(err));
-          result = err;
+          errors.push(...extractErrors(error));
+          result = error;
        } else {
-          throw err;
+          throw error;
        }
      }
-      // Prepare input for the next step, passing the result of the last iteration (or initial parameter for the first iteration) and the current one
-      return getNextInput(lastResult, result);
+
+      // Prepare input for the next step, passing the input of the last iteration (or initial parameter for the first iteration) and the result of the current one
+      return getNextInput(lastInput, result);
    },
    input
  );
  if (errors.length > 0) {
-    throw errors.length === 1 ? errors[0] : new AggregateError(errors);
+    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }
-  return results.length <= 1 ? results[0] : results;
+
+  return results;
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import {dirname} from 'path';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isString, isFunction, castArray, isArray, isPlainObject, isNil} = lodash
+import resolveFrom from 'resolve-from';
+
+const validateSteps = (conf) => {
+  return conf.every((conf) => {
+    if (
+      isArray(conf) &&
+      (conf.length === 1 || conf.length === 2) &&
+      (isString(conf[0]) || isFunction(conf[0])) &&
+      (isNil(conf[1]) || isPlainObject(conf[1]))
+    ) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    conf = castArray(conf);
+
+    if (conf.length !== 1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    const [name, config] = parseConfig(conf[0]);
+    return (isString(name) || isFunction(name)) && isPlainObject(config);
+  });
+};
+
+function validatePlugin(conf) {
+  return (
+    isString(conf) ||
+    (isArray(conf) &&
+      (conf.length === 1 || conf.length === 2) &&
+      (isString(conf[0]) || isPlainObject(conf[0])) &&
+      (isNil(conf[1]) || isPlainObject(conf[1]))) ||
+    (isPlainObject(conf) && (isNil(conf.path) || isString(conf.path) || isPlainObject(conf.path)))
+  );
+}
+
+function validateStep({required}, conf) {
+  conf = castArray(conf).filter(Boolean);
+  if (required) {
+    return conf.length >= 1 && validateSteps(conf);
+  }
+
+  return conf.length === 0 || validateSteps(conf);
+}
+
+function loadPlugin({cwd}, name, pluginsPath) {
+  const basePath = pluginsPath[name]
+    ? dirname(resolveFrom.silent(__dirname, pluginsPath[name]) || resolveFrom(cwd, pluginsPath[name]))
+    : __dirname;
+  return isFunction(name) ? name : require(resolveFrom.silent(basePath, name) || resolveFrom(cwd, name));
+}
+
+function parseConfig(plugin) {
+  let path;
+  let config;
+  if (isArray(plugin)) {
+    [path, config] = plugin;
+  } else if (isPlainObject(plugin) && !isNil(plugin.path)) {
+    ({path, ...config} = plugin);
+  } else {
+    path = plugin;
+  }
+
+  return [path, config || {}];
+}
+
+const exported = {
+  validatePlugin,
+  validateStep,
+  loadPlugin,
+  parseConfig,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {validatePlugin, validateStep, loadPlugin, parseConfig};
@@ -1,7 +1,121 @@
-const {isFunction} = require('lodash');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {isFunction, union, template} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import hideSensitive from './hide-sensitive.js';

 function extractErrors(err) {
  return err && isFunction(err[Symbol.iterator]) ? [...err] : [err];
 }

-module.exports = {extractErrors};
+function hideSensitiveValues(env, objs) {
+  const hideFunction = hideSensitive(env);
+  return objs.map((object) => {
+    Object.getOwnPropertyNames(object).forEach((prop) => {
+      if (object[prop]) {
+        object[prop] = hideFunction(object[prop]);
+      }
+    });
+    return object;
+  });
+}
+
+function tagsToVersions(tags) {
+  return tags.map(({version}) => version);
+}
+
+function isMajorRange(range) {
+  return /^\d+\.x(?:\.x)?$/i.test(range);
+}
+
+function isMaintenanceRange(range) {
+  return /^\d+\.(?:\d+|x)(?:\.x)?$/i.test(range);
+}
+
+function getUpperBound(range) {
+  const result = semver.valid(range)
+    ? range
+    : ((semver.validRange(range) || '').match(/<(?<upperBound>\d+\.\d+\.\d+(-\d+)?)$/) || [])[1];
+
+  return result
+    ? // https://github.com/npm/node-semver/issues/322
+      result.replace(/-\d+$/, '')
+    : result;
+}
+
+function getLowerBound(range) {
+  return ((semver.validRange(range) || '').match(/(?<lowerBound>\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/) || [])[1];
+}
+
+function highest(version1, version2) {
+  return version1 && version2 ? (semver.gt(version1, version2) ? version1 : version2) : version1 || version2;
+}
+
+function lowest(version1, version2) {
+  return version1 && version2 ? (semver.lt(version1, version2) ? version1 : version2) : version1 || version2;
+}
+
+function getLatestVersion(versions, {withPrerelease} = {}) {
+  return versions.filter((version) => withPrerelease || !semver.prerelease(version)).sort(semver.rcompare)[0];
+}
+
+function getEarliestVersion(versions, {withPrerelease} = {}) {
+  return versions.filter((version) => withPrerelease || !semver.prerelease(version)).sort(semver.compare)[0];
+}
+
+function getFirstVersion(versions, lowerBranches) {
+  const lowerVersion = union(...lowerBranches.map(({tags}) => tagsToVersions(tags))).sort(semver.rcompare);
+  if (lowerVersion[0]) {
+    return versions.sort(semver.compare).find((version) => semver.gt(version, lowerVersion[0]));
+  }
+
+  return getEarliestVersion(versions);
+}
+
+function getRange(min, max) {
+  return `>=${min}${max ? ` <${max}` : ''}`;
+}
+
+function makeTag(tagFormat, version) {
+  return template(tagFormat)({version});
+}
+
+function isSameChannel(channel, otherChannel) {
+  return channel === otherChannel || (!channel && !otherChannel);
+}
+
+const exported = {
+  extractErrors,
+  hideSensitiveValues,
+  tagsToVersions,
+  isMajorRange,
+  isMaintenanceRange,
+  getUpperBound,
+  getLowerBound,
+  highest,
+  lowest,
+  getLatestVersion,
+  getEarliestVersion,
+  getFirstVersion,
+  getRange,
+  makeTag,
+  isSameChannel,
+};
+
+export default exported;
+export {
+  extractErrors,
+  hideSensitiveValues,
+  tagsToVersions,
+  isMajorRange,
+  isMaintenanceRange,
+  getUpperBound,
+  getLowerBound,
+  highest,
+  lowest,
+  getLatestVersion,
+  getEarliestVersion,
+  getFirstVersion,
+  getRange,
+  makeTag,
+  isSameChannel,
+};
@@ -1,29 +1,43 @@
-const {template} = require('lodash');
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
-const {isGitRepo, verifyTagName} = require('./git');
-const getError = require('./get-error');
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {template, isString, isPlainObject} = lodash
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';
+import {isGitRepo, verifyTagName} from './git.js';
+import getError from './get-error.js';

-module.exports = async options => {
+export default async (context) => {
+  const {
+    cwd,
+    env,
+    options: {repositoryUrl, tagFormat, branches},
+  } = context;
  const errors = [];

-  if (!(await isGitRepo())) {
-    errors.push(getError('ENOGITREPO'));
-  } else if (!options.repositoryUrl) {
+  if (!(await isGitRepo({cwd, env}))) {
+    errors.push(getError('ENOGITREPO', {cwd}));
+  } else if (!repositoryUrl) {
    errors.push(getError('ENOREPOURL'));
  }

  // Verify that compiling the `tagFormat` produce a valid Git tag
-  if (!(await verifyTagName(template(options.tagFormat)({version: '0.0.0'})))) {
-    errors.push(getError('EINVALIDTAGFORMAT', {tagFormat: options.tagFormat}));
+  if (!(await verifyTagName(template(tagFormat)({version: '0.0.0'})))) {
+    errors.push(getError('EINVALIDTAGFORMAT', context));
  }

  // Verify the `tagFormat` contains the variable `version` by compiling the `tagFormat` template
  // with a space as the `version` value and verify the result contains the space.
  // The space is used as it's an invalid tag character, so it's guaranteed to no be present in the `tagFormat`.
-  if ((template(options.tagFormat)({version: ' '}).match(/ /g) || []).length !== 1) {
-    errors.push(getError('ETAGNOVERSION', {tagFormat: options.tagFormat}));
+  if ((template(tagFormat)({version: ' '}).match(/ /g) || []).length !== 1) {
+    errors.push(getError('ETAGNOVERSION', context));
  }

+  branches.forEach((branch) => {
+    if (
+      !((isString(branch) && branch.trim()) || (isPlainObject(branch) && isString(branch.name) && branch.name.trim()))
+    ) {
+      errors.push(getError('EINVALIDBRANCH', {branch}));
+    }
+  });
+
  if (errors.length > 0) {
    throw new AggregateError(errors);
  }
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="15 0 500 500" width="500px" height="500px">
+    <path fill="#494949" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M265 300a50 50 0 110-100 50 50 0 010 100zm0-15a35 35 0 100-70 35 35 0 000 70zM189 65v36c2 11 21 55 35 81-18-13-58-43-69-58a92 92 0 01-17-29l-71 40v86c9 5 23 15 31 18 11 4 59 9 88 10-21 9-66 29-85 31-16 3-27 1-34 0v85l69 39c9-4 24-12 31-17 9-7 37-46 52-71-2 22-8 71-15 89-6 15-13 23-17 29l79 45 73-42c1-9 2-28 0-38-1-11-21-55-34-81 18 14 57 44 69 59 11 13 15 24 17 30l74-42v-84c-8-5-24-15-34-19s-58-9-87-10c21-10 66-29 85-31 18-3 29-1 36 1v-87l-70-40-31 19c-9 7-37 46-53 70 3-22 9-71 16-89 6-15 13-24 18-29l-79-45-77 44zm77-65l217 125v250L266 500 49 375V125L266 0z"/>
+</svg>
@@ -1,73 +1,78 @@
 {
  "name": "semantic-release",
+  "type": "module",
  "description": "Automated semver compliant package publishing",
  "version": "0.0.0-development",
  "author": "Stephan Bönnemann <stephan@boennemann.me> (http://boennemann.me)",
+  "ava": {
+    "files": [
+      "test/**/*.test.js"
+    ],
+    "timeout": "2m"
+  },
  "bin": {
    "semantic-release": "bin/semantic-release.js"
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release/issues"
  },
-  "config": {
-    "commitizen": {
-      "path": "cz-conventional-changelog"
-    }
-  },
  "contributors": [
    "Gregor Martynus (https://twitter.com/gr2m)",
    "Pierre Vanduynslager (https://twitter.com/@pvdlg_)"
  ],
  "dependencies": {
-    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer": "^5.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer": "^8.0.0",
    "@semantic-release/error": "^2.2.0",
-    "@semantic-release/github": "^4.1.0",
-    "@semantic-release/npm": "^3.2.0",
-    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator": "^6.0.0",
-    "aggregate-error": "^1.0.0",
-    "chalk": "^2.3.0",
-    "cosmiconfig": "^5.0.1",
-    "debug": "^3.1.0",
-    "env-ci": "^2.0.0",
-    "execa": "^0.10.0",
-    "get-stream": "^3.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/github": "^7.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/npm": "^7.0.0",
+    "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator": "^9.0.0",
+    "aggregate-error": "^3.0.0",
+    "cosmiconfig": "^7.0.0",
+    "debug": "^4.0.0",
+    "env-ci": "^5.0.0",
+    "execa": "^5.0.0",
+    "figures": "^3.0.0",
+    "find-versions": "^4.0.0",
+    "get-stream": "^6.0.0",
    "git-log-parser": "^1.2.0",
-    "git-url-parse": "^9.0.0",
-    "hook-std": "^0.4.0",
-    "hosted-git-info": "^2.6.0",
-    "lodash": "^4.17.4",
-    "marked": "^0.4.0",
-    "marked-terminal": "^3.0.0",
-    "p-locate": "^2.0.0",
-    "p-reduce": "^1.0.0",
-    "read-pkg-up": "^3.0.0",
-    "resolve-from": "^4.0.0",
-    "semver": "^5.4.1",
-    "yargs": "^11.0.0"
+    "hook-std": "^2.0.0",
+    "hosted-git-info": "^4.0.0",
+    "lodash": "^4.17.21",
+    "marked": "^2.0.0",
+    "marked-terminal": "^4.1.1",
+    "micromatch": "^4.0.2",
+    "p-each-series": "^2.1.0",
+    "p-reduce": "^2.0.0",
+    "read-pkg-up": "^7.0.0",
+    "resolve-from": "^5.0.0",
+    "semver": "^7.3.2",
+    "semver-diff": "^3.1.1",
+    "signale": "^1.2.1",
+    "yargs": "^16.2.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "ava": "^0.25.0",
-    "clear-module": "^2.1.0",
-    "codecov": "^3.0.0",
-    "commitizen": "^2.9.6",
-    "cz-conventional-changelog": "^2.0.0",
-    "delay": "^2.0.0",
-    "dockerode": "^2.5.2",
-    "file-url": "^2.0.2",
-    "fs-extra": "^6.0.0",
-    "got": "^8.0.0",
-    "js-yaml": "^3.10.0",
-    "mockserver-client": "^5.1.1",
-    "nock": "^9.0.2",
-    "nyc": "^11.2.1",
-    "p-retry": "^2.0.0",
-    "proxyquire": "^2.0.0",
-    "sinon": "^5.0.1",
-    "tempy": "^0.2.1",
-    "xo": "^0.21.0"
+    "ava": "3.15.0",
+    "cjs2esm": "^2.0.0",
+    "clear-module": "4.1.1",
+    "codecov": "3.8.2",
+    "delay": "5.0.0",
+    "dockerode": "3.3.0",
+    "file-url": "3.0.0",
+    "fs-extra": "10.0.0",
+    "got": "11.8.2",
+    "js-yaml": "4.1.0",
+    "mockserver-client": "5.11.2",
+    "nock": "13.1.1",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0",
+    "p-retry": "4.6.1",
+    "proxyquire": "2.1.3",
+    "sinon": "11.1.1",
+    "stream-buffers": "3.0.2",
+    "tempy": "1.0.1",
+    "xo": "0.29.1"
  },
  "engines": {
-    "node": ">=8.3"
+    "node": ">=14.17"
  },
  "files": [
    "bin",
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@
    "version"
  ],
  "license": "MIT",
-  "main": "index.js",
+  "exports": "./index.js",
  "nyc": {
    "include": [
      "lib/**/*.js",
@@ -108,25 +113,31 @@
    "trailingComma": "es5"
  },
  "publishConfig": {
-    "tag": "next"
-  },
-  "release": {
-    "branch": "caribou"
+    "access": "public"
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "git+https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release.git"
  },
  "scripts": {
-    "cm": "git-cz",
    "codecov": "codecov -f coverage/coverage-final.json",
    "lint": "xo",
    "pretest": "npm run lint",
    "semantic-release": "./bin/semantic-release.js",
-    "test": "nyc ava -v"
+    "test": "nyc ava -v",
+    "test:ci": "nyc ava -v"
  },
  "xo": {
    "prettier": true,
-    "space": true
+    "space": true,
+    "rules": {
+      "unicorn/string-content": "off",
+      "import/extensions": "off"
+    }
+  },
+  "renovate": {
+    "extends": [
+      "github>semantic-release/.github"
+    ]
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {union} = lodash
+import semver from 'semver';
+import proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
+
+const getBranch = (branches, branch) => branches.find(({name}) => name === branch);
+const release = (branches, name, version) => getBranch(branches, name).tags.push({version});
+const merge = (branches, source, target, tag) => {
+  getBranch(branches, target).tags = union(
+    getBranch(branches, source).tags.filter(({version}) => !tag || semver.cmp(version, '<=', tag)),
+    getBranch(branches, target).tags
+  );
+};
+
+test('Enforce ranges with branching release workflow', async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    {name: '1.x', tags: []},
+    {name: '1.0.x', tags: []},
+    {name: 'master', tags: []},
+    {name: 'next', tags: []},
+    {name: 'next-major', tags: []},
+    {name: 'beta', prerelease: true, tags: []},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true, tags: []},
+  ];
+  const getBranches = proxyquire('../../lib/branches', {'./get-tags': () => branches, './expand': () => []});
+
+  let result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range, '>=1.0.0 <1.0.0', 'Cannot release on 1.0.x before a releasing on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.0.0', 'Cannot release on 1.x before a releasing on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.0');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.0.0');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=1.0.0');
+
+  release(branches, 'master', '1.0.0');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range, '>=1.0.0 <1.0.0', 'Cannot release on 1.0.x before a releasing on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.0.0', 'Cannot release on 1.x before a releasing on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.0');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.0.0');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=1.0.0');
+
+  release(branches, 'master', '1.0.1');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next-major');
+
+  merge(branches, 'master', 'next');
+  merge(branches, 'master', 'next-major');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=1.0.1', 'Can release only > than 1.0.1 on next-major');
+
+  release(branches, 'next', '1.1.0');
+  release(branches, 'next', '1.1.1');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.1 <1.1.0', 'Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.1.1', 'Can release only > than 1.1.1 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=1.1.1', 'Can release > than 1.1.1 on next-major');
+
+  release(branches, 'next-major', '2.0.0');
+  release(branches, 'next-major', '2.0.1');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.1 <1.1.0', 'Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.1.1 <2.0.0', 'Can release only patch or minor, > than 1.1.0 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major');
+
+  merge(branches, 'next-major', 'beta');
+  release(branches, 'beta', '3.0.0-beta.1');
+  merge(branches, 'beta', 'alpha');
+  release(branches, 'alpha', '4.0.0-alpha.1');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major');
+
+  merge(branches, 'master', '1.0.x');
+  merge(branches, 'master', '1.x');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.1 <1.1.0', 'Can release only patch, > than 1.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range,
+    '>=1.0.1 <1.0.1',
+    'Cannot release on 1.0.x before >= 1.1.0 is released on master'
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.0.1', 'Cannot release on 1.x before >= 1.2.0 is released on master');
+
+  release(branches, 'master', '1.0.2');
+  release(branches, 'master', '1.0.3');
+  release(branches, 'master', '1.0.4');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.0.4 <1.1.0', 'Can release only patch, > than 1.0.4 on master');
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range,
+    '>=1.0.1 <1.0.2',
+    'Cannot release on 1.0.x before >= 1.1.0 is released on master'
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.0.2', 'Cannot release on 1.x before >= 1.2.0 is released on master');
+
+  merge(branches, 'next', 'master');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.1.1', 'Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=1.1.1 <2.0.0', 'Can release only patch or minor, > than 1.1.1 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release any version, > than 2.0.1 on next-major');
+  t.is(
+    getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range,
+    '>=1.0.1 <1.0.2',
+    'Cannot release on 1.0.x before 1.0.x version from master are merged'
+  );
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.0.2', 'Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master');
+
+  merge(branches, 'master', '1.0.x', '1.0.4');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.1.1', 'Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range, '>=1.0.4 <1.1.0', 'Can release on 1.0.x only within range');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.0 <1.1.0', 'Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master');
+
+  merge(branches, 'master', '1.x');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=1.1.1', 'Can release only > than 1.1.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range, '>=1.0.4 <1.1.0', 'Can release on 1.0.x only within range');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.1 <1.1.1', 'Cannot release on 1.x before >= 2.0.0 is released on master');
+
+  merge(branches, 'next-major', 'next');
+  merge(branches, 'next', 'master');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release only > than 2.0.1 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release only > than 2.0.1 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=2.0.1', 'Can release only > than 2.0.1 on next-major');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.1.1 <2.0.0', 'Can release on 1.x only within range');
+
+  merge(branches, 'beta', 'master');
+  release(branches, 'master', '3.0.0');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'master').range, '>=3.0.0', 'Can release only > than 3.0.0 on master');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next').range, '>=3.0.0', 'Can release only > than 3.0.0 on next');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, 'next-major').range, '>=3.0.0', 'Can release only > than 3.0.0 on next-major');
+
+  branches.push({name: '1.1.x', tags: []});
+  merge(branches, '1.x', '1.1.x');
+  result = (await getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})).map(({name, range}) => ({
+    name,
+    range,
+  }));
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.0.x').range, '>=1.0.4 <1.1.0', 'Can release on 1.0.x only within range');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.1.x').range, '>=1.1.1 <1.2.0', 'Can release on 1.1.x only within range');
+  t.is(getBranch(result, '1.x').range, '>=1.2.0 <2.0.0', 'Can release on 1.x only within range');
+});
+
+test('Throw SemanticReleaseError for invalid configurations', async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    {name: '123', range: '123', tags: []},
+    {name: '1.x', tags: []},
+    {name: 'maintenance-1', range: '1.x', tags: []},
+    {name: '1.x.x', tags: []},
+    {name: 'beta', prerelease: '', tags: []},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: 'alpha', tags: []},
+    {name: 'preview', prerelease: 'alpha', tags: []},
+  ];
+  const getBranches = proxyquire('../../lib/branches', {'./get-tags': () => branches, './expand': () => []});
+  const errors = [...(await t.throwsAsync(getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})))];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[0].code, 'EMAINTENANCEBRANCH');
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+  t.is(errors[1].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[1].code, 'EMAINTENANCEBRANCHES');
+  t.truthy(errors[1].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[1].details);
+  t.is(errors[2].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[2].code, 'EPRERELEASEBRANCH');
+  t.truthy(errors[2].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[2].details);
+  t.is(errors[3].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[3].code, 'EPRERELEASEBRANCHES');
+  t.truthy(errors[3].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[3].details);
+  t.is(errors[4].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[4].code, 'ERELEASEBRANCHES');
+  t.truthy(errors[4].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[4].details);
+});
+
+test('Throw a SemanticReleaseError if there is duplicate branches', async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: []},
+    {name: 'master', tags: []},
+  ];
+  const getBranches = proxyquire('../../lib/branches', {'./get-tags': () => branches, './expand': () => []});
+
+  const errors = [...(await t.throwsAsync(getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})))];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[0].code, 'EDUPLICATEBRANCHES');
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+});
+
+test('Throw a SemanticReleaseError for each invalid branch name', async (t) => {
+  const branches = [
+    {name: '~master', tags: []},
+    {name: '^master', tags: []},
+  ];
+  const getBranches = proxyquire('../../lib/branches', {'./get-tags': () => branches, './expand': () => []});
+
+  const errors = [...(await t.throwsAsync(getBranches('repositoryUrl', 'master', {options: {branches}})))];
+
+  t.is(errors[0].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[0].code, 'EINVALIDBRANCHNAME');
+  t.truthy(errors[0].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[0].details);
+  t.is(errors[1].name, 'SemanticReleaseError');
+  t.is(errors[1].code, 'EINVALIDBRANCHNAME');
+  t.truthy(errors[1].message);
+  t.truthy(errors[1].details);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import expand from '../../lib/branches/expand.js';
+import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitCheckout, gitPush} from '../helpers/git-utils.js';
+
+test('Expand branches defined with globs', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd, repositoryUrl} = await gitRepo(true);
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, 'master', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('1.0.x', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Second'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, '1.0.x', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('1.x.x', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Third'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, '1.x.x', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('2.x', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Fourth'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, '2.x', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('next', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Fifth'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, 'next', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('pre/foo', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Sixth'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, 'pre/foo', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('pre/bar', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Seventh'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, 'pre/bar', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('beta', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Eighth'], {cwd});
+  await gitPush(repositoryUrl, 'beta', {cwd});
+
+  const branches = [
+    // Should match all maintenance type branches
+    {name: '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x'},
+    {name: 'master', channel: 'latest'},
+    {name: 'next'},
+    {name: 'pre/{foo,bar}', channel: `\${name.replace(/^pre\\//g, '')}`, prerelease: true},
+    // Should be ignored as there is no matching branches in the repo
+    {name: 'missing'},
+    // Should be ignored as the matching branch in the repo is already matched by `/^pre\\/(\\w+)$/gi`
+    {name: '*/foo', channel: 'foo', prerelease: 'foo'},
+    {name: 'beta', channel: `channel-\${name}`, prerelease: true},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(await expand(repositoryUrl, {cwd}, branches), [
+    {name: '1.0.x'},
+    {name: '1.x.x'},
+    {name: '2.x'},
+    {name: 'master', channel: 'latest'},
+    {name: 'next'},
+    {name: 'pre/bar', channel: 'bar', prerelease: true},
+    {name: 'pre/foo', channel: 'foo', prerelease: true},
+    {name: 'beta', channel: 'channel-beta', prerelease: true},
+  ]);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import getTags from '../../lib/branches/get-tags.js';
+import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitTagVersion, gitCheckout, gitAddNote} from '../helpers/git-utils.js';
+
+test('Get the valid tags', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('foo', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(['Second'], {cwd})));
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(['Third'], {cwd})));
+  await gitTagVersion('v3.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  commits.push(...(await gitCommits(['Fourth'], {cwd})));
+  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0-beta.1', undefined, {cwd});
+
+  const result = await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`}}, [{name: 'master'}]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [
+        {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+        {gitTag: 'v2.0.0', version: '2.0.0', channels: [null]},
+        {gitTag: 'v3.0.0-beta.1', version: '3.0.0-beta.1', channels: [null]},
+      ],
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('Get the valid tags from multiple branches', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, '1.x']}), 'v1.0.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Second'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.1.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, '1.x']}), 'v1.1.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('1.x', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('master', false, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Third'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, 'next']}), 'v2.0.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('next', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Fourth'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: ['next']}), 'v3.0.0', {cwd});
+
+  const result = await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`}}, [
+    {name: '1.x'},
+    {name: 'master'},
+    {name: 'next'},
+  ]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    {
+      name: '1.x',
+      tags: [
+        {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null, '1.x']},
+        {gitTag: 'v1.1.0', version: '1.1.0', channels: [null, '1.x']},
+      ],
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [...result[0].tags, {gitTag: 'v2.0.0', version: '2.0.0', channels: [null, 'next']}],
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'next',
+      tags: [...result[1].tags, {gitTag: 'v3.0.0', version: '3.0.0', channels: ['next']}],
+    },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('Return branches with and empty tags array if no valid tag is found', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('foo', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Second'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.x', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Third'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v3.0', undefined, {cwd});
+
+  const result = await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `prefix@v\${version}`}}, [{name: 'master'}]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [{name: 'master', tags: []}]);
+});
+
+test('Return branches with and empty tags array if no valid tag is found in history of configured branches', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('next', true, {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Second'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, 'next']}), 'v1.0.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Third'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, 'next']}), 'v2.0.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCommits(['Fourth'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitAddNote(JSON.stringify({channels: [null, 'next']}), 'v3.0.0', {cwd});
+  await gitCheckout('master', false, {cwd});
+
+  const result = await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `prefix@v\${version}`}}, [{name: 'master'}, {name: 'next'}]);
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, [
+    {name: 'master', tags: []},
+    {name: 'next', tags: []},
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('Get the highest valid tag corresponding to the "tagFormat"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+
+  await gitTagVersion('1.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `\${version}`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {name: 'master', tags: [{gitTag: '1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion('foo-1.0.0-bar', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `foo-\${version}-bar`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {name: 'master', tags: [{gitTag: 'foo-1.0.0-bar', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion('foo-v1.0.0-bar', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `foo-v\${version}-bar`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [{gitTag: 'foo-v1.0.0-bar', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion('(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `(.+)/\${version}/(a-z)`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [{gitTag: '(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion('2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `2.0.0-\${version}-bar.1`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [{gitTag: '2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+    },
+  ]);
+
+  await gitTagVersion('3.0.0-bar.2', undefined, {cwd});
+  t.deepEqual(await getTags({cwd, options: {tagFormat: `\${version}-bar.2`}}, [{name: 'master'}]), [
+    {name: 'master', tags: [{gitTag: '3.0.0-bar.2', version: '3.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+  ]);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import normalize from '../../lib/branches/normalize.js';
+
+const toTags = (versions) => versions.map((version) => ({version}));
+
+test('Maintenance branches - initial state', (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    {name: '1.x', channel: '1.x', tags: []},
+    {name: '1.1.x', tags: []},
+    {name: '1.2.x', tags: []},
+  ];
+  const release = [{name: 'master', tags: []}];
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({maintenance, release}).map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange}) => ({
+      type,
+      name,
+      range,
+      accept,
+      channel,
+      mergeRange,
+    })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.1.x',
+        range: '>=1.1.0 <1.0.0',
+        accept: [],
+        channel: '1.1.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.1.0 <1.2.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.2.x',
+        range: '>=1.2.0 <1.0.0',
+        accept: [],
+        channel: '1.2.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.2.0 <1.3.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.x',
+        range: '>=1.3.0 <1.0.0',
+        accept: [],
+        channel: '1.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.3.0 <2.0.0',
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Maintenance branches - cap range to first release present on default branch and not in any Maintenance one', (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    {name: '1.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '1.2.1', '1.3.0', '1.4.0', '1.5.0'])},
+    {name: 'name', range: '1.1.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.1.0', '1.1.1'])},
+    {name: '1.2.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '1.2.1'])},
+    {name: '2.x.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '1.2.1', '1.5.0'])},
+  ];
+  const release = [
+    {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '1.2.1', '1.3.0', '1.4.0', '1.5.0', '1.6.0', '2.0.0']),
+    },
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .maintenance({maintenance, release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange: maintenanceRange}) => ({
+        type,
+        name,
+        range,
+        accept,
+        channel,
+        mergeRange: maintenanceRange,
+      })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: 'name',
+        range: '>=1.1.1 <1.2.0',
+        accept: ['patch'],
+        channel: 'name',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.1.0 <1.2.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.2.x',
+        range: '>=1.2.1 <1.3.0',
+        accept: ['patch'],
+        channel: '1.2.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.2.0 <1.3.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.x',
+        range: '>=1.5.0 <1.6.0',
+        accept: ['patch'],
+        channel: '1.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.3.0 <2.0.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '2.x.x',
+        range: '>=2.0.0 <1.6.0',
+        accept: [],
+        channel: '2.x.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=2.0.0 <3.0.0',
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Maintenance branches - cap range to default branch last release if all release are also present on maintenance branch', (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [
+    {name: '1.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.2.0', '1.3.0'])},
+    {name: '2.x.x', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.2.0', '1.3.0', '2.0.0'])},
+  ];
+  const release = [{name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.2.0', '1.3.0', '2.0.0'])}];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({maintenance, release}).map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, mergeRange}) => ({
+      type,
+      name,
+      range,
+      accept,
+      channel,
+      mergeRange,
+    })),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '1.x',
+        range: '>=1.3.0 <2.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor'],
+        channel: '1.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=1.0.0 <2.0.0',
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'maintenance',
+        name: '2.x.x',
+        range: '>=2.0.0 <2.0.0',
+        accept: [],
+        channel: '2.x.x',
+        mergeRange: '>=2.0.0 <3.0.0',
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - initial state', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: []},
+    {name: 'next', channel: 'next', tags: []},
+    {name: 'next-major', tags: []},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'master',
+        range: '>=1.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next',
+        range: '>=1.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next',
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next-major',
+        range: '>=1.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next-major',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - 3 release branches', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.0.2'])},
+    {name: 'next', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.0.2', '1.1.0', '1.2.0'])},
+    {name: 'next-major', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.0.2', '1.1.0', '1.2.0', '2.0.0', '2.0.1', '2.1.0'])},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {type: 'release', name: 'master', range: '>=1.0.2 <1.1.0', accept: ['patch'], channel: undefined, main: true},
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next',
+        range: '>=1.2.0 <2.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor'],
+        channel: 'next',
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next-major',
+        range: '>=2.1.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next-major',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - 2 release branches', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0'])},
+    {name: 'next', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.0.1', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '2.0.0', '2.0.1', '2.1.0'])},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'master',
+        range: '>=1.2.0 <2.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor'],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next',
+        range: '>=2.1.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - 1 release branches', (t) => {
+  const release = [{name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0'])}];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.release({release}).map(({type, name, range, accept, channel}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel})),
+    [{type: 'release', name: 'master', range: '>=1.2.0', accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'], channel: undefined}]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - cap ranges to first release only present on following branch', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.2.0', '2.0.0'])},
+    {name: 'next', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.2.0', '2.0.0', '2.1.0'])},
+    {name: 'next-major', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.2.0', '2.0.0', '2.1.0', '2.2.0'])},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {type: 'release', name: 'master', range: '>=2.0.0 <2.1.0', accept: ['patch'], channel: undefined, main: true},
+      {type: 'release', name: 'next', range: '>=2.1.0 <2.2.0', accept: ['patch'], channel: 'next', main: false},
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next-major',
+        range: '>=2.2.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next-major',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - Handle missing previous tags in branch history', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '2.0.0'])},
+    {name: 'next', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '1.1.1', '1.2.0', '2.0.0'])},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'master',
+        range: '>=2.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next',
+        range: '>=2.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Release branches - limit releases on 2nd and 3rd branch based on 1st branch last release', (t) => {
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '2.0.0', '3.0.0'])},
+    {name: 'next', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0'])},
+    {name: 'next-major', tags: toTags(['1.0.0', '1.1.0', '2.0.0'])},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize
+      .release({release})
+      .map(({type, name, range, accept, channel, main}) => ({type, name, range, accept, channel, main})),
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'master',
+        range: '>=3.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: undefined,
+        main: true,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next',
+        range: '>=3.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next',
+        main: false,
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'release',
+        name: 'next-major',
+        range: '>=3.0.0',
+        accept: ['patch', 'minor', 'major'],
+        channel: 'next-major',
+        main: false,
+      },
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Prerelease branches', (t) => {
+  const prerelease = [
+    {name: 'beta', channel: 'beta', prerelease: true, tags: []},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: 'preview', tags: []},
+  ];
+
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.prerelease({prerelease}).map(({type, name, channel}) => ({type, name, channel})),
+    [
+      {type: 'prerelease', name: 'beta', channel: 'beta'},
+      {type: 'prerelease', name: 'alpha', channel: 'alpha'},
+    ]
+  );
+});
+
+test('Allow to set channel to "false" to prevent default', (t) => {
+  const maintenance = [{name: '1.x', channel: false, tags: []}];
+  const release = [
+    {name: 'master', channel: false, tags: []},
+    {name: 'next', channel: false, tags: []},
+  ];
+  const prerelease = [{name: 'beta', channel: false, prerelease: true, tags: []}];
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.maintenance({maintenance, release}).map(({name, channel}) => ({name, channel})),
+    [{name: '1.x', channel: false}]
+  );
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.release({release}).map(({name, channel}) => ({name, channel})),
+    [
+      {name: 'master', channel: false},
+      {name: 'next', channel: false},
+    ]
+  );
+  t.deepEqual(
+    normalize.prerelease({prerelease}).map(({name, channel}) => ({name, channel})),
+    [{name: 'beta', channel: false}]
+  );
+});
@@ -1,45 +1,41 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
-import clearModule from 'clear-module';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {escapeRegExp} = lodash
+const proxyquire = require('proxyquire').noPreserveCache();
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import {SECRET_REPLACEMENT} from '../lib/definitions/constants.js';

-// Save the current process.env and process.argv
-const envBackup = Object.assign({}, process.env);
-const argvBackup = Object.assign({}, process.argv);
-
-test.beforeEach(t => {
-  clearModule('yargs');
+test.beforeEach((t) => {
  t.context.logs = '';
  t.context.errors = '';
-  t.context.stdout = stub(process.stdout, 'write').callsFake(val => {
-    t.context.logs += val.toString();
+  t.context.stdout = sinon.stubprocess.stdout, 'write').callsFake((value) => {
+    t.context.logs += value.toString();
  });
-  t.context.stderr = stub(process.stderr, 'write').callsFake(val => {
-    t.context.errors += val.toString();
+  t.context.stderr = sinon.stubprocess.stderr, 'write').callsFake((value) => {
+    t.context.errors += value.toString();
  });
 });

-test.afterEach.always(t => {
-  process.env = envBackup;
-  process.argv = argvBackup;
+test.afterEach.always((t) => {
  t.context.stdout.restore();
  t.context.stderr.restore();
-  delete process.exitCode;
 });

-test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
-
-  process.argv = [
+test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = [
    '',
    '',
    '-b',
    'master',
+    'next',
    '-r',
    'https://github/com/owner/repo.git',
    '-t',
    `v\${version}`,
+    '-p',
+    'plugin1',
+    'plugin2',
    '-e',
    'config1',
    'config2',
@@ -68,17 +64,19 @@ test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API', async t => {
    '--debug',
    '-d',
  ];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.is(run.args[0][0].branch, 'master');
+  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].branches, ['master', 'next']);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].repositoryUrl, 'https://github/com/owner/repo.git');
  t.is(run.args[0][0].tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
+  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].plugins, ['plugin1', 'plugin2']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].extends, ['config1', 'config2']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].verifyConditions, ['condition1', 'condition2']);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].analyzeCommits, 'analyze');
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].verifyRelease, ['verify1', 'verify2']);
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].generateNotes, 'notes');
+  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].generateNotes, ['notes']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].prepare, ['prepare1', 'prepare2']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].publish, ['publish1', 'publish2']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].success, ['success1', 'success2']);
@@ -86,152 +84,139 @@ test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API', async t => {
  t.is(run.args[0][0].debug, true);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].dryRun, true);

-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
+  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API with alias arguments', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
-
-  process.argv = [
+test.serial('Pass options to semantic-release API with alias arguments', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = [
    '',
    '',
-    '--branch',
+    '--branches',
    'master',
    '--repository-url',
    'https://github/com/owner/repo.git',
    '--tag-format',
    `v\${version}`,
+    '--plugins',
+    'plugin1',
+    'plugin2',
    '--extends',
    'config1',
    'config2',
    '--dry-run',
  ];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

-  t.is(run.args[0][0].branch, 'master');
+  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].branches, ['master']);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].repositoryUrl, 'https://github/com/owner/repo.git');
  t.is(run.args[0][0].tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
+  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].plugins, ['plugin1', 'plugin2']);
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].extends, ['config1', 'config2']);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].dryRun, true);

-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
+  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass unknown options to semantic-release API', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Pass unknown options to semantic-release API', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', '--bool', '--first-option', 'value1', '--second-option', 'value2', '--second-option', 'value3'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = [
-    '',
-    '',
-    '--bool',
-    '--first-option',
-    'value1',
-    '--second-option',
-    'value2',
-    '--second-option',
-    'value3',
-  ];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.is(run.args[0][0].bool, true);
  t.is(run.args[0][0].firstOption, 'value1');
  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].secondOption, ['value2', 'value3']);

-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
+  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Pass empty Array to semantic-release API for list option set to "false"', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Pass empty Array to semantic-release API for list option set to "false"', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', '--publish', 'false'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = ['', '', '--publish', 'false'];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.deepEqual(run.args[0][0].publish, []);

-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
+  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Do not set properties in option for which arg is not in command line', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
-
-  process.argv = ['', '', '-b', 'master'];
+test.serial('Do not set properties in option for which arg is not in command line', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', '-b', 'master'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

  await cli();

-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['ci']));
-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['d']));
-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['dry-run']));
-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['debug']));
-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['r']));
-  t.false(Reflect.apply(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, run.args[0][0], ['t']));
+  t.false('ci' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('d' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('dry-run' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('debug' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('r' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('t' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('p' in run.args[0][0]);
+  t.false('e' in run.args[0][0]);
 });

-test.serial('Set "noCi" options to "true" with "--no-ci"', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Display help', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', '--help'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = ['', '', '--no-ci'];
-
-  await cli();
-
-  t.is(run.args[0][0].noCi, true);
-
-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
-});
-
-test.serial('Display help', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
-
-  process.argv = ['', '', '--help'];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.regex(t.context.logs, /Run automated package publishing/);
-  t.is(process.exitCode, 0);
+  t.is(exitCode, 0);
 });

-test.serial('Returns error code and prints help if called with a command', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Return error exitCode and prints help if called with a command', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', 'pre'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = ['', '', 'pre'];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.regex(t.context.errors, /Run automated package publishing/);
  t.regex(t.context.errors, /Too many non-option arguments/);
-  t.is(process.exitCode, 1);
+  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });

-test.serial('Return error code if multiple plugin are set for single plugin', async t => {
-  const run = stub().resolves(true);
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Return error exitCode if multiple plugin are set for single plugin', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).resolves(true);
+  const argv = ['', '', '--analyze-commits', 'analyze1', 'analyze2'];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = ['', '', '--analyze-commits', 'analyze1', 'analyze2'];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.regex(t.context.errors, /Run automated package publishing/);
  t.regex(t.context.errors, /Too many non-option arguments/);
-  t.is(process.exitCode, 1);
+  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });

-test.serial('Return error code if semantic-release throw error', async t => {
-  const run = stub().rejects(new Error('semantic-release error'));
-  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run});
+test.serial('Return error exitCode if semantic-release throw error', async (t) => {
+  const run = sinon.stub).rejects(new Error('semantic-release error'));
+  const argv = ['', ''];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv}});

-  process.argv = ['', ''];
-
-  await cli();
+  const exitCode = await cli();

  t.regex(t.context.errors, /semantic-release error/);
-  t.is(process.exitCode, 1);
+  t.is(exitCode, 1);
+});
+
+test.serial('Hide sensitive environment variable values from the logs', async (t) => {
+  const env = {MY_TOKEN: 'secret token'};
+  const run = sinon.stub).rejects(new Error(`Throw error: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`));
+  const argv = ['', ''];
+  const cli = proxyquire('../cli', {'.': run, process: {...process, argv, env: {...process.env, ...env}}});
+
+  const exitCode = await cli();
+
+  t.regex(t.context.errors, new RegExp(`Throw error: Exposing token ${escapeRegExp(SECRET_REPLACEMENT)}`));
+  t.is(exitCode, 1);
 });
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import {maintenance, prerelease, release} from '../../lib/definitions/branches.js';
+
+test('A "maintenance" branch is identified by having a "range" property or a "name" formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: '1.x.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: '1.0.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: '1.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: '1.x.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: '1.1.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: ''}));
+  t.true(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: true}));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: null}));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name', range: false}));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({name: 'some-name'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({name: '1.0.0'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.filter({name: 'x.x.x'}));
+});
+
+test('A "maintenance" branches must have a "range" property formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  t.true(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: '1.x.x'}));
+  t.true(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: '1.1.x'}));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: '^1.0.0'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: '>=1.0.0 <2.0.0'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: '1.0.0'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: 'wrong-range'}));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: true}));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', range: ''}));
+});
+
+test('The "maintenance" branches must have unique ranges', (t) => {
+  t.true(maintenance.branchesValidator([{range: '1.x.x'}, {range: '1.0.x'}]));
+
+  t.false(maintenance.branchesValidator([{range: '1.x.x'}, {range: '1.x.x'}]));
+  t.false(maintenance.branchesValidator([{range: '1.x.x'}, {range: '1.x'}]));
+});
+
+test('A "prerelease" branch is identified by having a thruthy "prerelease" property', (t) => {
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: true}));
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: 'beta'}));
+  t.true(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: ''}));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: null}));
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: false}));
+  t.false(prerelease.filter({name: 'some-name'}));
+});
+
+test('A "prerelease" branch must have a valid prerelease detonation in "prerelease" property or in "name" if "prerelease" is "true"', (t) => {
+  t.true(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'beta', prerelease: true}));
+  t.true(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: 'beta'}));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: ''}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: null}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: false}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: '000'}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: 'some-name', prerelease: '#beta'}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: '000', prerelease: true}));
+  t.false(prerelease.branchValidator({name: '#beta', prerelease: true}));
+});
+
+test('The "prerelease" branches must have unique "prerelease" property', (t) => {
+  t.true(prerelease.branchesValidator([{prerelease: 'beta'}, {prerelease: 'alpha'}]));
+
+  t.false(prerelease.branchesValidator([{range: 'beta'}, {range: 'beta'}, {range: 'alpha'}]));
+});
+
+test('A "release" branch is identified by not havin a "range" or "prerelease" property or a "name" formatted like "N.x", "N.x.x" or "N.N.x"', (t) => {
+  t.true(release.filter({name: 'some-name'}));
+
+  t.false(release.filter({name: '1.x.x'}));
+  t.false(release.filter({name: '1.0.x'}));
+  t.false(release.filter({name: 'some-name', range: '1.x.x'}));
+  t.false(release.filter({name: 'some-name', range: '1.1.x'}));
+  t.false(release.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: true}));
+  t.false(release.filter({name: 'some-name', prerelease: 'beta'}));
+});
+
+test('There must be between 1 and 3 release branches', (t) => {
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{name: 'branch1'}]));
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{name: 'branch1'}, {name: 'branch2'}]));
+  t.true(release.branchesValidator([{name: 'branch1'}, {name: 'branch2'}, {name: 'branch3'}]));
+
+  t.false(release.branchesValidator([]));
+  t.false(release.branchesValidator([{name: 'branch1'}, {name: 'branch2'}, {name: 'branch3'}, {name: 'branch4'}]));
+});
@@ -1,133 +1,74 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import plugins from '../../lib/definitions/plugins';
-import errors from '../../lib/definitions/errors';
+import plugins from '../../lib/definitions/plugins.js';
+import {RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR, SECRET_REPLACEMENT} from '../../lib/definitions/constants.js';

-test('The "verifyConditions" plugin, if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator({path: null}));
+test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin output must be either undefined or a valid semver release type', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator('invalid'));
+  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator(1));
+  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator({}));

-  t.true(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyConditions.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
+  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator());
+  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator(null));
+  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.outputValidator('major'));
 });

-test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin is mandatory, and must be a single plugin definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator({path: null}));
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator([]));
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator());
+test('The "generateNotes" plugin output, if defined, must be a string', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(1));
+  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator({}));

-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.config.validator(() => {}));
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator());
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(null));
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator(''));
+  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.outputValidator('string'));
 });

-test('The "verifyRelease" plugin, if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({path: null}));
+test('The "publish" plugin output, if defined, must be an object or "false"', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.publish.outputValidator(1));
+  t.false(plugins.publish.outputValidator('string'));

-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator({}));
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator());
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(null));
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(''));
+  t.true(plugins.publish.outputValidator(false));
 });

-test('The "generateNotes" plugin, if defined, must be a single plugin definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator({path: null}));
-  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator([]));
+test('The "addChannel" plugin output, if defined, must be an object', (t) => {
+  t.false(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(1));
+  t.false(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator('string'));

-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.config.validator(() => {}));
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator({}));
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator());
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(null));
+  t.true(plugins.addChannel.outputValidator(''));
 });

-test('The "prepare" plugin, if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({path: null}));
+test('The "generateNotes" plugins output are concatenated with separator and sensitive data is hidden', (t) => {
+  const env = {MY_TOKEN: 'secret token'};
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', 'note 2'], {env}), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['', 'note'], {env}), 'note');
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess([undefined, 'note'], {env}), 'note');
+  t.is(plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', '', 'note 2'], {env}), `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`);
+  t.is(
+    plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(['note 1', undefined, 'note 2'], {env}),
+    `note 1${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}note 2`
+  );

-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.verifyRelease.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
+  t.is(
+    plugins.generateNotes.postprocess(
+      [`Note 1: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`, `Note 2: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}`],
+      {env}
+    ),
+    `Note 1: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}${RELEASE_NOTES_SEPARATOR}Note 2: Exposing token ${SECRET_REPLACEMENT}`
+  );
 });

-test('The "publish" plugin is mandatory, and must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.publish.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.publish.config.validator({path: null}));
-  t.false(plugins.publish.config.validator());
-
-  t.true(plugins.publish.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
-});
-
-test('The "success" plugin, if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.success.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.success.config.validator({path: null}));
-
-  t.true(plugins.success.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.success.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.success.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.success.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.success.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
-});
-
-test('The "fail" plugin, if defined, must be a single or an array of plugins definition', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.fail.config.validator({}));
-  t.false(plugins.fail.config.validator({path: null}));
-
-  t.true(plugins.fail.config.validator({path: 'plugin-path.js'}));
-  t.true(plugins.fail.config.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.fail.config.validator('plugin-path.js'));
-  t.true(plugins.fail.config.validator(() => {}));
-  t.true(plugins.fail.config.validator([{path: 'plugin-path.js'}, 'plugin-path.js', () => {}]));
-});
-
-test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin output must be either undefined or a valid semver release type', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator('invalid'));
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator(1));
-  t.false(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator({}));
-
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.validator('major'));
-});
-
-test('The "generateNotes" plugin output, if defined, must be a string', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator(1));
-  t.false(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator({}));
-
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator(''));
-  t.true(plugins.generateNotes.output.validator('string'));
-});
-
-test('The "publish" plugin output, if defined, must be an object', t => {
-  t.false(plugins.publish.output.validator(1));
-  t.false(plugins.publish.output.validator('string'));
-
-  t.true(plugins.publish.output.validator({}));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.output.validator());
-  t.true(plugins.publish.output.validator(null));
-  t.true(plugins.publish.output.validator(''));
-});
-
-test('The "analyzeCommits" plugin output definition return an existing error code', t => {
-  t.true(Object.keys(errors).includes(plugins.analyzeCommits.output.error));
-});
-
-test('The "generateNotes" plugin output definition return an existing error code', t => {
-  t.true(Object.keys(errors).includes(plugins.generateNotes.output.error));
-});
-
-test('The "publish" plugin output definition return an existing error code', t => {
-  t.true(Object.keys(errors).includes(plugins.publish.output.error));
+test('The "analyzeCommits" plugins output are reduced to the highest release type', (t) => {
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['major', 'minor']), 'major');
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['', 'minor']), 'minor');
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([undefined, 'patch']), 'patch');
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([null, 'patch']), 'patch');
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['wrong_type', 'minor']), 'minor');
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess([]), undefined);
+  t.is(plugins.analyzeCommits.postprocess(['wrong_type']), undefined);
 });
@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-module.exports = () => {};
-
+export default () => {};
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module.exports = {
+const exported = {
  verifyConditions: () => {},
  getLastRelease: () => {},
  analyzeCommits: () => {},
@@ -6,3 +6,7 @@ module.exports = {
  generateNotes: () => {},
  publish: () => {},
 };
+
+export default exported;
+
+export const {verifyConditions, getLastRelease, analyzeCommits, verifyRelease, generateNotes, publish} = exported;
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const SemanticReleaseError = require('@semantic-release/error');
+import SemanticReleaseError from '@semantic-release/error';

 class InheritedError extends SemanticReleaseError {
-  constructor(message, code, newProperty) {
+  constructor(message, code) {
    super(message);
    Error.captureStackTrace(this, this.constructor);
    this.name = this.constructor.name;
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ class InheritedError extends SemanticReleaseError {
  }
 }

-module.exports = () => {
+export default () => {
  throw new InheritedError('Inherited error', 'EINHERITED');
 };
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module.exports = () => {
+export default () => {
  const error = new Error('a');
  error.errorProperty = 'errorProperty';
  throw error;
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-const AggregateError = require('aggregate-error');
+import AggregateError from 'aggregate-error';

-module.exports = () => {
+export default () => {
  throw new AggregateError([new Error('a'), new Error('b')]);
 };
@@ -1 +1 @@
-module.exports = (pluginConfig, options) => options;
+export default (pluginConfig, context) => context;
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export default (pluginConfig, {env, logger}) => {
+  console.log(`Console: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
+  logger.log(`Log: Exposing token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
+  logger.error(`Error: Console token ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
+  throw new Error(`Throw error: Exposing ${env.MY_TOKEN}`);
+};
@@ -1 +1 @@
-module.exports = () => {};
+export default () => {};
@@ -1 +1 @@
-module.exports = (pluginConfig, options) => ({pluginConfig, options});
+export default (pluginConfig, context) => ({pluginConfig, context});
@@ -1,61 +1,61 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
-import getCommits from '../lib/get-commits';
-import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitDetachedHead} from './helpers/git-utils';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import getCommits from '../lib/get-commits.js';
+import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitDetachedHead} from './helpers/git-utils.js';

-// Save the current working diretory
-const cwd = process.cwd();
-
-test.beforeEach(t => {
+test.beforeEach((t) => {
  // Stub the logger functions
-  t.context.log = stub();
-  t.context.error = stub();
+  t.context.log = sinon.stub();
+  t.context.error = sinon.stub();
  t.context.logger = {log: t.context.log, error: t.context.error};
 });

-test.afterEach.always(() => {
-  // Restore the current working directory
-  process.chdir(cwd);
-});
-
-test.serial('Get all commits when there is no last release', async t => {
+test('Get all commits when there is no last release', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
  // Add commits to the master branch
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second']);
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second'], {cwd});

  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module
-  const result = await getCommits(undefined, 'master', t.context.logger);
+  const result = await getCommits({cwd, lastRelease: {}, logger: t.context.logger});

  // Verify the commits created and retrieved by the module are identical
  t.is(result.length, 2);
  t.deepEqual(result, commits);
 });

-test.serial('Get all commits since gitHead (from lastRelease)', async t => {
+test('Get all commits since gitHead (from lastRelease)', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
  // Add commits to the master branch
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second', 'Third']);
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second', 'Third'], {cwd});

  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module, since commit 'First'
-  const result = await getCommits(commits[commits.length - 1].hash, 'master', t.context.logger);
+  const result = await getCommits({
+    cwd,
+    lastRelease: {gitHead: commits[commits.length - 1].hash},
+    logger: t.context.logger,
+  });

  // Verify the commits created and retrieved by the module are identical
  t.is(result.length, 2);
  t.deepEqual(result, commits.slice(0, 2));
 });

-test.serial('Get all commits since gitHead (from lastRelease) on a detached head repo', async t => {
+test('Get all commits since gitHead (from lastRelease) on a detached head repo', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  const repo = await gitRepo();
+  let {cwd, repositoryUrl} = await gitRepo();
  // Add commits to the master branch
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second', 'Third']);
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second', 'Third'], {cwd});
  // Create a detached head repo at commit 'feat: Second'
-  await gitDetachedHead(repo, commits[1].hash);
+  cwd = await gitDetachedHead(repositoryUrl, commits[1].hash);

  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module, since commit 'First'
-  const result = await getCommits(commits[commits.length - 1].hash, 'master', t.context.logger);
+  const result = await getCommits({
+    cwd,
+    lastRelease: {gitHead: commits[commits.length - 1].hash},
+    logger: t.context.logger,
+  });

  // Verify the module retrieved only the commit 'feat: Second' (included in the detached and after 'fix: First')
  t.is(result.length, 1);
@@ -66,25 +66,48 @@ test.serial('Get all commits since gitHead (from lastRelease) on a detached head
  t.truthy(result[0].committer.name);
 });

-test.serial('Return empty array if lastRelease.gitHead is the last commit', async t => {
+test('Get all commits between lastRelease.gitHead and a shas', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
  // Add commits to the master branch
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second']);
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second', 'Third'], {cwd});
+
+  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module, between commit 'First' and 'Third'
+  const result = await getCommits({
+    cwd,
+    lastRelease: {gitHead: commits[commits.length - 1].hash},
+    nextRelease: {gitHead: commits[1].hash},
+    logger: t.context.logger,
+  });
+
+  // Verify the commits created and retrieved by the module are identical
+  t.is(result.length, 1);
+  t.deepEqual(result, commits.slice(1, -1));
+});
+
+test('Return empty array if lastRelease.gitHead is the last commit', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  // Add commits to the master branch
+  const commits = await gitCommits(['First', 'Second'], {cwd});

  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module, since commit 'Second' (therefore none)
-  const result = await getCommits(commits[0].hash, 'master', t.context.logger);
+  const result = await getCommits({
+    cwd,
+    lastRelease: {gitHead: commits[0].hash},
+    logger: t.context.logger,
+  });

  // Verify no commit is retrieved
  t.deepEqual(result, []);
 });

-test.serial('Return empty array if there is no commits', async t => {
+test('Return empty array if there is no commits', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();

  // Retrieve the commits with the commits module
-  const result = await getCommits(undefined, 'master', t.context.logger);
+  const result = await getCommits({cwd, lastRelease: {}, logger: t.context.logger});

  // Verify no commit is retrieved
  t.deepEqual(result, []);
@@ -1,302 +1,383 @@
+import path from 'path';
 import {format} from 'util';
 import test from 'ava';
 import {writeFile, outputJson} from 'fs-extra';
-import {omit} from 'lodash';
+import lodash from 'lodash'
+const {omit} = lodash
 import proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
 import yaml from 'js-yaml';
-import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitShallowClone, gitAddConfig} from './helpers/git-utils';
+import {gitRepo, gitTagVersion, gitCommits, gitShallowClone, gitAddConfig} from './helpers/git-utils.js';

-// Save the current process.env
-const envBackup = Object.assign({}, process.env);
-// Save the current working diretory
-const cwd = process.cwd();
+const DEFAULT_PLUGINS = [
+  '@semantic-release/commit-analyzer',
+  '@semantic-release/release-notes-generator',
+  '@semantic-release/npm',
+  '@semantic-release/github',
+];

-test.beforeEach(t => {
-  delete process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS;
-  delete process.env.GH_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GITHUB_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GL_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GITLAB_TOKEN;
-  // Delete environment variables that could have been set on the machine running the tests
-  t.context.plugins = stub().returns({});
+test.beforeEach((t) => {
+  t.context.plugins = sinon.stub).returns({});
  t.context.getConfig = proxyquire('../lib/get-config', {'./plugins': t.context.plugins});
 });

-test.afterEach.always(() => {
-  // Restore process.env
-  process.env = envBackup;
-  // Restore the current working directory
-  process.chdir(cwd);
-});
-
-test.serial('Default values, reading repositoryUrl from package.json', async t => {
+test('Default values, reading repositoryUrl from package.json', async (t) => {
  const pkg = {repository: 'https://host.null/owner/package.git'};
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo(true);
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0', undefined, {cwd});
+  await gitTagVersion('v1.1.0', undefined, {cwd});
  // Add remote.origin.url config
-  await gitAddConfig('remote.origin.url', 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git');
+  await gitAddConfig('remote.origin.url', 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git', {cwd});
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', pkg);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), pkg);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

  // Verify the default options are set
-  t.is(options.branch, 'master');
-  t.is(options.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/package.git');
-  t.is(options.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
+  t.deepEqual(result.branches, [
+    '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x',
+    'master',
+    'next',
+    'next-major',
+    {name: 'beta', prerelease: true},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true},
+  ]);
+  t.is(result.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/package.git');
+  t.is(result.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
 });

-test.serial('Default values, reading repositoryUrl from repo if not set in package.json', async t => {
+test('Default values, reading repositoryUrl from repo if not set in package.json', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo(true);
  // Add remote.origin.url config
-  await gitAddConfig('remote.origin.url', 'https://host.null/owner/module.git');
+  await gitAddConfig('remote.origin.url', 'https://host.null/owner/module.git', {cwd});

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

  // Verify the default options are set
-  t.is(options.branch, 'master');
-  t.is(options.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/module.git');
-  t.is(options.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
+  t.deepEqual(result.branches, [
+    '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x',
+    'master',
+    'next',
+    'next-major',
+    {name: 'beta', prerelease: true},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true},
+  ]);
+  t.is(result.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/module.git');
+  t.is(result.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
 });

-test.serial('Default values, reading repositoryUrl (http url) from package.json if not set in repo', async t => {
+test('Default values, reading repositoryUrl (http url) from package.json if not set in repo', async (t) => {
  const pkg = {repository: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git'};
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', pkg);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), pkg);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

  // Verify the default options are set
-  t.is(options.branch, 'master');
-  t.is(options.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/module.git');
-  t.is(options.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
+  t.deepEqual(result.branches, [
+    '+([0-9])?(.{+([0-9]),x}).x',
+    'master',
+    'next',
+    'next-major',
+    {name: 'beta', prerelease: true},
+    {name: 'alpha', prerelease: true},
+  ]);
+  t.is(result.repositoryUrl, 'https://host.null/owner/module.git');
+  t.is(result.tagFormat, `v\${version}`);
 });

-test.serial('Read options from package.json', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Convert "ci" option to "noCi"', async (t) => {
+  const pkg = {repository: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git', release: {ci: false}};
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  // Create package.json in repository root
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), pkg);
+
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});
+
+  t.is(result.noCi, true);
+});
+
+test('Read options from package.json', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: options});

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, release);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], release);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Read options from .releaserc.yml', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Read options from .releaserc.yml', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await writeFile('.releaserc.yml', yaml.safeDump(release));
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, '.releaserc.yml'), yaml.dump(options));

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, release);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], release);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Read options from .releaserc.json', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Read options from .releaserc.json', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('.releaserc.json', release);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, '.releaserc.json'), options);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, release);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], release);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Read options from .releaserc.js', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Read options from .releaserc.js', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await writeFile('.releaserc.js', `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(release)}`);
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, '.releaserc.js'), `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(options)}`);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, release);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], release);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Read options from release.config.js', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Read options from .releaserc.cjs', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
+  // Create .releaserc.cjs in repository root
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, '.releaserc.cjs'), `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(options)}`);

-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await writeFile('release.config.js', `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(release)}`);
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
-
-  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, release);
-  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], release);
+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
+  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from .releaserc.cjs
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
+  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from .releaserc.cjs
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Prioritise CLI/API parameters over file configuration and git repo', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Read options from release.config.js', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
+    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
+    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
+    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
+  };
+  // Create package.json in repository root
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, 'release.config.js'), `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(options)}`);
+
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});
+
+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
+  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
+  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
+});
+
+test('Read options from release.config.cjs', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const options = {
+    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
+    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
+    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
+  };
+  // Create release.config.cjs in repository root
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, 'release.config.cjs'), `module.exports = ${JSON.stringify(options)}`);
+
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});
+
+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
+  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from release.config.cjs
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
+  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from release.config.cjs
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
+});
+
+test('Prioritise CLI/API parameters over file configuration and git repo', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  let {cwd, repositoryUrl} = await gitRepo();
+  await gitCommits(['First'], {cwd});
+  // Create a clone
+  cwd = await gitShallowClone(repositoryUrl);
+  const pkgOptions = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_pkg'},
-    branch: 'branch_pkg',
+    branches: ['branch_pkg'],
  };
  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_cli'},
-    branch: 'branch_cli',
+    branches: ['branch_cli'],
    repositoryUrl: 'http://cli-url.com/owner/package',
    tagFormat: `cli\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-  const pkg = {release, repository: 'git@host.null:owner/module.git'};
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  const repo = await gitRepo();
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
-  // Create a clone
-  await gitShallowClone(repo);
+  const pkg = {release: pkgOptions, repository: 'git@host.null:owner/module.git'};
  // Create package.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', pkg);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), pkg);

-  const result = await t.context.getConfig(options);
+  const result = await t.context.getConfig({cwd}, options);

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['branch_cli']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from CLI/API
-  t.deepEqual(result.options, options);
+  t.deepEqual(result.options, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from CLI/API
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], options);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Read configuration from file path in "extends"', async t => {
-  const release = {extends: './shareable.json'};
-  const shareable = {
+test('Read configuration from file path in "extends"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {extends: './shareable.json'};
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: ['plugin-1', ['plugin-2', {plugin2Opt: 'value'}]],
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable.json', shareable);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable.json'), options);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, shareable);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], shareable);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    analyzeCommits: './shareable.json',
    generateNotes: './shareable.json',
+    'plugin-1': './shareable.json',
+    'plugin-2': './shareable.json',
  });
 });

-test.serial('Read configuration from module path in "extends"', async t => {
-  const release = {extends: 'shareable'};
-  const shareable = {
+test('Read configuration from module path in "extends"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {extends: 'shareable'};
+  const options = {
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./node_modules/shareable/index.json', shareable);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'node_modules/shareable/index.json'), options);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, shareable);
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], shareable);
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    analyzeCommits: 'shareable',
    generateNotes: 'shareable',
  });
 });

-test.serial('Read configuration from an array of paths in "extends"', async t => {
-  const release = {extends: ['./shareable1.json', './shareable2.json']};
-  const shareable1 = {
+test('Read configuration from an array of paths in "extends"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {extends: ['./shareable1.json', './shareable2.json']};
+  const options1 = {
    verifyRelease: 'verifyRelease1',
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits1', param: 'analyzeCommits_param1'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
  };
-
-  const shareable2 = {
+  const options2 = {
    verifyRelease: 'verifyRelease2',
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes2',
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits2', param: 'analyzeCommits_param2'},
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable1.json', shareable1);
-  await outputJson('./shareable2.json', shareable2);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable1.json'), options1);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable2.json'), options2);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {...options1, ...options2, branches: ['test_branch']};
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable1.json and shareable2.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, {...shareable1, ...shareable2});
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable1.json and shareable2.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {...shareable1, ...shareable2});
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    verifyRelease1: './shareable1.json',
    verifyRelease2: './shareable2.json',
@@ -306,34 +387,35 @@ test.serial('Read configuration from an array of paths in "extends"', async t =>
  });
 });

-test.serial('Prioritize configuration from config file over "extends"', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Prioritize configuration from config file over "extends"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {
    extends: './shareable.json',
-    branch: 'test_pkg',
+    branches: ['test_pkg'],
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
    publish: [{path: 'publishPkg', param: 'publishPkg_param'}],
  };
-  const shareable = {
+  const options1 = {
    analyzeCommits: 'analyzeCommits',
    generateNotes: 'generateNotesShareable',
    publish: [{path: 'publishShareable', param: 'publishShareable_param'}],
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable.json', shareable);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable.json'), options1);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = omit({...options1, ...pkgOptions, branches: ['test_pkg']}, 'extends');
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json and shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, omit({...shareable, ...release}, 'extends'));
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json and shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], omit({...shareable, ...release}, 'extends'));
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    analyzeCommits: './shareable.json',
    generateNotesShareable: './shareable.json',
@@ -341,129 +423,158 @@ test.serial('Prioritize configuration from config file over "extends"', async t
  });
 });

-test.serial('Prioritize configuration from cli/API options over "extends"', async t => {
-  const opts = {
+test('Prioritize configuration from cli/API options over "extends"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const cliOptions = {
    extends: './shareable2.json',
-    branch: 'branch_opts',
+    branches: ['branch_opts'],
    publish: [{path: 'publishOpts', param: 'publishOpts_param'}],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
  };
-  const release = {
+  const pkgOptions = {
    extends: './shareable1.json',
-    branch: 'branch_pkg',
+    branches: ['branch_pkg'],
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
    publish: [{path: 'publishPkg', param: 'publishPkg_param'}],
  };
-  const shareable1 = {
+  const options1 = {
    analyzeCommits: 'analyzeCommits1',
    generateNotes: 'generateNotesShareable1',
    publish: [{path: 'publishShareable', param: 'publishShareable_param1'}],
-    branch: 'test_branch1',
+    branches: ['test_branch1'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
  };
-  const shareable2 = {
+  const options2 = {
    analyzeCommits: 'analyzeCommits2',
    publish: [{path: 'publishShareable', param: 'publishShareable_param2'}],
-    branch: 'test_branch2',
+    branches: ['test_branch2'],
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json, shareable1.json and shareable2.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable1.json', shareable1);
-  await outputJson('./shareable2.json', shareable2);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable1.json'), options1);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable2.json'), options2);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig(opts);
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd}, cliOptions);

+  const expected = omit({...options2, ...pkgOptions, ...cliOptions, branches: ['branch_opts']}, 'extends');
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from package.json and shareable2.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, omit({...shareable2, ...release, ...opts}, 'extends'));
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from package.json and shareable2.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], omit({...shareable2, ...release, ...opts}, 'extends'));
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
 });

-test.serial('Allow to unset properties defined in shareable config with "null"', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Allow to unset properties defined in shareable config with "null"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {
    extends: './shareable.json',
    analyzeCommits: null,
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
+    plugins: null,
  };
-  const shareable = {
+  const options1 = {
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: ['test-plugin'],
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable.json', shareable);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable.json'), options1);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

-  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, {...omit(shareable, 'analyzeCommits'), ...omit(release, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits'])});
-  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {
-    ...omit(shareable, 'analyzeCommits'),
-    ...omit(release, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits']),
+  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable.json and the default `plugins`
+  t.deepEqual(options, {
+    ...omit(options1, ['analyzeCommits']),
+    ...omit(pkgOptions, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits']),
+    plugins: DEFAULT_PLUGINS,
  });
+  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable.json and the default `plugins`
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {
+    options: {
+      ...omit(options1, 'analyzeCommits'),
+      ...omit(pkgOptions, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits']),
+      plugins: DEFAULT_PLUGINS,
+    },
+    cwd,
+  });
+
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    generateNotes: './shareable.json',
    analyzeCommits: './shareable.json',
+    'test-plugin': './shareable.json',
  });
 });

-test.serial('Allow to unset properties defined in shareable config with "undefined"', async t => {
-  const release = {
+test('Allow to unset properties defined in shareable config with "undefined"', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {
    extends: './shareable.json',
    analyzeCommits: undefined,
-    branch: 'test_branch',
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
    repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/module.git',
  };
-  const shareable = {
+  const options1 = {
    generateNotes: 'generateNotes',
    analyzeCommits: {path: 'analyzeCommits', param: 'analyzeCommits_param'},
    tagFormat: `v\${version}`,
+    plugins: false,
  };
-
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
  // Create package.json and release.config.js in repository root
-  // await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await writeFile('release.config.js', `module.exports = ${format(release)}`);
-  await outputJson('./shareable.json', shareable);
+  await writeFile(path.resolve(cwd, 'release.config.js'), `module.exports = ${format(pkgOptions)}`);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable.json'), options1);

-  const {options} = await t.context.getConfig();
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});

+  const expected = {
+    ...omit(options1, 'analyzeCommits'),
+    ...omit(pkgOptions, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits']),
+    branches: ['test_branch'],
+  };
  // Verify the options contains the plugin config from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(options, {...omit(shareable, 'analyzeCommits'), ...omit(release, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits'])});
+  t.deepEqual(result, expected);
  // Verify the plugins module is called with the plugin options from shareable.json
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {
-    ...omit(shareable, 'analyzeCommits'),
-    ...omit(release, ['extends', 'analyzeCommits']),
-  });
+  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][0], {options: expected, cwd});
  t.deepEqual(t.context.plugins.args[0][1], {
    generateNotes: './shareable.json',
    analyzeCommits: './shareable.json',
  });
 });

-test.serial('Throw an Error if one of the shareable config cannot be found', async t => {
-  const release = {extends: ['./shareable1.json', 'non-existing-path']};
-  const shareable = {analyzeCommits: 'analyzeCommits'};
-
+test('Throw an Error if one of the shareable config cannot be found', async (t) => {
  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {extends: ['./shareable1.json', 'non-existing-path']};
+  const options1 = {analyzeCommits: 'analyzeCommits'};
  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
-  await outputJson('./package.json', {release});
-  await outputJson('./shareable1.json', shareable);
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'shareable1.json'), options1);

-  const error = await t.throws(t.context.getConfig(), Error);
+  await t.throwsAsync(t.context.getConfig({cwd}), {
+    message: /Cannot find module 'non-existing-path'/,
+    code: 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND',
+  });
+});

-  t.is(error.message, "Cannot find module 'non-existing-path'");
-  t.is(error.code, 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND');
+test('Convert "ci" option to "noCi" when set from extended config', async (t) => {
+  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+  const pkgOptions = {extends: './no-ci.json'};
+  const options = {
+    ci: false,
+  };
+  // Create package.json and shareable.json in repository root
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'package.json'), {release: pkgOptions});
+  await outputJson(path.resolve(cwd, 'no-ci.json'), options);
+
+  const {options: result} = await t.context.getConfig({cwd});
+
+  t.is(result.ci, false);
+  t.is(result.noCi, true);
 });
@@ -1,195 +1,409 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import getAuthUrl from '../lib/get-git-auth-url';
-import {gitRepo} from './helpers/git-utils';
+import getAuthUrl from '../lib/get-git-auth-url.js';
+import {gitRepo} from './helpers/git-utils.js';

-// Save the current process.env
-const envBackup = Object.assign({}, process.env);
-// Save the current working diretory
-const cwd = process.cwd();
+const env = {GIT_ASKPASS: 'echo', GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT: 0};

-test.beforeEach(() => {
-  delete process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS;
-  delete process.env.GH_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GITHUB_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GL_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.GITLAB_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.BB_TOKEN;
-  delete process.env.BITBUCKET_TOKEN;
-  process.env.GIT_ASKPASS = 'echo';
-  process.env.GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT = 0;
-});
+test('Return the same "git" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();

-test.afterEach.always(() => {
-  // Restore process.env
-  process.env = envBackup;
-  // Restore the current working directory
-  process.chdir(cwd);
-});
-
-test.serial('Return the same "git" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined', async t => {
-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}), 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git');
-});
-
-test.serial('Return the same "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined', async t => {
-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'}), 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git');
-});
-
-test.serial(
-  'Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+https" URL',
-  async t => {
-    t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git+https://host.null/owner/repo.git'}), 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git');
-  }
-);
-
-test.serial('Do not add trailing ".git" if not present in the origian URL', async t => {
-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo'}), 'git@host.null:owner/repo');
-});
-
-test.serial('Handle "https" URL with group and subgroup', async t => {
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({cwd, env, branch: {name: 'master'}, options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}}),
+    'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the same "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is not defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+https" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git+https://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Do not add trailing ".git" if not present in the origian URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({cwd, env, vranch: {name: 'master'}, options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo'}}),
+    'git@host.null:owner/repo'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Handle "https" URL with group and subgroup', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Handle "git" URL with group and subgroup', async t => {
+test('Handle "git" URL with group and subgroup', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'git@host.null:group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Convert shorthand URL', async t => {
+test('Convert shorthand URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'semanitc-release/semanitc-release'}),
-    'https://github.com/semanitc-release/semanitc-release.git'
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'semantic-release/semantic-release'},
+    }),
+    'https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Convert GitLab shorthand URL', async t => {
+test('Convert GitLab shorthand URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'gitlab:semanitc-release/semanitc-release'}),
-    'https://gitlab.com/semanitc-release/semanitc-release.git'
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env,
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'gitlab:semantic-release/semantic-release'},
+    }),
+    'https://gitlab.com/semantic-release/semantic-release.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial(
-  'Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git" URL',
-  async t => {
-    process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-    t.is(
-      await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}),
-      'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
-    );
-  }
-);
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();

-test.serial(
-  'Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "https" URL',
-  async t => {
-    process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-    t.is(
-      await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'}),
-      'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
-    );
-  }
-);
-
-test.serial(
-  'Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "http" URL',
-  async t => {
-    process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-    t.is(
-      await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'http://host.null/owner/repo.git'}),
-      'http://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
-    );
-  }
-);
-
-test.serial(
-  'Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+https" URL',
-  async t => {
-    process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-    t.is(
-      await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git+https://host.null/owner/repo.git'}),
-      'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
-    );
-  }
-);
-
-test.serial(
-  'Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+http" URL',
-  async t => {
-    process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-    t.is(
-      await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git+http://host.null/owner/repo.git'}),
-      'http://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
-    );
-  }
-);
-
-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GH_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.GH_TOKEN = 'token';
-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}), 'https://token@host.null/owner/repo.git');
-});
-
-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GITHUB_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.GITHUB_TOKEN = 'token';
-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}), 'https://token@host.null/owner/repo.git');
-});
-
-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GL_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.GL_TOKEN = 'token';
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git" URL without user', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git" URL without user and with a custom port', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'host.null:6666:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null:6666/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git" URL without user and with a custom port followed by a slash', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'host.null:6666:/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null:6666/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "https" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "http" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'http://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'http://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "http" URL with custom port', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'http://host.null:8080/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'http://user:pass@host.null:8080/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+https" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git+https://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "git+http" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git+http://host.null/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'http://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "http" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined and repositoryUrl is a "ssh" URL', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'ssh://git@host.null:2222/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://user:pass@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GH_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GH_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GITHUB_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GITHUB_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GL_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GL_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://gitlab-ci-token:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GITLAB_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.GITLAB_TOKEN = 'token';
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "GITLAB_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GITLAB_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://gitlab-ci-token:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BB_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.BB_TOKEN = 'token';
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BB_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, BB_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://x-token-auth:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BITBUCKET_TOKEN"', async t => {
-  process.env.BITBUCKET_TOKEN = 'token';
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BITBUCKET_TOKEN"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, BITBUCKET_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://x-token-auth:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Handle "https" URL with group and subgroup, with "GIT_CREDENTIALS"', async t => {
-  process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, BB_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: 'username:token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://username:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "gitCredentials" is defined with "BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, BITBUCKET_TOKEN_BASIC_AUTH: 'username:token'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://username:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return the "https" formatted URL if "GITHUB_ACTION" is set', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GITHUB_ACTION: 'foo', GITHUB_TOKEN: 'token'},
+      options: {branch: 'master', repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
+    'https://x-access-token:token@host.null/owner/repo.git'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Handle "https" URL with group and subgroup, with "GIT_CREDENTIALS"', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'https://host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://user:pass@host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Handle "git" URL with group and subgroup, with "GIT_CREDENTIALS', async t => {
-  process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
+test('Handle "git" URL with group and subgroup, with "GIT_CREDENTIALS', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd} = await gitRepo();
+
  t.is(
-    await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'}),
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl: 'git@host.null:group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'},
+    }),
    'https://user:pass@host.null/group/subgroup/owner/repo.git'
  );
 });

-test.serial('Do not add git credential to repositoryUrl if push is allowed', async t => {
-  process.env.GIT_CREDENTIALS = 'user:pass';
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  const repositoryUrl = await gitRepo(true);
+test('Do not add git credential to repositoryUrl if push is allowed', async (t) => {
+  const {cwd, repositoryUrl} = await gitRepo(true);

-  t.is(await getAuthUrl({repositoryUrl}), repositoryUrl);
+  t.is(
+    await getAuthUrl({
+      cwd,
+      env: {...env, GIT_CREDENTIALS: 'user:pass'},
+      branch: {name: 'master'},
+      options: {repositoryUrl},
+    }),
+    repositoryUrl
+  );
 });
@@ -1,159 +1,80 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
-import getLastRelease from '../lib/get-last-release';
-import {gitRepo, gitCommits, gitTagVersion, gitCheckout} from './helpers/git-utils';
+import getLastRelease from '../lib/get-last-release.js';

-// Save the current working diretory
-const cwd = process.cwd();
+test('Get the highest non-prerelease valid tag', (t) => {
+  const result = getLastRelease({
+    branch: {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [
+        {version: '2.0.0', gitTag: 'v2.0.0', gitHead: 'v2.0.0'},
+        {version: '1.0.0', gitTag: 'v1.0.0', gitHead: 'v1.0.0'},
+        {version: '3.0.0-beta.1', gitTag: 'v3.0.0-beta.1', gitHead: 'v3.0.0-beta.1'},
+      ],
+      type: 'release',
+    },
+    options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`},
+  });

-test.beforeEach(t => {
-  // Stub the logger functions
-  t.context.log = stub();
-  t.context.logger = {log: t.context.log};
+  t.deepEqual(result, {version: '2.0.0', gitTag: 'v2.0.0', name: 'v2.0.0', gitHead: 'v2.0.0', channels: undefined});
 });

-test.afterEach.always(() => {
-  // Restore the current working directory
-  process.chdir(cwd);
+test('Get the highest prerelease valid tag, ignoring other tags from other prerelease channels', (t) => {
+  const result = getLastRelease({
+    branch: {
+      name: 'beta',
+      prerelease: 'beta',
+      channel: 'beta',
+      tags: [
+        {version: '1.0.0-beta.1', gitTag: 'v1.0.0-beta.1', gitHead: 'v1.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+        {version: '1.0.0-beta.2', gitTag: 'v1.0.0-beta.2', gitHead: 'v1.0.0-beta.2', channels: ['beta']},
+        {version: '1.0.0-alpha.1', gitTag: 'v1.0.0-alpha.1', gitHead: 'v1.0.0-alpha.1', channels: ['alpha']},
+      ],
+      type: 'prerelease',
+    },
+    options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`},
+  });
+
+  t.deepEqual(result, {
+    version: '1.0.0-beta.2',
+    gitTag: 'v1.0.0-beta.2',
+    name: 'v1.0.0-beta.2',
+    gitHead: 'v1.0.0-beta.2',
+    channels: ['beta'],
+  });
 });

-test.serial('Get the highest non-prerelease valid tag', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  // Create some commits and tags
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
-  await gitTagVersion('foo');
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['Second']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0');
-  await gitCommits(['Third']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0');
-  await gitCommits(['Fourth']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v3.0');
-  await gitCommits(['Fifth']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0-beta.1');
-
-  const result = await getLastRelease(`v\${version}`, t.context.logger);
-
-  t.deepEqual(result, {gitHead: commits[0].hash, gitTag: 'v2.0.0', version: '2.0.0'});
-  t.deepEqual(t.context.log.args[0], ['Found git tag %s associated with version %s', 'v2.0.0', '2.0.0']);
-});
-
-test.serial('Get the highest tag in the history of the current branch', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  // Add commit to the master branch
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
-  // Create the tag corresponding to version 1.0.0
-  // Create the new branch 'other-branch' from master
-  await gitCheckout('other-branch');
-  // Add commit to the 'other-branch' branch
-  await gitCommits(['Second']);
-  // Create the tag corresponding to version 3.0.0
-  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0');
-  // Checkout master
-  await gitCheckout('master', false);
-  // Add another commit to the master branch
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['Third']);
-  // Create the tag corresponding to version 2.0.0
-  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0');
-
-  const result = await getLastRelease(`v\${version}`, t.context.logger);
-
-  t.deepEqual(result, {gitHead: commits[0].hash, gitTag: 'v2.0.0', version: '2.0.0'});
-});
-
-test.serial('Match the tag name from the begining of the string', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  const commits = await gitCommits(['First']);
-  await gitTagVersion('prefix/v1.0.0');
-  await gitTagVersion('prefix/v2.0.0');
-  await gitTagVersion('other-prefix/v3.0.0');
-
-  const result = await getLastRelease(`prefix/v\${version}`, t.context.logger);
-
-  t.deepEqual(result, {gitHead: commits[0].hash, gitTag: 'prefix/v2.0.0', version: '2.0.0'});
-});
-
-test.serial('Return empty object if no valid tag is found', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  // Create some commits and tags
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
-  await gitTagVersion('foo');
-  await gitCommits(['Second']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.x');
-  await gitCommits(['Third']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v3.0');
-
-  const result = await getLastRelease(`v\${version}`, t.context.logger);
+test('Return empty object if no valid tag is found', (t) => {
+  const result = getLastRelease({
+    branch: {
+      name: 'master',
+      tags: [{version: '3.0.0-beta.1', gitTag: 'v3.0.0-beta.1', gitHead: 'v3.0.0-beta.1'}],
+      type: 'release',
+    },
+    options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`},
+  });

  t.deepEqual(result, {});
-  t.is(t.context.log.args[0][0], 'No git tag version found');
 });

-test.serial('Return empty object if no valid tag is found in history', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  await gitCommits(['First']);
-  await gitCheckout('other-branch');
-  await gitCommits(['Second']);
-  await gitTagVersion('v1.0.0');
-  await gitTagVersion('v2.0.0');
-  await gitTagVersion('v3.0.0');
-  await gitCheckout('master', false);
+test('Get the highest non-prerelease valid tag before a certain version', (t) => {
+  const result = getLastRelease(
+    {
+      branch: {
+        name: 'master',
+        channel: undefined,
+        tags: [
+          {version: '2.0.0', gitTag: 'v2.0.0', gitHead: 'v2.0.0'},
+          {version: '1.0.0', gitTag: 'v1.0.0', gitHead: 'v1.0.0'},
+          {version: '2.0.0-beta.1', gitTag: 'v2.0.0-beta.1', gitHead: 'v2.0.0-beta.1'},
+          {version: '2.1.0', gitTag: 'v2.1.0', gitHead: 'v2.1.0'},
+          {version: '2.1.1', gitTag: 'v2.1.1', gitHead: 'v2.1.1'},
+        ],
+        type: 'release',
+      },
+      options: {tagFormat: `v\${version}`},
+    },
+    {before: '2.1.0'}
+  );

-  const result = await getLastRelease(`v\${version}`, t.context.logger);
-
-  t.deepEqual(result, {});
-  t.is(t.context.log.args[0][0], 'No git tag version found');
-});
-
-test.serial('Get the highest valid tag corresponding to the "tagFormat"', async t => {
-  // Create a git repository, set the current working directory at the root of the repo
-  await gitRepo();
-  // Create some commits and tags
-  const [{hash: gitHead}] = await gitCommits(['First']);
-
-  await gitTagVersion('1.0.0');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`\${version}`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: '1.0.0',
-    version: '1.0.0',
-  });
-
-  await gitTagVersion('foo-1.0.0-bar');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`foo-\${version}-bar`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: 'foo-1.0.0-bar',
-    version: '1.0.0',
-  });
-
-  await gitTagVersion('foo-v1.0.0-bar');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`foo-v\${version}-bar`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: 'foo-v1.0.0-bar',
-    version: '1.0.0',
-  });
-
-  await gitTagVersion('(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`(.+)/\${version}/(a-z)`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: '(.+)/1.0.0/(a-z)',
-    version: '1.0.0',
-  });
-
-  await gitTagVersion('2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`2.0.0-\${version}-bar.1`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: '2.0.0-1.0.0-bar.1',
-    version: '1.0.0',
-  });
-
-  await gitTagVersion('3.0.0-bar.1');
-  t.deepEqual(await getLastRelease(`\${version}-bar.1`, t.context.logger), {
-    gitHead,
-    gitTag: '3.0.0-bar.1',
-    version: '3.0.0',
-  });
+  t.deepEqual(result, {version: '2.0.0', gitTag: 'v2.0.0', name: 'v2.0.0', gitHead: 'v2.0.0', channels: undefined});
 });
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import test from 'ava';
+import {spy} from 'sinon';
+import getLogger from '../lib/get-logger.js';
+
+test('Expose "error", "success" and "log" functions', (t) => {
+  const stdout = spy();
+  const stderr = spy();
+  const logger = getLogger({stdout: {write: stdout}, stderr: {write: stderr}});
+
+  logger.log('test log');
+  logger.success('test success');
+  logger.error('test error');
+
+  t.regex(stdout.args[0][0], /.*test log/);
+  t.regex(stdout.args[1][0], /.*test success/);
+  t.regex(stderr.args[0][0], /.*test error/);
+});
@@ -1,29 +1,277 @@
 import test from 'ava';
-import {stub} from 'sinon';
-import getNextVersion from '../lib/get-next-version';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import getNextVersion from '../lib/get-next-version.js';

-test.beforeEach(t => {
+test.beforeEach((t) => {
  // Stub the logger functions
-  t.context.log = stub();
+  t.context.log = sinon.stub);
  t.context.logger = {log: t.context.log};
 });

-test('Increase version for patch release', t => {
-  const version = getNextVersion('patch', {version: '1.0.0'}, t.context.logger);
-  t.is(version, '1.0.1');
+test('Increase version for patch release', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {name: 'master', type: 'release', tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+      nextRelease: {type: 'patch'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.1'
+  );
 });

-test('Increase version for minor release', t => {
-  const version = getNextVersion('minor', {version: '1.0.0'}, t.context.logger);
-  t.is(version, '1.1.0');
+test('Increase version for minor release', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {name: 'master', type: 'release', tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.1.0'
+  );
 });

-test('Increase version for major release', t => {
-  const version = getNextVersion('major', {version: '1.0.0'}, t.context.logger);
-  t.is(version, '2.0.0');
+test('Increase version for major release', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {name: 'master', type: 'release', tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}]},
+      nextRelease: {type: 'major'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '2.0.0'
+  );
 });

-test('Return 1.0.0 if there is no previous release', t => {
-  const version = getNextVersion('minor', {}, t.context.logger);
-  t.is(version, '1.0.0');
+test('Return 1.0.0 if there is no previous release', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {name: 'master', type: 'release', tags: []},
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor'},
+      lastRelease: {},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.0'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for patch release on prerelease branch', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'patch', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.1-beta.1'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.1-beta.1', version: '1.0.1-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+        ],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'patch', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.1-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.1-beta.2'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'alpha',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'alpha',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.1-beta.1', version: '1.0.1-beta.1', channels: ['beta']}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'patch', channel: 'alpha'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.1-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.2-alpha.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for minor release on prerelease branch', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.1.0-beta.1'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+          {gitTag: 'v1.1.0-beta.1', version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+        ],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.1.0-beta.2'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'alpha',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'alpha',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.1.0-beta.1', version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor', channel: 'alpha'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.2.0-alpha.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for major release on prerelease branch', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'major', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '2.0.0-beta.1'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+          {gitTag: 'v2.0.0-beta.1', version: '2.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+        ],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'major', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '2.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '2.0.0-beta.2'
+  );
+
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'alpha',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'alpha',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v2.0.0-beta.1', version: '2.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'major', channel: 'alpha'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '2.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '3.0.0-alpha.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Return 1.0.0 if there is no previous release on prerelease branch', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {name: 'beta', type: 'prerelease', prerelease: 'beta', tags: []},
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor'},
+      lastRelease: {},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.0-beta.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for release on prerelease branch after previous commits were merged to release branch', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+          {gitTag: 'v1.1.0', version: '1.1.0', channels: [null]}, // Version v1.1.0 released on default branch after beta was merged into master
+          {gitTag: 'v1.1.0-beta.1', version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: [null, 'beta']},
+        ],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor'},
+      lastRelease: {version: '1.1.0', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.2.0-beta.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for release on prerelease branch based on highest commit type since last regular release', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [
+          {gitTag: 'v1.0.0', version: '1.0.0', channels: [null]},
+          {gitTag: 'v1.1.0-beta.1', version: '1.1.0-beta.1', channels: [null, 'beta']},
+        ],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'major'},
+      lastRelease: {version: 'v1.1.0-beta.1', channels: [null]},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '2.0.0-beta.1'
+  );
+});
+
+test('Increase version for release on prerelease branch when there is no regular releases on other branches', (t) => {
+  t.is(
+    getNextVersion({
+      branch: {
+        name: 'beta',
+        type: 'prerelease',
+        prerelease: 'beta',
+        tags: [{gitTag: 'v1.0.0-beta.1', version: '1.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']}],
+      },
+      nextRelease: {type: 'minor', channel: 'beta'},
+      lastRelease: {version: 'v1.0.0-beta.1', channels: ['beta']},
+      logger: t.context.logger,
+    }),
+    '1.0.0-beta.2'
+  );
 });
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More